A new divide in art and religion occurred during the 17th century. The Reformation occurred and caused a major divide between Protestants and Catholics. In northern Europe, Protestantism took root, especially in the city of Amsterdam. In southern Europe, Catholicism stood fast, especially in Rome. In this paper I will argue that Amsterdam and Rome developed unique political and religious environments that created two different painting styles within the Baroque period. These different environments led to two very different subject materials: secular in Amsterdam and non-secular in Rome. Despite some similarities, these differences distinctly separate Protestant Baroque in the north of Europe and Counter-Reformation Baroque in the south of Europe and two paintings can accurately portray these differences and similarities: “The Calling of Saint Matthew” by Caravaggio and “The Art of Painting” by Vermeer. During the tumultuous changes of the 16th century, Catholic subject matter in art was equal parts pagan and Christian. After 1545, when Pope Paul III called the Council of Trent, this was changed. The Council of Trent provided reforming guidelines for all the arts to reunite …show more content…
“The Calling of Saint Matthew” by Caravaggio was the Counter-Reformation movement. Light pours in above Christ’s head on the right and reveals stunning detail in the painting. Light glints of the coins on the table and the tax collector’s glasses. The expressions on the faces of the collectors are varied and convey recognizable emotion. In “The Art of Painting” by Vermeer, light shines in from the left and glints off the tiles, chairs, and the chandelier. The painting is so detailed that even the map across the wall is an accurate portrayal of the Low Countries. Baroque is characterized by such use of light and implementation of
The Council of Trent was the turning point for the Catholic Church. The Church was able to change because when the church changed the Catholic people were more expanding towards other countries in overseas . However, there wasn’t too much of a change because all the people who belonged to the Catholic Church did not change the point of view of how they look upon God. Examples such as how the Bread and Wine will mean that God will stay with you and be with you on your side. Martin Luther was and is still an important person for the people in Italy and Germany.
Chaos: The Protestant Reformation was the 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would disruption that separated Catholic define the continent in the modern and central Europe, like Martin Luther, John Calvin and Henry Vill challenged papal authority and questioned the Church 's ability to define Christian practice. They argued for a religious and political redistribution of power into the hands of Bible- and pamphlet-reading pastors and princes. The disruption triggered wars, persecutions and the so-called Counter-Reformation, the Catholic Church 's delayed but forceful response to the Protestants. The main chaos that caused reformation were religious,
The Protestant Reformation had a massive sway on the visual arts in Northern European art. One of the main changes was that holy imagery was no longer the most significant feature in art. Iconoclasm took over as Protestant reformers encouraged the removal of pious images. The patrons of the north became more captivated in secular concepts and ideas, and they also wanted their messages about ethics to be shown in fewer godly behaviors. The Reformation led artists to seek patrons outside of the church; and several different types of themes were requested during this time.
Early Netherlandish painter, Robert Campin, active during the 15th and 16th century was one of the few to introduced a new painting style to the Italian Renaissance Era. Although Campin belongs to the Northern Renaissance era, he still carried elements of Late Gothic. Therefore, Campin was greatly influenced by the International Gothic movement. The Gothic movement, which was introduced by the French includes a saturation of biblical scenes, Illumnatied religious manuscripts, and very detailed portraiture. One of Robert Campin’s biggest achivements was, Merode Altarpiece, a detailed religious scene done between 1425 and 1428.
The Renaissance paintings of the School of Athens by Raphael and the Last Supper by Leonardo Da Vinci show Renaissance interest in human social interaction. These paintings show the importance of social interaction through perspective, color, and formal organization. Raphael’s School of Athens presents the significance of the philosophical aspect of human social interaction during this art movement. On the other hand, Da Vinci’s the Last Supper shows the importance of the theological aspect of human interaction. Both paintings reveal Renaissance artist’s interest in human contact and behavior.
Paintings often share many similarities, but they also always have differences. The two paintings “The Meeting At The Golden Gate”, and “The Annunciation” will always be remembered as absolute masterpieces from the 1300’s. “The Meeting Of Joachim And Anne” was created sometime between 1304-1306. “The Annunciation” was painted sometime around 1333. Both share very vivid differences and similarities which brings great uniqueness to that era of artwork.
Baroque Art and Architecture History The style dominating the art and architecture of Europe and certain European colonies in the Americas throughout the 17th and 18th century in certain places. The term Baroque is derived from Spanish and Portuguese word that denotes irregular shaped pearl. As human awareness towards the world continuously expands, art has not only been influenced by the many discoveries of science, but many aspects of baroque art are also determined by religion, especially the Roman Catholic Church which served as a highly influential patron. The monarchies of France and Spain are the examples that Baroque Art is also influenced by political situations.
In the painting of the Last Supper, it shows a room in which Jesus and his apostles are seen was an extension of the refectory. The Last Supper was a painting that builds on the early renaissance painting tradition such as composition and perspective. These paintings were very important had influence the Catholic Church. Leonardo Da Vinci’s creativity and original artworks prove he has the greatest mind of all
Art was and still is a big thing in Italy. During the Italian Renaissance (14th to 16th century), art was considered to be an important role in society and paintings from the Italian Renaissance still exists today. Some artworks are Mona Lisa by Leonardo Da Vinci and The Peasants Wedding by Pieter Bruegel the Elder. These 2 artworks shows that they are from the Italian Renaissance through art characteristics such as S shapes/curves, Chiaroscuro, and how it is Realistic. With these art characteristics, it shows how they are inspired by humanism, individualism, and secularism (HIS).
Many of the defining features of Baroque art can be traced back to the influence of the Catholic Church, specifically the members of the Jesuits. At the final session of the Council of Trent it was decreed that by seeing “[their] Redemption, portrayed by paintings or other representations” the people should be inspired to ”give God thanks for those things; may order their own lives and manners in imitation of the saints; and may be excited to adore and love God, and to cultivate piety” (Waterworth, 170). Although this decree was made after many of the changes in art had happened, it
During the Renaissance in Italy, art practices were focused on proportion, perspective and artists paid significant detail to the human anatomy. In addition, art practices during the Italian Renaissance were heavily influenced by wealth. On the other hand, art practices during the Renaissance in Northern Europe focused on society and everyday life. The Protestant Reformation greatly impacted the direction behind art practices during the Renaissance in Northern Europe.
A varied balance between the symbolic and realism has been struck world over by the painting. In the fifteenth century Western painting began to turn from its age- old concern with spiritual realities towards an effort to combine this spiritual expression with as complete an imitation as possible of the outside
The Renaissance and Baroque periods of music are two very similar and different eras. The Renaissance which began after the end of the Middle Ages in 1450 and ended the beginning of the 1600s, this is where the Baroque period starts. The beginning of the Renaissance period was compromised of sacred and religious music cultivating from the middle ages. Before the Renaissance period music had to be copied and re-written by hand, which was a very difficult task to do continuously. During the Renaissance period however, printing was invented, which made producing music easier and also changed a lot of other things in other areas.
Leonardo Da Vinci 's The Last supper is a popular work of art that is Da Vinci 's rendition of the last supper as told in the bible. This paper will include an in depth visual analysis of the painting as it appeared on the original canvas. The paper will also address the cultural and religious significance of this work of art in that time period. I chose to do the analysis on The Last Supper because it is an artwork that i have seen many times in my life, but oddly enough do not know a lot about. In this paper i plan to not only inform you , but inform myself on the many aspects of The Last Supper by Leonardo Da Vinci.
The world is full of famous paintings, from the icons of the early Catholic Church to splashes of paint by Jackson Pollock. No artist, however, has so intrigued the world with his works like Leonardo da Vinci. His paintings are full of mystery, and often have meanings hidden to the first glance. One of his most famous and enigmatic works is The Last Supper, a fresco depicting the final Passover meal between Jesus Christ and His Apostles. Da Vinci’s masterful work is full of contrasts, from the expressions of the figures, to the use of color, and even the use of light and dark.