DBQ: Achievements And Contributions Of The Islamic Civilization

Advancements in mathematics, such as the abacus allowed for efficient calculations of different things such as censuses and accounts for goods. The Mongols used Indian and Arabic mathematical advancements for more efficient and complex calculations. As well as mathematics, historical writings led to the development of a new, global culture by influencing the ways the Mongol reigned over their subjects. The Mongols added their own styles of rule to these writings led to the development of a new, global culture. Technological knowledge, like printing, led to the development of a new, global culture by allowing for information to be disseminated across the globe.

Finally some more Islamic achievements are spreading throughout the world. (Doc. 9) These are some of the most achievements the Islams have had. Muslims supported the advancement of science. Rulers wanted to be treated by proper and qualified physicians.

After the death of Muhammad in 632 CE, a rift occurred within the Islamic community. There was a vacancy for leadership and a question of who was qualified to fill it. At that time the companions of the Prophet were elected to be central leaders and were known as Caliphs. The way in which Caliphs were elected, and who succeeded them, is where the difference between Sunni and Shia begins.

The early Islamic empire expanded using three methods. These methods included military conquest, political means, and financial incentives. First, the Islamic empire expanded through military force. According to the document A: battle of Yarmuck, the battle was fierce and bloody. 24,000 Muslims took part and 70,000 Greeks were put to death.

Between the late 600’s to 700’s, Islamic civilization spread to encompass such an extensive empire by using economic and political practices. They used tactics such as required taxes and tributes for non-Muslims in Arabia by using peaceful coercion, by raiding neighborhood areas for resources, and by deploying a violent self-defense approach against those who opposed against them. The Muslims utilized a false sense of acceptance towards non-Muslims and took advantage of neighboring areas to further themselves economically. The Muslims gave off an appearance of a false-acceptance towards non-Muslims, such as Jews or Christians, in the Arabian Peninsula.

Along with their advancements in architecture, the Mayans also developed a complex calendar. The construction of this calendar came from many years of studying astronomy, and developing hieroglyphic writing. Along

Their architectural planning was highly advanced, and their buildings were mathematically sound. This means that the Mayan civilization was also very advanced. (Doc B) This genius thinking behind these buildings is what made the Mayans great. It is hard to imagine an average person today thinking outside of the box to create masterpieces like the Mayan buildings.

The Ottoman and Mughal empires both used Islam in their culture, economy, wars, and society. It influenced their art, the way they treated non-Muslims, their motivations for war. It is important to note that both empires were influenced differently by their majority religion. However, both the Ottomans and Mughals were heavily influenced as Islam was a major part of everyday life from the art to the bureaucracy.

The Aztec's major accomplishments were in art, architecture, literature, mathematics, and technology. The Aztecs were accomplished, artists and architects. They made beautiful objects from natural materials. The Aztecs designed and built a great capital city. They built avenues, canals, long causeways, aqueducts, and dikes.

Expansion of Islamic empire “by Allah’s help, some 70,000 of them (the Greeks) were put to death. ”(document A). Battle what does that mean? Does it mean conquering, fighting, killing.

The development of modern day architecture is very fascinating. Even though it has a very significant difference to architecture in the past, it still has many similarities. Many famous buildings we have today still show the same basic designs. For example, the Lincoln Memorial is very similar to the Parthenon.

The early Islamic empire has expanded throughout the years and over time. Throughout the Documents I found out that the Islamic empire expanded by coming together and reunited. In Document A I found that the Muslims gathered gather together, the Greeks and their followers tied themselves together therefore none of them could run away. In Document C it says that they were granting of gifts which remained the practice of Muhammad which eventually institutionalized. I think that meant that Muhammad remained going toward established as part of the government.

The importance of “Islam” is peace and submission, therefore a person who follows or believes this religion is called a Muslim (Introduction to Islam). The Qur’an is the holy book of Islam which means “the timeless words of god”. In the Qur’an Muslims believed god had revealed 99 prophet of his name. Muslims honor several prophets in addition to one of them is Prophet Mohammad. In 570 A.D the prophet Mohammad was born in the Mecca he also was the founder of Islam.

But the construction of these architectural landmarks was not easy to make, there was a prerequisite of some form of advanced math and geometry. But they used math for other things as well such as, numbers to keep track of business transactions. The Ancient Egyptians were the first

A civilization’s architecture not only shows the artistic skills of its designers and builders but also the functionality of its engineers, the power of its government, and the inventiveness of its people. Architecture was a crucial element to the success of two major cites in Europe, Rome and Athens. Each city had structures consisting of formal architecture like temples and basilicas showing the influence that its leaders had over each city, while utilitarian buildings like bridges and aqueducts helped build communication between distant cities throughout each empire. Though architecture as a whole was an important role in unifying the cities, the architecture design within each illustrates the similarities and differences between two.