Lewis and Joan (1995)21 in his study, on “The study of self-actualization and self-concept in intellectually gifted students identifies the (boys and girls) of high schools and junior high schools (elementary). The study investigated the self-actualization and self-concept of 368 intellectually gifted students in grades 4 through 12. The study involved the Malawian Scale, and the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale. The researcher determined that the mean for high-school students was higher than for the elementary or junior-high students, and the mean for girls was higher than for boys. Lehmann and Janet (1993) examined principled moral reasoning, assertive behaviour, and self-actualization in registered nurses. Maslow (1971) identified …show more content…
The problem, however, was that the ideology of self-actualization was so powerful that people tend to view relational bonds of mutuality as restraints and ethical ideals as prejudices. The study demonstrated how a representative humanistic psychologist, Abraham Maslow, was convinced that an individual's highest need is that of self-actualization. It then explained how the theory of self-actualization caused an ethical error by denying the necessity of "external determination," which was necessary for the ethics of mutuality: humanistic psychology is of the view that the self-actualizer is motivated only by inner determinants. Further, it presented a Christian critique of self-actualization in humanistic psychology, because when mutuality was seen as a principle of obligation, the humanistic ethics of self-actualization were defective in solving the conflicts of interest in relation to others. Finally it presented the psychoanalytic ethicist, Erik Erikson's critique of self-actualization by explaining how his theory moved from one of sound mental health to one of ethics through deep religious metaphors, unlike humanistic
Maslow used the terms physiological, safety, belonging and love, esteem, self-actualization, and self-transcendence to describe the pattern that human motivations in the main move
ME IN PERSON-CENTERED THERAPY The last couple of months have been a very eye-opening journey for me. I had many realizations about myself and my relationship with people around me. For this, I started to see my self-structure, and this is how I look at it. For me, my self-structure is rigid in specific areas especially, where come my religious beliefs.
His childhood, education experiences, and careers influenced his contributions to lifespan development. As a “neo-Freudian”, Erikson developed eight psychosocial stages of development that greatly correspond with Freud’s Psychosexual Stages (Broderick
A.H. Maslow and Hierarchy of Needs Theory 1.0 Introduction 1st of April,1908, Abraham Harold Maslow was born in Brooklyn, New York. He was the eldest out of seven children in his family, who themselves were uneducated. They were Jewish immigrants from Russia. He first studied law at the City College of New York (CCNY). He married Bertha Goodman, who is his first cousin.
In the Article, “Humanist,” by Armineh Noravian reflects on the concept of being a humanist. Although he is motivated by empathy to help others, he states that it is an act that is used to satisfy one’s own sense ‘duty’ and only temporarily provides for those in need. Suggesting that humanists should help people prevent them from becoming self-sufficient and shouldn’t make others subject to one’s empathy.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Countless psychologists have theorized about human behavior, but few theories have had the impact that Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs has had. Maslow was looking to explain the motivation behind people’s actions. He developed his theory to represent the needs people need to meet to be comfortable in their living situations. Based on Maslow’s theory, phycologists can determine why people partake in the actions they do. For example, people who do not feel belonging and love as children are more likely to join gangs or other organizations to gain a sense of belonging.
Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development Many researchers have tried to revise after Freud 's psychoanalysis, to show the value associated with the process and I have to follow their development (Kail, Cavanaugh, 2004). The most prominent of the so-called ego psychology was Erik Erikson. As with other postfreydistov for Erickson the greatest importance was the self and its adaptive capacity in connection with the problem of the individual. However, this does not mean that he neglected his theory of biological or social factors (Kail, Cavanaugh, 2004).
Erik Erikson developed model for the interpretations of reflections due to experiences during eight stages in life of an individual. He constructed model based on psychosocial developmental processes, which can be viewed as; Table: Eight psychosocial crisis of Erik Erikson’s Model (Erikson, 1950) No. Psychosocial Crisis Stage Issues Virtues Distortions 1. “Trust Vs. Mistrust” Infant Feeding, sleep, comfort Hope Sensory
Self Sociologist in the United States today believe that we develop over time because of the different stages of age norms we face in our life span and by “time related rules and regulations”. This means we will have different time periods where we are forced to maintain relationships with people in our life that will help us grow, learn, and make mistakes to build us a better charchecter within ourselves. Personally I have had many milestones in my life that has taught me a lot as far as mistakes and being able to grow as a young man that I have grown into today. Completing High school was a huge social milestone for me, I wanted it for myself but most importantly I wanted to make my family happy.
In the piece from Ruban and Reis, they explore the idea “that aptitude or IQ scores are not synonymous with giftedness” (2005 p116). Looking at ways that students are able rather than disabled can open opportunities for success in their future of education, and break through the typical stigma that those requiring special needs can’t be exceptional at other aspects of education. Rather than categorizing students based on their IQ score, this piece shows readers that there’s more to the student than just one test and they may have more to offer than perceived in their IQ assessment. A problem that has been noticed with this way of identification is the simple fact that the assessment is entirely based on what the teacher sees as their strong suits and low points, but another teacher may see something different. Unfortunately, “students who are academically talented and gifted and also have learning disabilities are at risk of underidentification or exclusion from both programs for students with learning disabilities and programs for gifted and talented students” (Ruban and Reis, 2005 p 120).
Self expression is a term many people use. The meaning of it is how you show your true self around people expressing thoughts, feelings, and ideas. Many of it can be seen through art, writing, music, and dance. People show themselves with many different expressions. It can be any type of art and even writing.
Herewith we look into the structure of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and use examples of personal experiences to explain how, through communication, I have how come to satisfy most of these needs. 2. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs In 1943, Maslow created a basic
Jung based his whole theory to the belief that the personal unconscious is only the tip of an iceberg laying over of a much deeper and larger collective unconscious, an inherited part of the psyche which is composed of patterns, or archetypes as he called them which are common to all humans. In Jungian therapy, these archetypes can explain why we have habits we cannot break or some common fears, such as this of heights, spiders, snakes and darkness. Therefore, the approach aims to analyze these archetypes in order to better understand the human self. Through the process of self-awareness and transformation, Jungian psychotherapy can help individuals understand what is out of balance in their psyche. The goal of the therapy is to help them to
Evolve into Having Self-Awareness Being self-aware simply means that you have a keen understanding of your own personality. That includes your positive and negative traits, your thoughts and beliefs, your feelings, and your inspiration. It would be easier for you to understand others when you are self-aware. You will also be able to tell how they see you in return. Most people believe that they have a good sense of self-awareness, but it would be best to check at a comparative scale to see where you fall on it in contrast with others.
Most people want to improve themselves in some way, whether it is to lose weight or give up smoking or increase their confidence. Self-improvement is something that we carry out over a life time, but it is a task that can require a lot of motivation. Keeping your motivation levels up and steady can be a job in itself. In order to achieve the motivation required for self-improvement, we need to look at the three keys that will help us succeed in our goals. 1) INSPIRATION