This experiment is set up the study the effect of different sodium bicarbonate concentrations on the rate of photosynthesis in spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and other photoautotrophs synthesize organic compounds from carbon dioxide (Faculty of Science and Horticulture, 2018). Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast of a plant cell, where sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide are used in a reaction to produce oxygen and sugar (Reese 2017). In the photosynthesis reaction carbon dioxide is reduced to make sugar and water is oxidized to make oxygen. In this experiment oxygen production is being used to measure the rate of photosynthesis. This is done by removing the air from the leaf discs and submerging …show more content…
Fifteen leaf discs were placed in a syringe with water and using the syringe the air was vacuumed out of the leaf discs. The discs were then transferred to a plastic cup with distilled water were the discs sunk to the bottom of the plastic cup. Then the discs were timed on how long it took for half of the fifteen discs to float to the surface. For the treatment groups different concentrations of sodium bicarbonate were added to the distilled water to change the conditions for the leaf discs. After recording the rates of photosynthesis, the mean was calculated by taking the rates measured and adding them together, then dividing by the number of replicants to find the average between them all. To calculate variance, you take the sum of the individual recordings minus the mean and then squared, divided by the total number of replicants minus one. To find standard deviation you take standard deviation and square root it. The 95% confidence interval is found by taking the mean plus/minus standard deviation divided by the square root of the total number of …show more content…
The variation of the concentration of sodium bicarbonate will have an effect on the rate of photosynthesis of spinach (Spinacia oleracea). In this experiment it was ultimately found that the 95% confidence interval bars of treatment group 1 and treatment group 2 overlap, however none of the treatment groups overlap with each other or the control. This shows that there is a difference in the rate of photosynthesis when exposed to increasing amounts of sodium bicarbonate. This leads us to reject the null hypothesis and provides support for the alternative hypothesis. The variation of the concentration of sodium bicarbonate will have an effect on the rate of photosynthesis of spinach (Spinacia oleracea). As the amount of sodium bicarbonate increased the rate of photosynthesis also increased, this is because bicarbonate provides carbon dioxide (CO2) for the photosynthetic reaction which was also found in the experiment: An Assay Utilizing Leaf Disks (Guy, 1985). When completing this experiment there was one mane issue with our experiment that might have affected the results. The main issue that was faced was when the leaf disks were being exposed to the higher percentages of sodium bicarbonate while they were being vacuumed in the syringe. We found that the sodium bicarbonate was reacting with the leaf disks before they were placed
Hypothesis: If one-day pinto bean seedlings are soaked in a water solution, 1% NaCl solution, and 3% NaCl solution, the seedlings exposed to higher sodium concentrations will have decreased cellular respiration rates. Treatments: This experiment involved three treatments and a control. The goal of the experiment was to see how different levels of NaCl affect the rates of cellular respiration in day-old pinto bean seedlings.
Can Alka-Seltzer Act as a Buffer Against Acid Rain? Background: Acid rain is a product of rainfall being tainted by atmospheric pollution. This also means that it has high levels of hydrogen ions. When acid rain falls it has negative effects on natural environments such as aquatic life, plants, and infrastructure.
The plant used in this lab was Phaseolus vulgaris, or the common bean. This plant does C3 photosynthesis. First, my partner and I got two pots with a bean plant in each. In order to get the most accurate and relevant results when compared to one another, the bean plants were relatively the same size. The plants beforehand each had two larger leaves, three smaller leaves, and three leaves in bud form.
Transpiration refers to the loss of water within plants, as well as the uptake and movement of water through their roots("Water and Solute Potential," n.d.). The plant that was used in this experiment
The purpose of this lab was to measure the amount of CO2 gas given off by germinated peas under certain conditions of light. We conjectured that the more amount of light the peas are exposed to, the higher the respiration rate they will have. Our data supported this because it showed that the germinated peas that were exposed to light 24 hours before the experiment had a steeper slope (as seen in table 1), therefore having a greater respiration rate. The peas that were not exposed to any light 24 hours before the experiment had a reduced rate because of its lack of exposure to light. Both pea’s respiration rates showed that the more light the peas were exposed to, the greater respiration rate they would have (Figure 1).
Lettuce: (10-5)/25 = 0.2 Poinsettia: (0-0)/25 = 0 What was the role of the sodium bicarbonate in this experiment? The sodium bicarbonate provides carbon dioxide necessary for the photosynthesis process.
Because carbon dioxide is absorbed by the plant during photosynthesis less carbon dioxide present in the chamber is a sign that photosynthesis is working. The four lights used for this experiment range across the light spectrum on both sides in order to test a wider variety of wavelengths. All lights will be placed directly on the spinach leaf at the same distance so as not to give any spinach leaf a different light intensity, which could affect the data. This experiment will be able to show which light, ranging across the light spectrum, will allow the Spinach to perform photosynthesis more efficiently.
The most important result from this experiment is that it suggested that the increase of Carbon Dioxide, will drastically increase the growth mountain maple in the covered (from the sun) parts in a forest, in the meantime any increase in the temperature of the soil will nullify the increase of light, as we know is to be the main ingredient for photosynthesis. 5. The authors do not use any citations in the
These findings show that the null hypothesis is rejected, and that there is a major difference between the observed and expected values. It is also observed that in the data in Figure 1.1, as the concentration of the NaHCO3 increases, the greater the production of oxygen. The highest photosynthetic rate is in at a 1.0% concentration of NaHCO3and the lowest in at a 0.1% concentration of NaHCO3. It is also important to note that the 0.4% concentration of NaHCO3 had a greater oxygen production than the 0.6% concentration of NaHCO3.
These enzymes catalyze the light-independent reactions (Rate of photosynthesis: limiting factors). As the enzymes approach approach their optimum temperature, they begin to work faster and therefore increase the rate of photosynthesis (Photosynthesis). Some of the factors that could have affected the results of this lab and caused the outlier were the temperature of the solutions not being maintained throughout the entire duration of the experiment and also not properly taking all of the gases out of the mesophyll cells and replacing it with the baking soda solution. Future research can include performing this experiment on different types of plants that do photosynthesis to add to the existing data of this
photosynthesis and cellular respiration are extremely important in the cycle of energy to sustain life simply because nutrients would not metabolize in a productive manner. Both have numerous stages in which the process of energy occurs, and relationships with organelles located in the eukaryotic cell. Photosynthesis is a process by which green plant and other organism manufacture their food using sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water while cellular respiration is the oxidation of organic compounds that occurs within cells, producing energy for cellular processes. Photosynthesis occurs within organelles called chloroplasts. These organelles can absorb light, and are located inside of leaves.
The Effect of Sugar Concentration on CO2 Production by Cellular Respiration in Yeast Introduction In this lab, our main focus was to find how sugar concentration affect yeast respiration rates. This was to simulate the process of cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process that cells use to transfer energy from the organic molecules in food to ATP (Adenosine Tri-Phosphate). Glucose, CO2, and yeast (used as a catalyst in this experiment) are a few of the many vital components that contribute to cellular respiration.
Introduction: In this task I will be researching the effect that acid rain has on the rate of plant growth. Acid rain is any type of precipitation with a high pH, with high levels of nitric acids. The reason why I had chosen this topic was because acid rain seems to have a great effect on the effect of plant growth, and plants play a very important role in our ecosystem. Acid rain is a major problem in our environment when we are not able to neutralize the acidity.
The water moves up the roots against gravity through the dead xylem cells without the assistance of a pump. Water is absorbed by the plant through the roots through the process of osmosis, which then exits the plant through the openings of the leaves, known as the stomata. Water is able to move up the roots of the plants by cohesion and adhesion. This is an important process that plants must go through in order to obtain H+ ions from the water which are required to perform photosynthesis.
Introduction Plants are a major necessity in the balance of nature, people’s lives, and our terrain. We may not realize it, but plants are the ultimate source of food for almost 95% of the world population so says the National Group of Food. It’s a fact that over 7,000 species of plants are being consumed today. Plants are one of the reasons that we get clean water; as they help regulate the water cycle.