James Bulger Theory

My paper aims to discuss the three different factors of criminal behaviour, what causes it and why. My essay will examine and focus mainly on the genetic makeup of a person, the environment in which they are raised in and gender differences.

Social Exclusion: Annotated Bibliography Wesselmann, E. D., Grzybowski, M. R., Steakley-Freeman, D. M., DeSouza, E. R., Nezlek, J. B., & Williams, K. D. (2016). Social exclusion in everyday life. In Social Exclusion (pp. 3-23). Springer, Cham.

While biological and situational factors may also have played a role, his difficult upbringing likely had a significant impact on his later criminal

The theory that first stands out to me is the routine activity theory, although I don’t think the classic theory as a whole is necessarily true because it says crime is always a voluntary choice. I think when juveniles commit crime their usually is a reason they are acting out, however according to the text the routine activity theory says that crime is closely related to three things which are suitable targets, absence of capable guardians, and the presence of motivated offenders. I think the biggest one is the absence of capable guardians, when parents are too busy for their children they don’t create a routine for their kids, leaving them with more free time, therefore if they are feeling lonely or feeling like they are missing something they will act out towards easy targets. Q 4. which of the individual explanations do you believe offer the best solutions for preventing crime and delinquency today?

Murder, willingly taking another human's life, is considered a heinous crime in the United States, and from the sociological perspective, breaks an important more. Serial Murder, therefore, is a sociologically deviant phenomenon where a person kills two or more people in distinct events, and an FBI overview of serial killers states “No single cause, trait, or even a group of traits can differentiate or identify serial killers … from other types of violent offenders” (FBI). However, use of the sociological perspective to identify potential factors in these cases is possible. As a boy, Jeffrey Dahmer was described as being a loner and a poor student- and had been sexually abused by a neighbor. He is homosexual, which carried a negative stigma during most of his lifetime: he was described as appearing to be a gentle, suave man in homosexual circles.

The first is that criminal law does not define crime properly because it does not include the most dangerous antisocial behavior that takes place (Reiman, p. 67). The second is that police and prosecutors do not make charge and arrest decisions based on criteria that will help them get the most dangerous criminals (Reiman, p. 67). The third is that criminal convictions are also not necessarily the ones that are most dangerous (Reiman, p. 67). The fourth is that the decisions that sentencing judges make are not made with the intentions of protecting society from the most dangerous criminals, nor do they reflect proper punishment according to the crime and the harm done by it (Reiman, p. 67). The fifth is that the first four hypotheses validate that criminal acts are indirectly identified with the poor (Reiman,

Their study was complimentary because it confronted the argument of the theory not being rightfully tested. Stated in Researching theories of crime and deviance “... findings was important because it verified for the first time that the structural factors themselves don’t influence crime, rather they are important only in as much as they produce social disorganization” (p.91) Sampson and Wilson came to conclusion that structural and culture social isolation increase crime due to racial discrimination. For example African American had not to many choices but to move to some of these poverty enriched neighborhoods. Within these isolated neighborhoods it was hard for one to avoid violence that erupted. They did not approve crime or violent behaviors but had no choice to live in it.

The primary caretakers of the young killers, whether they are the parents, grandparents, or legal guardians, are essentially "bad" at their jobs. They leave the children unprotected from the world. The caretakers either change jobs or locations often, leaving the children with a sense of insecurity and having no real home. They are expected to act as adults when they are as young as five years old. The discipline and punishment they receive is hostile, abusive, and very inconsistent, which creates a distorted set of morals within the children (Genesis) .The

We were constantly analyzing different social groups in texts and novels and how they acted towards other social groups. After I finished high school, I started to learn about these topics by myself. I kept reading articles regarding social groups and changes in them, when I came across an article on the New Yorker titled Thresholds Of Violence by Malcom Gladwell. The article shows that social background or environment does not necessarily make people commit a crime. It also examines the

One point of view at this topic is that the minimum age of 10 for criminal responsibility should remain stable. To begin with, the biggest argument that supports this opinion has to do with the fact that many crimes, more or less serious, are committed by young children even at the age of 10 years old. This fact can be noticed at the Bulger case. More specifically, James Patrick Bulger was a two year-old boy from Kirkby, Mereyside, England who was abducted, tortured and murdered by two ten-year-old boys, Robert Thompson and Jon Venables. He was led away from the shopping center where he was with his mother and his body was found in Liverpoool, two days after his murder.

Yes, there are different types of theoretical models needed to explain the onset of deviant behavior, persistence, and desistance of behavior. Some of the theoretical models consist of Scientific Theory, Routine Activities Theory, Symbolic Interaction Theory, Social Control Theory and General Theory of a Crime. To understand each model, we must know the true meaning of a theory. “The fundamental assumptions of science are the phenomena in the world are knowable through our senses and are casual related to one another” (). Each of these groups applies to the many categories of deviant behavior.

Which causes these individuals to do all sorts of crime because they believe that is the right way to go. Moreover, the General theory of crime, is similar to developmental theory, due to general theory of crime reflecting someone self-control. In other words, because of these individuals having low self-control, there is a higher chance of them committing crime. However, those with higher self- control, can try to find a way to escape criminal actions. This chapter was very interesting and eye opening.

Research shows there is a link between criminal behavior and the genetic composition in individuals. The genetic composition of an individual plays a significant role in influencing their criminal behavior. Another aspect that influences criminality includes the environment of an individual. Adoption studies and experiments show that both the genetic composition of individuals influences criminal behavior in individuals. The interaction between the composition of genes and an individual’s environment predicts the criminality of an individual.

Society within the boundary unites against those outside the boundary, therefore strengthening the solidarity of the society. According to sociologists, crime is a function of inequality. The more inequality seen in a society, the more crime

With genetic confounding there is a mix of nature and nurture than just one. In this study the author hypothesized that there is a correlation between characteristics and environment factor during childhood and involvement in criminal behavior later during adulthood. The variables that were controlled were either character traits or non-shared environmental influences during childhood. The characteristics involve psychopathic personality traits and low self-control. Then the non-shared environments are Maternal attachment, involvement, or rejection, parental permissiveness, and delinquent peers.