Bureaucratic Politics: The 1972-1975 Whitlam Government

This paper will review the relationship between the Commonwealth Department of Human Services (DHS) and the Australian Government. DHS supports millions of Australians from all demographics, backgrounds and ages. The Minister for Human Services (the Minister) is responsible for the delivery of these services. The Federal Minister for Social Services, the Hon Christian Porter MP is the Cabinet Minister who represents DHS and has the overarching responsibility of the policy and legislation for these services. Due to the many facets that DHS touches, there many critical external relationships amongst the Cabinet Ministers who facilitate in pushing through the exciting changes to enable customers a better interaction experience in accessing DHS

The Unites States is by far in a better position since the passage of the Homeland Security Bill of 2003. This bill has strengthened and fortified our borders to ensure we are never attacked again like were on September 11, 2001. “There have been a number of planned attacks that have been prevented on U.S. soil and abroad within the past several years” because of the Homeland Security Bill that was put into place (Keefer, 2017). This act vetted a lot of agencies and brought them together in order to make our country much safer than it ever has been. The combing of 22 federal agencies into one new cabinet level department as well as creating four new divisions was the biggest federal reorganization since the creation of the Department of

This essay will look at the aspects or reasons as to how and why the coalition government has won the federal election that took place on the 7th of September 2013. There are many reasons why Tony Abbott has won victory against the Rudd and Gillard government and to gain hundreds of thousands of Australian citizen’s trust. Reasons include; Tony Abbott putting a stop to the boats entering the Australian land, the abolishment of carbon tax and the reduction of the cost of living, Abbott promising to recognize Aborigines as nations first people, and lastly Tony Abbott took advantage the distrust that has been happening between the Rudd and Gillard Government to his power by pin pointing their flaws and issues thus making the citizens of Australia think twice on whether they should really put their complete trust in an unstable government to run the country given the economic difficulties happening today around the world. This essay will ideally discuss in depth as to why the coalition won the 2013 federal election and factors that has persuaded the citizens of Australia to vote for the Abbott government.

The 1970s was a decade of change for Australia. Many issues were talked about including immigration, war, sexual morality, the role of women and the environment. Gough Whitlam had a huge role on shaping Australia and made some amazing changes. Whitlam was Australia’s prime minister from 1972 to 1975. During his time as prime minister he changed rights involving women’s equal pay and maternity leave as well as removing Australian troops from the Vietnam war, introducing free university education and lowered the voting age.

The Whitlam Government was made up of the members of the Australian Labor Party and ran in power from 1972 until its dismissal in 1975. The Whitlam Government was responsible for implementing Healthcare and Social Security and important changes to areas of Australia’s education, women, economy, defence, nationality, democracy and immigration. The Whitlam government only served for three years and was actually dismissed by Sir John Kerr; The Governor-General in 1974 appointed by Whitlam, this raises the questions what really where the successes and failures of the Whitlam Government?

It could be argued that the Labour government of 1945-50 accurately created the welfare state when they introduced the National Health Service (NHS) Act in 1948 where every citizen is entitled to free health services. This was seen as the most important reform of the Labour government of 1945-50. The NHS Act 1948 gave free access to medical care to all members in society of a wide range nature, all members of the country were given free access to GP services, dentist, optician and hospitals. They were all to be provided for free at the point of use based on their citizenship right not the individual ability to pay for it (Fyrth, 1995; Page, 2008). According to Heyck (2008) Bevan, minister of health for Labour government 1945-50, was determined

The One Nation Party (ONP) is not an aberration within Australian political life; historically ethnonationalistic movements and parties have long been present within the Australian political landscape. The New Guard, the Centrist Party, the Australia First Party, and the Australian National Socialist Party (ANSP) to name just a few. The presence of ethnonationalistic movements within Australia is ultimately a result of ‘unique phenomena growing out of specific political, social and economic conditions’ and requires ‘an examination of national contexts’ in order to ascertain why they exist and proliferate within not only Australia, but many other industrialised Western nations. To this end, a review regarding the emergence of the ONP will be

it might be said: I Introduction Under section 75(v) of the Australian Constitution, the High Court has original jurisdiction in all matters ‘in which a writ of Mandamus or prohibition or an injunction is sought against an officer of the Commonwealth.’ Nonetheless, unlike in other overseas jurisdictions, there is currently no basis in the Australian Constitution for the award of damages for constitutional wrongs. There are varying schools of thought on whether damages should be awarded under such circumstances and this essay will seek to explore why the Australian Constitution should be amended to allow for damages to be awarded for constitutional wrongs. The aforementioned argument will be expounded by reference to the works of various

The history of Canadian public administration over the years also plays a crucial role in the system. The Canadian public administration system was initially based on the British government system but has since then transformed into a system that is unique to the country (Drysdale, p.37). That interplay evolution made an independent system for Canada, and is a “result of Canada’s political culture, and the need for public administration to adapt over time, while upholding the principles of democracy” (Drysdale, 37). Therefore, the very reason the new Canadian public administration system came to be is because of the interplay of democracy and political culture, which is arguably the greatest influence it has had. The current system in place

(Yencken, D. 2008) Australia’s legal and political system meets these criteria. It is yet important to recognise that the rule of law significantly depends on legal precedent for its active upkeep. No government official may violate these limits. No ruler, minister, or political party can tell a judge how to decide a case.

In Street-Level Bureaucracy: Dilemmas of the Individual in Public Services, Lipsky defines street-level bureaucrats as the “teachers, police officers and other law enforcement personnel, social workers, judges, public lawyers and other court officers, health workers, and many other public employees who grant access to government programs and provide services within them” (1980, 3). The book provides us with an insight into the everyday life of a street-level bureaucrat and shows their unmistakable role in delivering social services. Lipsky believes policy is best understood when looking at the people at the forefront of the implementation process; those that have to deal with both the government and the public. Overall, I found this book extremely

Woodrow Wilson, the twenty-eighth President of the United States, is well renowned for many accomplishments; of particular importance is being credited as the father of Public Administration. Although he argues for many different ideas and concepts, his end goal is always for the benefit of the people. This particularly resonates in his 1887 essay; The Study of Administration. In his critically renowned essay, The Study of Administration, he details his concepts of and for public administration.

It aimed was to find solutions to issues that there were within the parliament, protecting the reforms that has been passed from challenges that the parliament may encounter & convincing the public that this new reforms and changes were more legit than ever & exposing with

As the presence of a coalition was uncommon till now, new constitutional norms were created and old ones were revised. For the doctrine of ministerial accountability, it isn’t important how many parties run the government, but that it is still one government. The members of government should all adopt the same position to ensure certainty and confidence in the government. The coalition also had great effect on the prime minister’s power when appointing ministers. Instead of choosing ministers at his own discretion, Cameron had to consult Clegg about it.

‘New Public Management is an alternative to the traditional public administration’. Discuss. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT