Food Vacuoles Lab Report

(Steppuhn, A., Gase, K., Krock, B., Halitschke, R., & Baldwin, I. T.) This experiment examines the natural defense mechanism of a tobacco plant, and its effects. Approximately 5% of a tobacco plant constitutes a naturally occurring alkaloid, nicotine, which functions as a resistant factor against herbivore pests. (Bennett, R. N., & Wallsgrove, R. M.) Nicotine is toxic to most herbivores through its interaction with the nervous system. Nicotine acts as a blocking agent to certain neurotransmitters, which are responsible for regulation of physical processes.

The data observed and recorded in this lab shows that the concentration of miracle gro’ does affect the growth rate and germination speed of black eyed peas. The data is shown through two graphs and two data tables. The control group in this experiment is the seeds with a 0% concentration of miracle gro’, therefore the seeds with just water. The experimental groups are different concentrations of miracle gro’ including a 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% concentration. The variable in this experiment is the amount/concentration of miracle gro’.

During this type of therapy indvauls utilzie a product that provides their body with nicotine which help to kill the cravings that are asociated with tobbaco. Typically these products come in the form of gum and patches. However, resreach suggest that e-cigarretes are one of the most effecctive means of nicotine rpelacement therapy. Promotes a Healthier lifestyle Another benefit they have to ffer is the fact that it can help to promote the concept of exersccing to smokers.

For instance, we could not conclude that mitochondrial activity is present in Supernatant II. However, our experiment showed that the boiled corn kernels did not undergo any mitochondrial activity while the raw corn kernels did. This might indicate that raising the temperature might have an effect on the function of dehydrogenase. Moreover, our found that starch granules are present in both sediment I and the “gunk”. Indeed, some parts of this experiment were not successful because the procedure was not followed

Additionally, it was difficult obtaining a piece of rhubarb that was thin and particularly red, therefore the effect could not be best observed in the cells. Part B: Design your own experiment Parts of this practical were taken and slightly altered from the following link http://www.markedbyteachers.com/gcse/science/investigate-the-effect-of-surface-area-on-osmosis-in-potato-tissue.html Aim: To observe the effect different surface area: volume ratios have on osmosis in potato tissue. Hypothesis: If the potato has a larger surface area: volume ratio, the quicker osmosis will take place and the larger the mass will be at the end of the experiment, therefore the difference in mass of the potatoes from the start of the experiment to the end of the experiment will be larger. Additionally, the potato pieces left in a saltwater solution will decrease in mass, whereas the pieces left in water will increase in mass.

In this lab, we separated into individual groups to create our modified recipes. We each had two hours, and our ingredients premeasured, allowing for a quick start to our cooking process. Each kitchen had to change a recipe to have a lower fat content as well as, sodium, sugar, carbohydrates or another healthy alternative. After a brief discussion, we began cooking our modified recipes. The recipe I chose to modify was biscuits and cocoa gravy, a sweet treat that is high in sugar content but very filling.

Lab 3 – DNA extraction and visualization Journal -Madhu Thalari. 1.Describe the laboratory exercise as you interpreted it.? Ans: This lab has given me methods to extrct DNA from both plant cells and animal cells. The main steps that are followed in both methods made me understand the reasons behind them. In order to extract DNA we need break the barriers(cell wall and cellmembrane), remove water, protiens and other unwanted material, make sure that the chemical we used should not damage DNA that we need and add flouroscent material to visualize the DNA.

- The DNA in an Animal cell would appear in larger quantities when compared to Plant Cells, the complexity of the Animal cell would also be greater than that of a Plant cell. - The cells of all animals and plants contain DNA in a Double Helix form, produced using the same four chemical nucleotides. - The plant cell has a rigid Cell Wall and a large Vacuole in comparison to the Animal Cell which has a relatively small Vacuole and is WITHOUT a Cell Wall. The passive diffusion process of Osmosis when regarding the Extraction Buffer and the Salt to Water concentration, would be smaller in the Animal cell due to the lack of a large Vacuole (amount of water); therefore the Water-Alcohol interface would become smaller resulting from the lack of water.

Methanol, has a molecule containing CH3OH it being the smallest, ethanol having more carbons and hydrogens than Methanol comes second, CH3CH2OH, and propanol, CH3CH2CH2OH, is the largest of the three molecules. Aim: The aim of this experiment is to see the effects of different alcohols and concentrations on the biological membrane of the beetroot. Research Question: How do different alcohols and concentrations affect the biological membrane of a beetroot? Hypothesis: As the alcohols increase in toxicity and concentration, the damaging and breaking down of the membrane will increase leading to more red pigment being released into the solution causing the absorption of the solute to increase.

Nicotine causes a person’s heart rate to increase since adrenaline is released. Also, it makes people stay alert, attentive, and reduces appetite. The reason why people may not want to quit smoking is because they might gain weight since the absence of nicotine will cause a decrease in the rate at which their body changes food to energy. Addiction will surely occur through the regular use of nicotine; nicotine can be just as addictive as heroin. People who stop smoking will feel nervous, drowsy, lack of energy, headaches, lightheadedness, insomnia, cramps, tremors, heart palpitations, sweating, and dizziness.

While walking down the sidewalk on a beautiful, sunny day, you walk in front of your favorite bakery which has it’s doors propped open and the gorgeous smells are trolling out of the sweet smelling bakery. You take a deep breathe in and all of a sudden are stopped mid-breathe by the scent of sour skittles. You look to your left and see a guy vaping, and the vapor coming from his device is eliminating the delicious scent of the bakery. Vaping has become a popular product on the market, but some of the effects it has on the body make it a worse choice than smoking. Those who vape are susceptible to bronchitis or severe cough, teary or dry eyes, and lung cancer.

Even the danger of passive smokers from the hazards of threefold active smoker. Dr Budhi Antariksa, Pulmonary Specialist from the Royal Taruma Hospital, said, as many as 25 percent of the hazardous substances contained in cigarettes goes into the body of the smoker, while 75 percent are circulating in the air that are at risk of getting into the body of people around

“When I was 12 years old I was going to science we were doing our safety lab so we were going to all the stuff she showed us the fire extinguisher and It went off and hit the table, it then went in my eye I think I was shocked that it went off I jumped up and ran back and forth I was freaking out, then my teacher got me and ran me to the eye washer and I walk back and was trying to help clean the mess, but my eye burned bad so I went to the clinic so they washed my eye out and told me to take off my shirt and she gave another one She called my dad to let me talk to him my eye was all red. I think my teacher thought that the pain was till I the think when she thought It was was saved to pick it up and pick it up

Worldwide, tobacco use causes about 90% of lung cancer deaths, 30% of all cancers, 20-25% of coronary heart diseases and stroke deaths, and more than 80% of chronic bronchitis and emphysema”. (Jordan 1). Secondly not only does it affect smokers but even people who don 't even partake in the activity of smoking cigarettes. Second hand smoke is a serious issue and can cause cancer almost easy as being an actual smoker can.

Biology Design Practical Joshua Edwards What are effects of the volume of a potato and the amount of weight it loses when placed in salt solution? Introduction This design practical uses a potato’s surface area to volume ratio to see what affects it has on osmosis in different concentrations. Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a cell membrane into an area of a higher solute concentration. The movement goes the way of the solvent with more solute because the lower solute concentration is drifting through balancing the ratio of solute per solvent (En.wikipedia.org, 2018).