Historically, British colonization played a detrimental effect on the indigenous community. Through the use of residential schools and assimilation, the Canadian government endeavored in removing the aboriginal culture out of indigenous youth, adversely causing trauma, abuse, and social problems among the Indigenous community. (Brenda Elias, Javier Mignone, Madelyn Hall, Say, P. Hong, Lyna Hart, and Jitender Sareen, 2012). Through the Canadian justice system's use of the NWMP (North-West Mounted Police), they attempted to establish a colonial policing power to govern the Indigenous community to control and punish labelled “dysfunctional” behavior among the Indigenous people (Amanda Nettelbeck and Russell Smandych, 2010).
Furthermore, the historical
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Corrado, Sarah Kuehn and Irina Margaritescu 2014). Additionally, studies also show that western Canadian provinces have a much greater rate of indigenous incarceration compared to the eastern provinces, such that, there is evident over-representation in the western end of Canada. One factor for the increased over-representation of Aboriginal offenders in the criminal justice system may be due to “impoverished background, unstable familial environment, substance use, and negative peer associations” (Annie K Yessine & James Bonta, 2009) Another factor accounting for over-representation of aboriginal delinquents may be racial profiling, a study conducted by Willaim Chambliss (1973) concluded that authorities have a systematic observation of the visual delinquents from a lower Socio-economic status compared to delinquents of a higher economic status, which may account for higher rates of punishable crime of lower SES delinquents …show more content…
A statistical study shows that Canada’s incarceration rate “vary substantially across provinces” as in the western Provinces (Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Alberta), the rate is about 30 aboriginals per 100,000 people compared to the eastern province which have a rate of 10 aboriginals per 100,000. Such that, western provinces have about 2 to 3 times higher rate of aboriginal incarceration than eastern provinces (Roland Neil &Jason T. Carmichael,
In 1892 the Canadian Criminal Code was proclaimed for a country that was never thought of to become a nation with more than 35 million individuals and as developed as it is politically, socially, and economically. Our great nation has expanded into an ever changing and transitioning society that as it moves forward crimes are committed across the board by individuals of Canada’s various different races and cultures, where in which sentences are demanded to ensure Canada remains fair and just. The 1892 Criminal Code didn’t account for the developments, expansions, and transitions that Canada has endured over a hundred years, and Canada looks nothing like it did in 1892. Due to the changes, our provinces and territories have all developed substantially;
(King 64) explains the idea of residential schools and how the colonizer culture successfully broke up indigenous families and assimilated children into the settler culture. The culture clash between the Native Canadians and colonizer population was a problem to the western society and was unfortunately solved by the attempted termination of the indigenous culture. Once again, Thomas King portrays indigenous people by stereotypical means. The "wild" refers to them as being animals, savages and uneducated along with tagging them, similarly how hunters tag animals to keep track of them possibly due to them being a threat to society. All these effects of colonialism have caused
Colonization dbq In colonial America the 13 colonies were not united as they are today they each had their own ideas about religion, politics, and society. Many people came to America to find religious freedom, but they were not as opened minded as some people may think. Each region had its own religion who tended to keep to each other and outside religions were frowned upon. However Maryland’s act of toleration says that no form of Christianity shall be in any way troubled (doc1).
The French-Canadians in Lower Canada did not trust the British, they didn’t speak English, and they found British rule without democracy difficult to accept. Control of the colony was in the hands of an oligarchy of merchants and ex-army officers. English seemed to have most of the advantages which made the French feel like their culture was being attacked. Discrimination against the French, unequal taxation and lack of power within the government became the main focus of reform in Lower Canada. The French-Canadians preferred a democratic government.
Essay Outline The human race that inhabited the lands earlier than anyone else, Aboriginals in Canada had conquered many obstacles which got them to what they are today. In the past, Canadian Aboriginals have dealt with many gruesome issues that primarily involved the Canadians opposing them or treating them like ‘‘wards.’’ The Indian Act is a written law which controls the Indian’s lives and it is often amended several times to make Indian lives either peaceful or cruel but especially, cruel. Aboriginals found the Indian Act a massive problem in their lives due to it completely controlling them and how they lived on their reserve.
Canada had very similar foreign policy to that of Woodrow Wilson’s missionary diplomacy because Canada also used the idea of promoting democracy to secure and further their economic expansion. Todd Gordon’s and Jefferey Webber’s book, Canadian Imperialism in Latin America, argues that the Canadian government justified intervention in the Latin America because they wanted to promote democracy, but really, the Canadian government was just interested in the expansion of its markets in the Andes. Gordon and Webber agree that democracy promotion was one of the United States’ key foreign policy strategies in the world and as Latin American countries started to nationalize their domestic industries and created policies to push Canadian corporations
n the twentieth century the Government of Canada decided to increase the number of immigrants coming into Canada, this step was taken to include individuals from countries where English was not the first language. The immigration policy led to an inflow of immigrants from all over the world. Now Canada welcomes between 240,000 to 265,000 people each year (Government of Canada, n.d.). An immigrant is a person who moves from their home country to another country for permanent residency (Merriam Webster, n.d.). The highest number of immigrants come from the Philippines (Government of Canada, n.d.).
Indigenous people are incarcerated at much higher rates than non-Indigenous in Canada and are incarcerated for longer periods of time (Cook & Roesh, 2012, p.222). Canadians have put Indigenous communities through much heartache and pain. With the colonization of Indigenous people to residential schools, Canadians continue to stigmatize and treat Indigenous people poorly. Indigenous people are more likely to suffer from drug abuse using needles because of the intergenerational trauma suffered through their parents attending residential schools in Canada (Bombay, Matheson, & Anisman, 2014, p. 327). This puts them at a higher criminal risk than others because of what they have been subjected to.
Carding involved racial profiling and exclusion was prominent in the black community. Today in society, areas where black people live are heavily policed in the name of crime prevention, therefore harsh judgements were made by not only the police but of other races. The evidence in the article “The Skin I’m In” by Desmond Cole proves that, carding influences our criminal justice system because 9.3 percent of Canadian prisoners were black compared to 2.9 percent of the population at large. Many black men were pleading guilty to avoid a criminal record. In 2009-2013, 15 percent of black inmates were assigned to maximum security, compared to 10 percent
The rate Missing and Murdered Indigenous Woman in disproportionality high in Canada in comparison to other missing and murdered woman in Canada. Currently there has been “1017 aboriginal female homicide victims between 1980-2012. Of all these cases 225 of them have gone unsolved”(Missing and Murdered Aboriginal Women: A National Overview,2014). There are various factors in which play some type of contribution to The rate Missing and Murdered Indigenous Woman extreme high rates in Canada.
There were many significant successes and failures during the colonization of North America by the British. One thing that is a major success is that Britain was able to hold onto a colony of a very large area from 1607 which was the start of Jamestown, to 1775; the start of the United States, and even then Britain still had a fair amount of land in Canada after the revolution. One thing that is a significant failure of the colonization of North America is all the conflict that arose because of it. Another thing that is very significant that can be seen as both a success of Britain, and a failure is the creation of the United States. This can be seen as both a great accomplishment, and a great failure for Britain.
Coker gives great evidence that supports racial injustice in the criminal justice system. She discusses on the Supreme Court’s rulings and accusations of racial preference in the system. This article is helpful because it supports my thesis on race playing a role on the system of criminal justice. Hurwitz, J., & Peffley, M. (1997). Public perceptions of race and crime: The role of racial stereotypes.
By doing this, colonial Canadians assumed that aboriginal cultural and spiritual beliefs were invalid in relation to European beliefs (244). The problem with ridding the First Nations Peoples of their languages, as Williston points out is to “deprive them of the sense of place that has defined them for thousands of years” (245). The private schooling system was an attack on First Nations identities, and their identity is rooted in “a respect for nature and its processes” (245).
Youth crime in Canada has decreased overall but that does not mean crime has disappeared as there are cases where youths. Studies have shown that the “typical” method of justice, through incarceration has not made a huge impact on juvenile offenders ( S.M. Tarolla et al. 127). Which makes this topic so important because if young offenders are not given the right help and treatment they could continue onto the adult criminal justice system. Furthermore, if there is a way to identify recidivism, and provide help for young offenders then we would be adhering to the goals of the criminal justice system which is to rehabilitate and put people back into society as productive peoples.
The colonization of Indigenous peoples has dramatically affected their health, and health-seeking behaviours, in a myriad of ways. The Indian Act of 1876 was, in essence, created to control the Indigenous population. The Indian Act laid out laws and regulations that tightly regulated the lives of natives economically, ideologically, and politically. This included a wealth of ways in which their identities were stripped away, and in which they were taken advantage of by the Government of Canada. This has resulted in a reduced quality of life for Canada 's indigenous population, as well as adverse health problems, and prejudicial perceptions that we still see the impact of today.