Historic trauma stems from relocation, disease, residential schools, the Indian Act, and racial policies meant to assimilate and eradicate Aboriginal people (First Nations Health Council, 2011). Contact between Aboriginal Peoples and non-Aboriginals facilitated the spread of epidemic diseases which lead to the Aboriginal population collapse (First Nations Health Council, 2011). Daschuk, Hackett and MacNeil (2006) note that different severities of diseases experienced by First Nations were directly related to the new realities of the First Nations peoples as they struggled to adapt to the world of the colonisers including economic dislocation, political changes, and changes from traditional diets all created the perfect environment for breading diseases. The government and churches actively colonized and controlled Aboriginal peoples by eroding all Aboriginal systems including “spirituality, political authority, education, health care systems, land and resource access, and cultural practices” (First Nations Health Council, 2011, p. 13).
It is important to recognize that colonial structures have purposely sought to “eliminate Indigenous sovereignty, Indigenous governments and Indigenous constitutional orders” (Ladner, 2009, p. 90). “Several APHAs and service providers linked APHAs’ struggle for identity with Canada’s colonial history and unequal
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Research shows that experiences of sexual abuse is related to a number of “negative health outcomes including mental, sexual and drug-related vulnerabilities” which elevates the HIV infection risk (Cedar Project Partnership et al., 2008, p. 2185). All groups and communities have experienced colonization, assimilation policies, and the resulting intergenerational trauma in varied ways and it is important to recognize Indigenous peoples of Canada as diverse populations (First Nations Health Council,
This alienation from the community is leading Aboriginal women to experience violence because they are not being protected by the community. This is alarming because today at least three quarters of Aboriginal women are experiencing family violence and the mortality rate for Aboriginal women due to violence is three times higher for Aboriginal women than none Aboriginal women (ibid 23). The Indian Act is a direct result of why Indian women are experiencing increased violence and being attacked because the Indian Act is refusing women Indian status and therefore they are forced off reserves where they are unprotected by the community and frequently target for acts of violence. Aboriginal women also face higher suicide rates and sexual abuse rates which are three times higher then the national average (ibid: 23). As Aboriginal women are being exiled from the community they are being increasingly targeted for sexual violence and abuse, this increased violence is due to the Indian Act because it is not allowing women who marry non-Aboriginal men to gain Indian status and therefore they are subjected to more violent acts because they are left defenseless.
The atrocities that the children of residential schools had to endure is not something that can be ignored, just as the lessons these children learned, like shame, humiliation, hate, compassion, and forgiveness cannot be overlooked (Borrows 486-7). Borrows raises an important point, which is that the children of the Residential schools, who survived, grew up to eventually become elders (487). Although there are some who feel Residential schools had positive impacts, the high suicide rates in Indigenous communities cannot be
Individuals, who are surrounded with agony by mistreatment at an early phase, often leave with wounds in which can trouble their lives. In Richard Wagamese’s Indian Horse, the Aboriginal children struggle with traumatization caused by dreadful brutality from the white people at the St. Jerome’s Residential School. Unfortunately for the children, the abuse leaves them upset for a lifetime. The children experience cruel abuse, which leading to leaving them mentally damaged.
As Indigenous are still traumatized by the affliction, the bare minimum Canada can do “is to get rid of the deadening weight of colonialism” including the idea of allowing them ”to once again have access to [their] land[,] and for the settlers to recognize at [least their] Creator-given title to it” (71). Collaboratively, Elliot and Aurther’s narratives present the importance of the Indigenous Peoples culture and how the dispossession of it cannot just be put aside but instead acknowledged to help cope with the
Colonialism has been a huge factor that has and will attempt to make aboriginal people conform to new cultural norms. Residential schools have been the most well-known way as to how colonialism affected these people. What society is not aware of is the cruelty of hospitalization of aboriginals, where unethical procedures took place using them as subjects without consent. As Dr Geddes stated during his lecture, the Canadian health care system has racism embedded in it. Stripping indigenous people of the proper health care which they have the right to receive, but kept from due to their racial status.
There is a great concern to today’s inequity regarding Aboriginal people’s health, education, culture and language. Stereotypes and racism are preventing the Aboriginal people from seeking the benefits they deserve. As Treaty People in Canada, reconciliation must be a top priority to support the healing process of Canada’s history. The treaty relationship has a significant impact on all Saskatchewan and Canadian citizen’s personal beliefs, societal and political positions, and the process of reconciliation.
McLeigh starts off by giving some background context of historical trauma and the effects of it. She states that the effects are domestic violence, alcoholism, depression, child neglect, etc. She provides evidence from a cultural psychiatrist from the historical event of forcefully assimilating indigenous populations into boarding schools. It shows that the emotional distress, loss of language, and systematic oppression from this event is prevailing in populations today through transgenerational effects. She brings to attention the mental health problems created by this, and explains how social and political actions should be the solution to fixing these.
Stacey’s community appreciates all people for both their individual value and their maintenance of cultural wholeness. She highlights that only certain Indigenous people have the community’s cultural knowledge; if they were to die before passing along their information, the community would suffer. The white medical system’s neglect demonstrates a perpetuated violence created by the notion of “us” versus “Other.” Indigenous people are considered to be the “Other” because of their physical separation from the colonizer’s race. This neglect is only one of many acts of violence and unjustness perpetuated on Indigenous
Beginning in the mid 1700’s, after the Europeans invaded the country, was when it all began to go downhill for the Indigenous people of Canada. The higher government has continuously made a gap in the middle of Indigenous and non-Indigenous people regarding human rights. Despite living in one of the world’s wealthiest countries, Indigenous families and communities in Canada continue to confront some harsh challenges as many of them suffer through economic and social barriers. The article “Stolen Sisters, Second Class Citizens, Poor Health: The Legacy of Colonization in Canada” written by authors Wendee Kubik, Carrie Bourassa and May Hampton explains a view on the most vulnerable, which are the Indigenous woman as they are being declined their quality of life and being violently victimized from men.
Aboriginal identity, mental health and suicide rates were outlined throughout this analysis along with the disgusting lack of government aid. As stated above, the aboriginals from the Kattawapiskak River have a strong sense of identity. The persons on these reserves are proud of their traditions and practice resilience in their faith and values, however, the physical and emotional pain these people are put through will soon break their spirits. They can only ask for help from the government so many times before it will be too
The Europeans caused Aboriginals to have health problems because of all the unknown germs, food and cultures that they brought over with them and that we as Canadians are denying people of healthcare because we don’t want to drive all the way to a reserve to help a ill person and that we as Canadians would rather let a person die than try to understand what they are trying to say. In short, we as Canadians are disgusting for letting innocent people who we basically trapped on a little remote piece of land to die of illness because we wont give them the proper healthcare that they need or
Historically the highest risk factor of domestic violence followed colonization (Brownridge 2008, p. 355). The loss of history and way of life has caused violence against the Aboriginal women to become normalized through the pathway of poverty, lack of education, substance abuse, and the european worldview. When comparing the violence ratio of Aboriginal woman and non-Aboriginal women the Aboriginal female has an eight time greater chance to be a target of violence such as spousal homicide and severe abuse (Brownridge, 2003, p.66). Aboriginal women were noted to have a significantly higher rate of violent victimization in comparison to a non-aboriginal females. Statistics showed that one quarter of aboriginal women will have experienced partner violence in comparison to only 8% of non-Aboriginal women (Brownridge, 2008, p. 355).
1) Traumatic Experiences are Inherently Complex. First we will look at how Traumatic experiences are inherently complex. Precious suffered from several different types of abuse, which include sexual, physical, physiological/emotional and neglect. Precious had two children as the result of sexual abuse by her father Carl.
The First Nations were treated as the “savages at the bottom of human society” (LaRocque). Their land was taken away by the British, consequently affecting the traditional hunting methods among the First Nation people. They had to rely upon lousy food provided by the British, thereby leading to various intestinal diseases. Their lands were all destroyed by the British through overgrazing
The colonization of Indigenous peoples has dramatically affected their health, and health-seeking behaviours, in a myriad of ways. The Indian Act of 1876 was, in essence, created to control the Indigenous population. The Indian Act laid out laws and regulations that tightly regulated the lives of natives economically, ideologically, and politically. This included a wealth of ways in which their identities were stripped away, and in which they were taken advantage of by the Government of Canada. This has resulted in a reduced quality of life for Canada 's indigenous population, as well as adverse health problems, and prejudicial perceptions that we still see the impact of today.