Alan Turing – By Edoardo
Alan Turing was born in London, England, in 1912. He is a very influential character in history, although unlike most historical figures his influence becomes stronger as time goes on.
Turing was a genius from the beginning and his brilliance was evident even when he was in pre-school. Minders ant teachers alike were always highly impressed with his logical and mathematical abilities. In 1926 he was supposed to attend his first day of boarding school in Sherborne. It was an expensive private school, but his family were wealthy and he could afford to go and develop his logical and mathematical abilities. Unfortunately, the first day coincided with the 1926 general strike. This, however, did not stop young Turing, who, aged 13, cycled the 100km to school over 2 days, unaccompanied, stopping overnight in an inn. At the age of 16 Turing encountered
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All in all the military Enigma has 158,962,555,217,826,360,000 (nearly 159 quintillion) different settings.
Turing invented the Bombe method of cracking the codes3. It is estimated that Turing, in his late 20's, shortened the war by around 3 years and saved a minimum of 14 million lives by cracking the Enigma. It allowed the allies to understand messages that the Germans thought were completely encrypted. This came at a moral cost, however; the British Government often had to allow innocents to be killed to fool the Nazis into thinking that the Allies could not understand the codes.
Turing later fathered Artificial Intelligence by creating the first chess computer4, which could do what had previously been thought to have been a purely human characteristic. He more Importantly invented the Turing Machine and Turing
The machine reset every 24 hours with a new code. It seemed unbreakable to everyone trying to crack it. During World War II, the Allied Nations were struggling with cryptic communications. Axis Nations could intercept orders sent to the front and easily decipher their meanings. A big obstacle for the United States particularly was the Japanese.
For these reasons, he was homeschooled for most of his early years and grew up to become very curious about everything around him. He was ultimately able to overcome his physical problems and entered Harvard when he was eighteen. There, he balanced his time between sports and studying and mastered both.
John B Watson was born 1878, in South Carolina, with an extremely religious mother and a completely opposite father. His father was known to drink heavily and had several affairs; when Watson was 13 his father ran away with another woman. Only after Watson was rich and famous did his father try to make contact with him and Watson refused because he was resentful towards him. “But like his father he became heavily attached to bourbon and he freely transgressed his marriage. Watson had affairs with many women” (Karier, 1986, p.133).
Alan Turing was a British mathematician, philosopher, computer scientist, logician, cryptanalyst, mathematical biologist, and marathon and ultra distance runner. He was the one who made the concept of “algorithms” and “computation.” Turing was also instrumental in WW2. As he single-handedly cracked intercepted coded messages by the Nazis.
Alan Turing: The Enigma is a scientific biography of one of the most brilliant minds in history. Andrew Hodges provides a detailed account of Alan’s life and shows his various contributions to history, mathematics, science etc. It also shows how instead of giving him an exceptional status he was forced to live a horrid life that ultimately led him to commit suicide. Andrew Hodges is a British mathematician, which helped him give a clear insight in Alan Turing’s life and his theories. The book opens up by describing Alan’s life in Britain and his family background.
In Christian’s autobiography, his goal was to win the Loebner Prize, given to those who can pass the Turing Test, as the most human human. In 1950 when Alan Turing created the Turing Test he could only dream of the computers we have now. He predicted
He didn’t go to school because his parents couldn’t afford to send him. He learned life skills and basic educational skills while on his parents’ farm. On the
Alan Turing has inspired people with his algorithms, computing machinery and artificial intelligence (How Alan Turing’s legacy is inspiring our work today). This evidence shows that people were inspired to make future technological advancements by using his codes and algorithms to find AI in computers. Alan Turing has inspired people to decipher encrypted messages because of his attempt to decode the Enigma cipher machine used by the German military (Alan Turing By Jacob Aron). This evidence shows that Alan Turing was able to help the war effort for the British by cracking the Enigma Cipher machine that encrypts messages and frequencies. Alan Turing has inspired people to be fearless to daunting problems just like he did to find out a way to crack open the Enigma machine (What Alan Turing means to us).
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was a British physician, who later dedicated his life to writing. He became one of the most famous authors of all time. Arthur Conan Doyle's involvement as an adolescent allowed him to recognize many paths in life, to which provoked him as a legendary wordsmith. On May 22, 1859, in Edinburgh, England, was born. His father, Charles, was a moderately famous Victorian artist.
Turing himself unknown to him, created a great race to make a better and more complex artificial intelligence with this paper. The article since 1950 has been cited over 10,000 times. The way this article revolutionized has not been matched by any other paper in the computing world. Turing himself wore many hats in his life. He was mathematician, code breaker and computer scientist.
What impact did the Enigma machine have on the outcome of the second world war? The successes in breaking Enigma codes at Bletchley Park contributed greatly to the defeat of the Axis powers and is suggested to notably have shortened the span of the war. Enigma became a crucial tool in the code breaking activity during the Second World War.
Defining intelligence is a very difficult proposition and one which Alan Turing attempted to avoid answering as regards machine intelligence in the Imitation Game which has become known as the Turing Test (Turing, 1950). He posed the question “Can machines think?” which is he developed to ask if machines are able to converse in a way that can persuade humans they too are human. A machine is declared to have passed the test if human judges are unable to tell the difference between a human and a computer through a typed conversation. He suggested that a machine that persuades 70 per cent of human judges after five minutes of conversation should be deemed to have passed the test.
As a kid, Turing went to the top private schools and continually showed signs of being very smart from a young age. By age 14, he was solving advanced problems without having taken a course on them. At age 16, he read of Einstein 's work, not
Turing proved himself to be a valuable genius and his contributions to designing the Bombe were significant during World War II, but he encountered disgrace when authorities revealed he was homosexual. Two years after he was convicted of “gross indecency”, he committed suicide by ingesting a lethal
His business mind and his passion of programming lead him to invent new things and for brainstorming ideas which changed his life as well as the computering world. Bill Gates life took a dramatic change when a new student was enrolled to his school. He was the son of a senior programmer in Computer Centre Corporation. (CCC) Gates and his friends were giver the opportunity to figure out the problems and defects in the CCC system security, because this company was suffering a big financial loss due to hackers. Gates didn’t think twice before agreeing to their deal because this opportunity lead him and his friends to have endless time to carry on their programming experiments which they didn’t get from the school.