Interparental Child Abuse

This paper will provide insight into the psychological effects of child abuse and offer recommendations for future research.

Emotional abuse as a child can cause aggressive and violent behavior throughout their life, no matter how old they are. Physical abuse as a child can cause periods of apathy where the victim is apathetic for a period of time. These are obvious explanations

H. (2010). Intimate Partner Violence. Pediatrics in Review / American Academy of Pediatrics, 31(4), 145–150. http://doi.org/10.1542/pir.31-4-145 Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory.

While the effects of abuse can be severe and long-lasting, children who have been abused or exposed to violence can and go on to have healthy and productive childhood and adult lives. Research has found that children exposed to violence, abuse, left unaddressed, or are ignored are at an increased risk of having emotional and/or behavioral problems in the future. Children who are abused may not be able to express their feelings safely and as a result, may develop difficulties regulating their emotions. In their adult, they may continue to develop a struggle with their feelings, and this may lead to depression or anxiety. Direct effects include: depression, anxiety, dissociation, difficulty concentrating, problems with learning, difficulty connecting with others, flashbacks, Increased hyper-vigilance, and difficulty sleeping.

Emotionally abused children can have lifelong pattern of anxiety, inappropriate relationships, lack of appreciation and a very low self-esteem. When it comes to self esteem issues, it can affect the confidence of a child within themselves and makes them insecure. The child will always feel as if they are never good enough for anything as expressed from the abuser. They also tend to become unfamiliar with concept of love and affection. Which will later become a problem because as an adult they will most likely have trouble recognizing and understanding the needs and feelings for their own children.

" of children witness such acts, and many of these children are physically abused. Children who are exposed to violence often evidence difficulties, including violent behav- ior, as adults. One hypothesized mode of intergenerational transmission is modeling. There is evidence that witnessing and/or experiencing violence are rela"

Home should be the fisrt place where the child feels comfortable because he is surrounded by his family. This is catastrophic for a family. Violence causes also many troubles and, in the article named “Children’s exposure too violence”. To describe how bad impacts of violence on children are, it is mentioned that “Children who are exposed to violence are more likely to suffer from attachment problems, regressive behavior, anxiety, and depression, and to have

The effects on children who are age five and older are a little different than those who are under the age of 5 and may affect areas involving psychological, social, physical, behavioral, and learning. The psychological effects of domestic violence include separation anxiety, low self-esteem, distress, PTSD and suicidal thoughts or attempts. The social effects may include aggressive play, isolation and bullying. The physical effects include bed-wetting and enuresis, hunger, and sickness. The behavioral effects may include extreme outbursts, poor attention and poor concentration.

The combination of these sources along with the book lead me to understand that childhood abuse has many negative effects that can impact someone emotionally and physically for life, even causing disease. Questioning what negative effects could happen from child abuse began when I read The Elegance of the Hedgehog by Muriel Barbery. The book is about the internal struggles of two extraordinarily intelligent women. Renee’s a poor concierge who works at a rich apartment building. Despite being a part of the lower class, Renee is very intelligent.

In the article “ The Developmental Impact of Child Abuse on Adulthood: Implications for Counselors,” Adultspan Journal explains the multiple effects of child abuse. The authors April Sikes and Dancia Hays explain how child abuse has an extremely negative effect on children as they transition into adulthood. These effects can be physical, social, and even mental. Being treated badly as a child increases the risks in social development. Some examples of this are substance abuse, criminal behavior, violence, and risky sexual behavior.

It is said that children who are mistreated by their parents and learned aggressive behaviors through social interaction went on to express these behaviors later in life and in their intimate relationships (Ehrensaft, Cohen, Brown, Smailes, Chen & Johnson, 2003). There is no doubt that witnessing and experiencing violence firsthand can increase one’s tolerance for violence and puts one at a greater risk for exhibiting the same behaviors as an adult. The intergenerational transmission of violence hypothesis also shows that childhood experiences from abuse or witnessing domestic

It may include constant criticism, threats or rejection, as well as withholding love, support or guidance. Emotional abuse is often difficult to prove and, therefore, Child Protective services may not be able to intervene without clear evidence of harm to the child(Effects of Child Abuse and Neglect. (n.d.).). Psychological.

Over the past decade, increasing research has been conducted on the prevalence of and the outcomes associated with children exposed to domestic violence (Kitzmann, Gaylord, Holt & Kenny, 2003). Children exposed to domestic violence may experience higher rates of externalizing and internalizing behaviors than their peers. The negative consequences of experiencing domestic violence have been observed from infancy to adolescents and in males and females (Evans, Davies & DiLillo, 2008). State laws regarding children’s exposure to domestic violence vary. Several states have no specific statues addressing this population (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Administration for Children and Families, 2012).

The last type of child abuse is psychological. A study involving 60 children was done that looked at the following things. These things include parents that decline, disregard and are violent their children. For decline this includes things like screaming at, scolding, saying they are not smart, showing no affection, controlling their childs choices and making fun of. The children were asked to rate things in these categories as happens to them or does not happen to them.

Additionally, children may be aware of the tension in the home such as the victim’s fearfulness when the abuser is present. As a result, domestic violence can have a detrimental impact on children’s psychological, emotional, social and physical well-being, especially in habitual cases of domestic