Dehydration Of 2-Methylcyclohexanol Lab Report

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Abstract In this experiment, the reaction kinetics of the hydrolysis of t-butyl chloride, (CH3)3CCl, was studied. The experiment was to determine the rate constant of the reaction, as well as the effects of solvent composition on the rate of reaction. A 50/50 V/V isopropanol/water solvent mixture was prepared and 1cm3 of (CH3)3CCl was added. At specific instances, aliquots of the reaction mixture were withdrawn and quenched with acetone.

In this experiment, dehydration and dehydrobromination

Leah Romero 10/30/2017 Conclusion Lab 3 Chem 102L In lab 3, fundamentals of chromatography, the purpose was to examine how components of mixtures can be separated by taking advantage of different in physical properties. A huge process in this lab was paper chromatography, which was used to isolate food dyes that are found in different drink mixes. The different chromatograms of FD&C dyes were compared to identify which dyes are present in each of the mixes.

The purpose of this experiment was to learn about metal hydride reduction reactions. Therefore, the sodium borohydride reduction of the ketone, 9-fluorenone was performed to yield the secondary alcohol, 9-fluorenol. Reduction of an organic molecule usually corresponds to decreasing its oxygen content or increasing its hydrogen content. In order to achieve such a chemical change, sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is used as a reducing agent. There are other metal hydrides used in the reduction of carbonyl groups such as lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4).

Cyclohexanes give off an extremely high, unfavorable energy due to the spatial orientation of the atoms. Since these atoms are proximally close steric hindrance is observed. When comparing planar cyclohexanes with a chair conformation of a cyclohexane it is important to note how severe the angle strain, torsional strain, and steric strain could be. In planar cyclohexanes the torsional strain and angle strain is quite severe; this is because all C-C bonds are eclipsed (torsional) and all of the internal bond angles deviate from 109° to 120° (angle). Although, the chair conformation of cyclohexane shows no angle strain (all bond angles are 109°), no torsional strain (all C-C bonds are staggered), and minimal steric strain (due to the absence

This product undergoes base catalysed hydration giving dibenzalacetone. Sodium hydroxide is a catalyst in the reaction because the NaOH reacts with water. Following this is then the

The mixture was then distilled. When the temperature was reached to about 59℃, half vial of distillate (1V) and 1 mL of the liquid residue (1L) were collected. For 61.0℃, the distillation was then continued. Samples (2V, 2L) were taken at about 61.0℃.

CLAIRE MUNTING 29/01/2018 Criterion C EFFECTS OF SURFACE AREA OF CALCIUM CARBONATE UPON RATE OF REACTION Calcium Carbonate Chips 1 Introduction: Within the current investigation, the effects of the surface area of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) in combination with Hydrochloric acid (HCl) upon its rate of reaction. CaCO3, commonly referred to as limestone, is an organic substance and is, in a sense, the crystallised “carbonic salt” of the element, calcium2. In addition to being a salt, the pH level of Calcium Carbonate is 9.91, and it is therefore, a basic substance, due to the fact that it is comprised of a pH level higher than 7, which is neutral3. HCl, however, is the bodily acid found in the stomach of human beings.

There are multiple points both at 43°C and at 72°C which indicates that liquid was collected at these temperatures. Based on this information, it would appear that two different liquids were present in solution and that one liquid has a boiling point of approximately 43°C and that the other has a boiling point of approximately 72°C. The literature value boiling point for DCM in is reported to be about 40°C and it is about 80°C for cyclohexane. Based on the graph, DCM was collected from 4 ml to 22 ml, thus 18 ml of DCM was collected.

The fractions in the fractional distillation such as N-hexane, isohexane, methyl cyclopentane have normal boiling point close to cyclohexane which makes the recovery of cyclohexane uneconomic and difficult. 2. Quantity of cyclohexane recovered is not enough to meet the current demand since the cyclohexane content of naphtha is about 5%- 15% by weight .3 Selection of Pathway to Cyclohexane (2) Hydrogenation of Benzene: C6H6 +3H2 →

During rotation of separatory flask the pressure was created inside and after the release of the pressure through the stem a little bump was observed. After the 5 minutes the methanol was rich with caffeine and its previously translucent white color changed to bright green. After the drying the crude caffeine was pale green color.

Introduction: In this lab, of water in a hydrate, or a substance whose crystalline structure is bound to water molecules by weak bonds, is determined by heating up a small sample of it. By heating, the water of hydration, or bound water, is removed, leaving only what is called an anhydrous compound. Based on the percent water in the hydrate, it can be classified as one of three types: BaCl2O ⋅ 2H20, with a percent water of about 14.57%, CuSO4

For the preparation of the catalyst, tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS, Merck; purity> 99.9%) was dissolved in anhydrous ethyl alcohol (CH3CH2OH, Merck; purity>99.9%) under stirring for homogenization within 15 min at room temperature. After that, 3-aminopropyl(trimethoxy)silane (APS) was added to the ethanolic solution and mixed for >15 min. Then, Salicylaldehyde was added to the solution of TEOS and APS. The molar ratio of TEOS/APS/ Salicylaldehyde was 5:1:1. Then, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O (0.5mol) was added to above solution and was kept at 80 °C for 12h under reflux.

Introduction The term chromatography actually means colour writing, and signifies a technique by which the substance to be examined is placed in a vertical glass tube containing an adsorbent, the different segments of the substance traveling through the adsorbent at distinctive rates of velocity, according to their degree of attraction to it, and producing bands of colour at different levels of the adsorption column. The substances least absorbed emerge earliest; those more strongly absorbed emerge later. (Wixom et al., 2011) In chromatography of all types, there is a mobile phase and a stationary phase.