John Muir's Ethical Dilemmas

This club protects land before it goes into the hands of development. Muir educated Americans about the value of wilderness advocacy so that more Americans would educate each other on such an 9 John Muir National Historica Site https://www.nps.gov/museum/exhibits/jomu/legacy.html#:~:text=In%201903%2C%20Roosevelt%20visited %20Muir,national%20monuments%20during%20his%20presidency. 8 The Wilderness Warrior: Theodore Roosevelt and the Crusade for America p.770 7 important topic. Roosevelt established 150 National Forests, 5 National Parks,

John Muir has influenced the philanthropic sector in several ways. As discussed above, his numerous articles and books brought paramount attention to the early conservation kineticism. His inditements not only incentivized people to visit the Sierras, but withal enlightened his readers on the innate value of nature. By setting aside and conserving the environment for future generations, Muir believed, many could and would benefit from its riches for years to come. Once nature has been ravaged, it is very arduous to reconstitute its intrinsic value and comeliness.

Chapter 6 of the Echohawk article is called “Toward an American Land Ethic”. In the beginning of the article the author mentions that the Declaration not only serves to protect and preserve the indigenous habitat but also the related land and use of rights of the indigenous peoples and their cultural survival. Chapter 6 examines all the ways that the human family has originally/traditionally looked at the land. This chapter explores the forces that stymie a land ethic in our own country the United States and explains the congruency between protecting the rights of indigenous people and developing a land ethic for a American setting. What is a land ethic?

Theodore Roosevelt: “Conservation As A National Duty” introduces the problem of the lack of natural resources, and how are we going to fix the problem for future generations? Roosevelt makes connection between conservation and progress,patriotism,and morality of the American people by putting different people since or point of view of other people and himself to not waste our natural resources. He uses other people 's point of view by asking and using other people 's feeling about the crisis that they are in the middle of right now. (Stated in paragraph 3) “so vital is this question,that for the first time in our history the chief executive officers of the states separately,and of the states together forming the nations,have have met to consider.

Imagine the United States, our United States, without Crater Lake Nation Park (OR), Yosemite National Park (CA), Devil’s Tower (WY), The Grand Canyon (AZ), the Muir Woods (CA), and El Morro (NM), to name a few. These national parks and national monuments may not exist if it weren’t for the thoughtfulness, passion, and dedication of Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt and many other likeminded naturalists and conservationists of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. Roosevelt’s contributions to conservation in the United States of America are extensive. There has been no other President in the history of the United States who has done more for the conservation of the country’s public lands and wildlife than “Teddy” Roosevelt.

The development of agriculture and the rise of industrialization generated new cultures and innovations in the new world. Native people in early America developed cultural distinct , men were in charge of the fishing, hunting, jobs that were more exposed to violence, and the women stayed closed to the village, farming, and child bearing. The way of life possessed by natives Americans did not compel them to conquer and transform new land. As opposed to European colonizers, Native Americans subscribed to a more “animistic” understanding of nature. In which they believed that plants and animals are not commodities, they are something to be respected rather than used.

As Leopold moves along in A Sand County Almanac, the reader finally understands the full scale of thought that is placed in front of them. Leopold begins small in part I, he talks about this circle of life with animals and plants all playing a part and owning the land. Oak Trees end up showing the history of conservation, and wildlife comes from what others consider devastation of the land. Final we learn if mans ownership of land compared to those who also inhabitant it is more important. Bringing to light the question of progress or plants (for this purpose it is a generic term encompassing various flora and fauna)?

President Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States, was known for his love of nature. This was conveyed most strongly in his speeches, such as “Conservation as a National Duty”, in which he advocated for the preservation of natural resources in the interests of the nation and its people. In this speech as well as others he gave during his term as President, he stressed that conservation did not just pertain to preserving natural resources or deferring their exhaustion; rather, it was closely intertwined with the patriotic duty of ensuring that the nation would be able to provide for future generations, and was second only to the “great fundamental questions of morality”. One such example of how Roosevelt connected conservation with morality is found in his “The New Nationalism” speech, given in Osawatomie, Kansas in 1910. Here, he compares the way he believes the nation must behave in terms of conservation to the manner in which a farmer acts in reference to his children and the land that provides for them.

This land distribution parallels the Dawes Act of 1887, which privatized land ownership and facilitated the Native Americans into Eurocentric culture. The act justified their land dispossession and reduced the amount of land they were entitles to over time (Sturm, 2014, p.592). Additionally, both acts

John Muir, a Scottish naturalist, who valued nature as its sprit and quality had spent years in preserving resources, became to contradict with Gifford Pinchot. Gifford Pinchot the head of Forest Service hence believed that lands was not necessarily needed to be preserved but to be conserved. From Pinchot’s view, resources were in need of protection for efficiency in management, so that the program could increase the profitability for business interests in the long term. Theodore Roosevelt approached, as a conservationist instead of preservationist, in means of increase and sustains the resources of United States and industries that depend upon them. Therefore, he designated two hundred million acres as hundred and fifty new national forests, mineral reserves, potential waterpower sites, and created five national parks and eighteen national monuments to the list of protected lands in total.

While many environmental ethicists argue for the intervention and replanting of trees and relocating of species, First Nations perspectives believe that is not the way to deal with nature. Aboriginals have, as Bruce Morito highlights in his article titled “The ‘Ecological Indian’ and Environmentalism” a “sound and sustainable environmental ethic, painstakingly worked out over the course of thousands of years occupying this land” (238). To erase their language as the residential school system has is to erase the environmental ethic that Aboriginals have

Thesis Statement and Main Ideas: Steve Irwin I am Steve Irwin, also known as the Crocodile Hunter, a very well known naturist and wildlife preserver, most well known for my television show and my zoo in Australia. I was born the 22nd of February, 1962, in Essendon, Melbourne, Australia. I was a born into a naturist family and was raised as an animal. My parents taught me how to catch animals and care for them.

They thought the territory should be used by all of their people and land was not dissected, sold, or owned. They were closely connected with the land, what grew on the land, and the life on the land. Although the natives did not own the land, they enacted territorial rights to different parts of America between tribes (Voss). The Native Americans believed land was sacred and should be respected, land could not be sold, and they lived in harmony with the land. Animism is the acknowledgement of a soul to plants, inactive objects, and natural experience.

Throughout history, a central question to human identity has been “can I improve myself?”. To naturalist John Muir, the answer to this is irrevocably yes. Muir goes beyond just arguing that a person can improve themselves and goes on to theorize on the best way to go about this enhancement. Muir believes that the best way to improve yourself is through experiences with nature, as is evident in the collection of his written works titled Essential Muir: A Selection of John Muir’s Best Writings. By interacting with wild, untouched nature, people can learn more about not only about themselves but also engage in a spiritual experience with God.

The Land Ethic Argument Outline Aldo Leopold’s “The Land Ethic” is an essay describing why we should not treat our land as our property. The first part of half of his essay is based on an anecdote that alludes to Odysseus returning from Troy to behead his slaves. His comparison there is that as once it was alright to treat people as property, it is now just fine to do the same thing to your land. Additionally, as ethics of the treatment of people changed as with the ethics of land treatment.