Andreas Vesalius Research Paper

The Renaissance or “rebirth” was a period of great scientific, artistic, and cultural advancement in Europe that gave way to many groundbreaking discoveries, such as the discovery of the heliocentric solar system (Document C), the portrayal of art in three-dimensional form (Document A), the discovery of the composition of the human body (Document D), and many other revolutionary achievements that enriched the society of Europe and their awareness of the real scientific world. During this time period, people began to understand the difference between science and religion and they developed a new understanding regarding their view of their own humanhood, or in other words, there was an evolution in man’s view of man. Through the works of

The Ancient Greeks laid foundations for the Western civilizations in the fields of math and science. Euclid, a Greek mathematician known as the “Father of Geometry,” is arguably the most prominent mind of the Greco-Roman time, best known for his composition in the area of geometry, the Elements. (Document 5) To this day, Euclid’s work is still taught in schools worldwide.

Claudius Galen was born in September 129 C.E. in Pergamum, located in Asia Minor (present-day Turkey). He was born and raised in the city where the temple of Asclepius (God of healing) was located and a library with 50,000 volumes. His family was wealthy and he received the best education in politics and philosophy. By the time he was a teenager, he was well-acquainted with Plato, Aristotle’s and the Stoics. His father died when he was only 20 years old, so Galen used the money he inherited to travel and study medicine throughout the Mediterranean and Near East.

1) On page three (including the footnote) Rousseau distinguishes between the chains that hold people down (actual obstacles to freedom imposed by authorities) and “garlands of flowers” flung by arts and sciences that, though we want them, hold us down even more. Describe some of the chains and the garlands of flowers that may hold you back from becoming the person you would really like to be. (This is a loaded question; to answer you have to say something about the person you would really like to be!) a. Throughout life the majority of the people around us are trying to become the person they want to be. For me, the person I want to become is someone self-confident and independent. To be respected, live a happy life, and to be an example to others.

In Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, the character Cassius wishes to convince Brutus to join him in conspiring against Caesar because he and his co-conspirators believe Caesar is unfit to rule Rome. In this passage, Cassius persuades Brutus through his pathos, ethos, and logos. Cassius exploits Brutus’s pathos in that he compliments Brutus to inflate his ego, as shown when Cassius says Brutus has “hidden worthiness” (1,2,57) and his worthiness earns him “many of the best respect in Rome” (1,2,59). Cassius utilizes these compliments in order to make Brutus see himself as a chosen one to aid Cassius in removing Caesar from the throne. Moreover, Cassius attempts to sway Brutus through his pathos by capitalizing Brutus’s fear for the future of Rome,

Correspondingly, a third source that similarly discredits the conventional awareness of Augustus is The Lives of the Twelve Caesars provided by Suetonius as it portrays Augustus as being, to a certain extent, paranoid, manipulative, strategic and immoral. This is mostly unequivocal when Suetonius reinterprets an encounter between Augustus and a Roman Knight as he incurred detestation through many acts. However, Suetonius pays unmistakable consecration to this incident as when, “…a Roman knight was taking notes, he ordered that he be stabbed on the spot, thinking him an eavesdropper and a spy. Augustus, suspecting that he had a sword concealed there, did not dare to make a search on the spot for fear it should turn out to be something else and though he made no confession, ordered his execution, first tearing out the man's eyes with his own hand. ” This piece of material of him murdering a Roman knight, due to alleged eavesdropping, is a primary case in point of how

He success was accomplished with the help of his family, the start of his rule, and his ruling. Antoninus Pius was an inspirational

From an early age Aurelius was educated by the best teachers as prescribed by Hadrian, discovering philosophy, more specifically stoicism, and becoming greatly devoted to his study. (Roman Emperors) He also received numerous honours by Hadrian, such as being enrolled as an equestrian at the age of six, and becoming a priest in the Salian brotherhood at

Despite these contrasting accounts of Augustus given by Tacitus, Suetonius and Dio Cassius, numerous historiographical complexity are faced in general when studying famous ancient figures, as authors can develop their own interpretations of events that occurred and offer an argument or point of view in an effort to persuade other individuals. However, because Dio Cassius was a well renowned politician as well as a noted Roman historian and Tacitus was a senator and historian who came from a Roman family that might have been strongly in support of traditions, with Suetonius being a quiet, studious and dedicated Roman biographer, it is easy to argue that they might be biased. This is further articulated as Dio Cassius who wrote in the late second

There was a massive change in the understanding of anatomy during the Renaissance. Claudius Galen was a Greek doctor who became the most respected doctor in the Roman Empire. He discovered the importance of understanding the functions of the parts of the body. In Galen 's time the dissections of the human body were forbidden for

Ever since a young age, her father Theon, a Greek scholar and member of the famous museum in Alexandria enforced the qualities of a “perfect human being” upon her, and educated her in the likes of art, literature, philosophy, science, mathematics, physical activity and speech. Education that was typically unavailable to women and education that provided a foundation for her future achievements. From around 380-400 CE, Hypatia began to become a prominent mathematics, science, astronomy and philosophy teacher at the University of Alexandria who expanded upon the works of her predecessors, refining mathematical concepts, developing new theories, writing commentaries/textbooks and even creating new inventions. Throughout her career, she authored several treatises on algebra, number theory, and geometry, and insightfully contributed to commentaries on various works which were highly regarded in her time. As Hypatia was such a popular, powerful teacher, drawing loyal crowds from far and wide, there were numerous opportunities for her to work with her students.

As a result of his family’s stature, Pliny was able to study well while in Italy and in his early 20’s in Rome. In 45 CE Pliny began to serve for the Roman Empire military where he rose up the rankings quickly. While serving in the military, Pliny also could be regarded as a historian and a naturalist (McCarthy). This aspect of his life is what makes Pliny important to modern-day science.

Leong Jing Yi (11) 4 Truth LIT AA 1 Brutus’ downfall was his own doing. Do you agree? “ Stoicism’s primary tenets state that we should not wish for things to be other than they are. Acceptance of fate and the realization of providence lead to complete freedom from the passions.”

In conclusion, Cassius was manipulative and not a good friend that

He made many observations, one of which is his observation of how nutrition works in animals led him to conclude that in order for the food an animal eats to turn into bone, hair, flesh, and so forth, it must already contain all those constituents within it. He taught many people about what he believed in which led him to be prosecuted. Some of these beliefs are that he believed that the world was flat and that there where many Earths like ours. Also, he taught that “everything has a natural explanation, the moon is not a good but a great rock and the sun a hot rock.” He was arrested and sentenced to death but with the help of his friend and a student of his he was able to escape and live till he was 82 in Lampsacus.