Acetylene Synthesis

Is gunpowder one of the most influential parts that changed warfare? Warfare has changed a lot through the years gunpowder was able to change right along with it, they kept creating new weapons to adapt to the new style of warfare. There are many different things that changed warfare throughout our history, however gunpowder was one of the most effective and deadliest one. Gunpowder was created back around A.D. 850 by Chinese scientists. It was made by using the oxidizing agent potassium nitrate.

A spin vane was added and a water-jacked condenser was attached. Isopentyl nitrite (0.06ml, 0.045 mmol) was dissolved in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (0.50 ml) in a 3-ml conical vial and caped to prevent loss by evaporation. Running the reaction. The mixture in the 5-ml conical vial containing the tetraphenylcyclopentadienone and anthranilic acid was heated on an aluminum block to 140° C. Once the mixture started to boil the prepared mixture of isopentyl nitrite was added to the 5-ml conical vial through the top of the condenser using a pasture pipette.

In the round-bottom flask (100 mL), we placed p-aminobenzoic acid (1.2 g) and ethanol (12 mL). We swirled the mixture until the solid dissolved completely. We used Pasteur pipet to add concentrated sulfuric acid (1.0 mL) to the flask. We added boiling stone and assembled the reflux. Then, we did reflux for 75 minutes.

Lab Report 5: Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) Synthesis Name: Divya Mehta Student #: 139006548 Date Conducted: November 19th 2014 Date Submitted: November 26th 2014 Partner’s Name: Kirsten Matthews Lab Section: Wednesday 2:30 L9 IAs Name: Brittany Doerr Procedure: For the procedure, see lab manual (CH110 Lab Manual, Fall 2014) pages 96-98. Wilfrid Laurier University Chemistry Department. Fall 2014. Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) Synthesis.

Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to identify given Unknown White Compound by conducting various test and learning how to use lab techniques. Tests that are used during this experiment were a flame test, ion test, pH test, and conductivity test. The results drawn from these tests confirmed the identity of the Unknown White Compound to be sodium acetate (NaC2H3O2) because there were no presence of ions and sodium has a strong persistent orange color. The compound then will be synthesized with the compounds Na2CO3 and HC2H3O2 to find percent yield.

The pros for the methane hydrate divide into 3 part. First,Methane hydrates have great amount in seabed. “Estimates suggest that there is about the same amount of carbon in methane hydrates as there is in every other organic carbon store on the planet,” Methane Hydrates have a huge reserve on the edge of continental shelves where the seabed drops sharply away into the deep ocean floor. It can be the alternative energy to lower the consumer of the coal and oil.

Pennsylvania and Delaware The pennsylvania colony was one of the thirteen original colonies in America. The delaware colony was one of the thirteen colonies in America, which were divided into three regions including the New england colony , The Middle colonies , and the southern colonies. Pennsylvania was founded as a colony in 1681. Delaware was founded as a colony in 1638.

The purpose of this experiment was to learn about metal hydride reduction reactions. Therefore, the sodium borohydride reduction of the ketone, 9-fluorenone was performed to yield the secondary alcohol, 9-fluorenol. Reduction of an organic molecule usually corresponds to decreasing its oxygen content or increasing its hydrogen content. In order to achieve such a chemical change, sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is used as a reducing agent. There are other metal hydrides used in the reduction of carbonyl groups such as lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4).

The objective of this experiment was to use an aldol condensation reaction to synthesize 3-nitrochalcone from 3- nitrobenzaldehyde. This was accomplished with a Diels-Alder reaction that utilized 3-nitrobenzaldehyde, acetophenone, ethanol, and sodium hydroxide. The mechanism for the synthesis of 3-nitrochalcone is presented in Figures 1 and 2. The alpha carbon on the acetophenone is deprotonated. This is followed by the attack of the alpha carbon anion on the carbonyl carbon on the 3-nitrobenzaldehyde.

The decomposition of NaHCO3 is an example of Prevention within Green Chemistry principles because all solid waste in this experiment is collected and used again. The only gaseous wastes generated by the reaction in the experiment are carbon dioxide and water, which are benign (Lab 3). The decomposition reaction of NaHCO3, generates virtually no waste, therefore less hazardous chemical syntheses. The byproducts of the reaction are gaseous CO2 and H2O which possess little or no toxicity to human health and the environment, because of the amounts released in this experiment. (Lab 3).

It is usually found in alcoholic beverages and is produced by the fermentation of sugars by yeast according to (National Institute of Health, 2000). Ethanol has a number of practical uses it is most commonly used as an antiseptic, a solvent and a fuel. Ethanol has 2 carbon bonds with a chemical formula of CH3-CH2-OH . Ethanol’s boiling point is 97°C and the freezing point -114.1°C. The hazards of ethanol is its flammability and also consuming to much of the substance leading to alcohol

Ethylene glycol is also seen being used as a dewatering agent and hydrate inhibition in the natural gas industry, as well with minor uses in niche applications like nail polish, detergents, cosmetics, and paints etc. because of its low

Introduction Chevron Phillips Chemical Company is the major producer of Cyclohexane. This successful company hoses the three largest cyclohexane plants in the world. Many are puzzled by how the production of cyclohexane seems to have become stagnant. Perhaps this is due to the cost of benzene increasing or the demand increasing. Through thorough investigation, the answer to this question and many more can be answered.

In this experiment, it was possible to produce the major products from bromination of acetanilide and aniline. 0.075g of 4-bromoacetanilide and 0.156g of 2,4,6-tribromoanilne were collected from bromination of 0.07g acetanilide and 0.05g aniline with the percent yield of 67.57% and 88.1% respectively. At the end of the experiment, to prove the formation of the major products, melting point of the products were measured. The melting point of the product from the bromination of acetanilide was 164.8-168.50c, which is in the range of the melting point of 4-bromoacetanilide, 165-1690c, as reported on the Chemical Book, CAS Database List (chemicalbook.com). The melting point of the product from the bromination of aniline was 119.8-121.90c, which is in the range of the melting point of 2,4,6-tribromoaniline, 120-1220c, as indicated on PubChem, Open Chemistry Database (pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov).

Introduction Camphor is the natural product of Camphora officinarum which mainly distributes in Asia especially in Japan and China.1Actually, since the dawn of civilization, this molecule has been known for its strong smell and the use of camphor has an extensive and long-valued history.2, 3 In ancient time, it was used for medical use in China and in Japan it was also applied in framework to make it lighter and in inks because of solubility in pigments.2-4 In Europe, it was applied to preserve wood and deterrent insect. Additionally, during outbreaks of some diseases in Europe such as Black Death and smallpox, camphor was used as a fumigant.3 Camphor was also used in ritual in India due to its nonirritant property.3 It is considered to be a molecule that changed the world because it is so multifunctional that strongly influences human’s life.2 Moreover, with the development of scientific research, the demand for camphor keeps increasing because camphor’s application is extended in many new fields including medicine