The contextual ideals of an era influence a composer’s depiction of an ideal leader through their characterisation. Niccolo Machiavelli’s political treatise The Prince (1513) explores the requirements of a successful leader. Through the exploration of a leader’s violent nature toward the populace and the importance in the manipulation the citizens and public thought, Machiavelli reveals the requirements of a good leader. These ideals expressed by Machiavelli are evident in William Shakespeare’s tragedy Julius Caesar (1599). Although contextual differences are apparent, the differing texts reflect similar ideas in relation to the attributes of a good leader. Through the composer’s depiction of leadership, Machiavelli and Shakespeare reveal the …show more content…
“Antony is but a limb of Caesar” The simile of Antony being a limb of Caesar reveals Brutus’ blindness to the importance of Antony. Brutus’ avoidance of violence and cruelty leads to his eventual downfall. Through this representation, Shakespeare reflects Machiavelli’s view that a good leader is one who is willing to use violence to achieve their goal. “If an injury has to be done to a man it should be so severe that his vengeance need not be feared.” Machiavelli’s use of imperatives conveys a sense that violence is a necessity for a leader to be successful. It reveals that to be successful, one must be feared. Machiavelli’s belief was that violence was the most effective method in creating this fear. The ideal leader, in Machiavelli’s opinion, was the son of Pope Alexander VI, Cesare Borgia. “Cesare Borgia was thought to be cruel, yet his cruelty restored order to Romagna.” Through Machiavelli’s representation of his ideal leader, Cesare Borgia, he expresses the importance of cruelty in establishing and holding power. As Machiavelli developed his principles from Borgia’s leadership, he communicates that for a leader to be successful and feared, he must be cruel. Accordingly, Shakespeare’s representation of Julius Caesar reveals him as a successful warrior and leader of Rome. Caesar’s military success depicts him as a violent and cruel leader, the ideal leader by Machiavellian principle. “The evil that men do lives after them; the good is oft interred with their bones.” Antony’s juxtaposing ideas of good and evil conveys that Caesar will be remembered for his violent nature rather than the good that he achieved. Caesar’s violence with his army reflects Machiavelli’s beliefs on the requirements of a good leader. Through this, it is evident that Shakespeare drew on Machiavellian principles surrounding the violence of a leader to present his view of an ideal
The Prince: A Decidedly unMedieval Piece of Work The Prince, written by Niccolo Machiavelli, was a secular handbook that dealt with modern statecraft and leadership. In fact, this was the first modern book that discussed political science. This book has influenced many well-known leaders, such as Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler. This essay will discuss the past behaviours of Machiavelli to prove that this book, The Prince, is a decidedly unMedieval piece of work which does not follow the idea of living life so that it is worthy of respect and honour, as stated in the Medieval Code of Chivalry.
As Antony was continuing to deliver his speech, he brought out Caesar’s body and states “Through this the well-beloved Brutus stabbed, and as he plucked his cursed steel away,”(III, ii,177-178). Although Antony’s claim about seeing Caesar being stabbed is false, the body of Caesar is evidence; that Brutus and the conspirators did murder Caesar. Antony uses Caesar’s body as an example and evidence that the conspirators are cruel and corrupted. As a result, the graphic detail about the stabbing caused an outraged by the people. Antony’s evidence overpowers the effectiveness Brutus’ speech on the people, thus the citizens now believe that Brutus and the Senate are vicious.
Consequently, Machiavelli gathered, the ruler needs to get a decent notoriety while really doing whatever wrong appears vital in the circumstances. Along these lines, rulers must appear to be liberal while using their cash shrewdly, seem, by all accounts, to be empathetic while managing their armed forces cold-bloodedly, and act with incredible clever while developing a notoriety for integrity. Despite the fact that it is alluring to be both adored and dreaded by one's subjects, it is hard to accomplish both, and of the two, Machiavelli pronounced, it is far more secure for the ruler to be
The Triumph of Emotional Appeal: Antony's Speech in Julius Caesar" Killing people isn’t a good thing and is rather a bad thing. Many people kill as they were convincing by others like how we see Brutus do to his best friend, Julius Caesar, who was killed. Although the group of senators tricked and ordered Brutus to kill Caesar because he was gaining too much support and power giving Brutus an advantage and more support, Antony delivers the more effective speech by showing us both ethos and pathos in his speech. Anthony uses pathos in his speech. He was my friend, faithful and just to me Act 3 scene 2, chunk 2 line 1.
Shakespeare shows Antony’s decline of power perhaps nowhere better than when he depicts Antony as man who involves himself in wild, directed violence. This kind of behaviour suggest incompetence rather than strength. When Antony sees the servant Thidias kiss the hand of Cleopatra, he orders for him to be
In Julius Caesar, by William Shakespeare, Antony remarks in the end of the play, ‘“All the conspirators save only he Did that they did in envy of great Caesar; He only, in a general honest thought”. Brutus, throughout the play, struggles with himself as he strives to become honorable, a main theme in the play. He, as an honest man, did what he thought was right. He killed Caesar, but to him it was the right thing to do. Brutus struggles with this decision and through soliloquys and rhetoric devices we are allowed insight into what he is going through.
In Niccolo Machiavelli's book, The Prince (1513), he evaluates on how a prince can be a successful leader. Machiavelli’s purpose of this guidebook was to construct his argument to the rising ruler Giuliano de Medici for when he comes to power in Florence. He adopts a casual but authoritative tone in order to convince the prince that Machiavelli’s evaluation on how to be the best prince, is the right thing for the prince to do without coming off as he knows more than the prince or is trying to intimidate him.. Machiavelli’s reference to previous rulers and whether their tactics failed or succeeded helps to benefit his credibility along with his allusion to historic text. He appeals to our logic by simply stating a prince can only do what is within his power to control, and his use of an analogy furthers his argument.
A person’s ability to thrive is determined by their ability to broaden the perspective and potential of others for the better. While serving for the Florentine Republic under Pier Soderini, Machiavelli’s dedication and input on matters were greatly valued. He was awarded the honor as Soderini’s most trusted assistant through his precise judgment, detailed explanations, and endless love for Italy (Donno 1). Machiavelli always searched beyond limits and preconceived notions set in society; the wisdom, honesty and accuracy of his statements were what made them so widely accepted, as an advisor’s “words will be the more welcome the more freely they are spoken” (Machiavelli 88). Nothing constrained his thought process, thus making his perspective vital to his superiors as he examined matters for what they truly were.
Shakespeare’s “Julius Caesar”, surely was meant for entertainment and to be informative, on the other hand it also displays complexity of humans. Shakespeare constantly uses the writing format of ethos, pathos and logos throughout this play. Ethos and pathos are used to persuade people in devious ways, as Brutus is persuaded to overthrow Caesar and become the new Emperor of Rome. Shakespeare wrote “Julius Caesar” for later generations to remember the history, which took place, as he did state, this play shall be rehearsed in various forms. Although his main intention is to entertain people with his play and to show how easy people in negative or positive aspects manipulate their peers.
Machiavelli was not looking for princes to become cruel, militant tyrants, but rather wanted effectiveness to unite a kingdom and to unite the people. Through Francesco Sforza, Cesare Borgia, and even Pope Julius II, the author is stating the unspoken truth, supporting it with the figures he derived inspiration, those who used underhanded methods when needed to hold reigns on their power, that "for a man who strives after goodness in all his acts is sure to come to ruin, since there are so many men who are not good. Hence it is necessary that a prince who is interested in his survival learn to be other than good, making use of his capacity or refraining from it according to need" (Machiavelli
In his work, Machiavelli asked the now famous question of "whether it be better to be loved than feared or feared than loved? It may be answered that one should wish to be both, but, because it is difficult to unite them in one person, it is much safer to be feared than loved, when, of the two, either must be dispensed with" (Machiavelli 409). He proposed in his writing that if all men were good, there would be no need for these tactics, but since this is not the case, violence and fear is a necessary evil. This comes back to the main synopsis of Machiavelli 's work that is the ends justify the means. A ruler may want to be favorable among his subjects and be considered a good ruler, but at maintaining power and peace in the kingdom is top priority.
Machiavelli believed that men will follow a ruler as long as the ruler serves their interests, and a quick to turn against the ruler unless they fear great punishment. Machiavelli would say that it is best to be feared rather than loved as long as the fear does not cause hate, which he believed to be perfectly possible.
The Prince, by Niccolò Machiavelli which was originally “distributed in 1513” (Machiavelli), is a formal discourse over how a leader will obtain and preserve government power with their subjects and the realm of which they rule. Machiavelli’s Qualities of the Prince emphasizes on what makes a good leader, and he especially claims that a prince should “make himself feared in such a manner that he will avoid hatred” and if “he must take someone’s life, he should do so when there are proper justification and manifest cause,” “but, above all, he should avoid the property of others.” Because a new prince has to use force to establish order, he cannot avoid acquiring a reputation for cruelty, Machiavelli insists, though he admits that it would be best for a leader to be both feared and loved, and that a leader could be both feared and loved if he succeeded in establishing and maintaining order where there had been none. However, since it is difficult to be both loved and feared, Machiavelli cautions, it is safer
Consequently, both Machiavelli and Shakespeare voice a leader must commit immoral behaviour to gain power in spite of sacrificing their honour and
This is a work that still influences us today and is still relevant in today’s complex society. Some of the most prominent leaders of the 20th century have been influenced by Machiavellian ideas. U.S Presidents like Richard Nixon and Bill Clinton and U.K Prime Minister Anthony Blair are called Machiavellian leaders today. According to Machiavelli a prince must focus all his serious time and energy to war and how to wage it (Machiavelli, 31).