It could be considered that at first look, Merry Wiesner-Hanks investigates an alternative view of the early modern world in terms of the history behind Christianity and Sexuality in the Early Modern World. Wiesner-Hank’s viewpoint moves on from her earlier studies in women and gender in Europe and instead investigates Latin America, Asia, Africa and North America within her renaissance studies of “how Christian ideas and institutions shaped sexual attitudes and activities from roughly 1500-1750”. This in depth examination of the concept of sexuality and the way that it is underpinned by religious life and institutions is divided into six chapters. Her chapters explore the context of sexuality within history, including women’s history, legal …show more content…
The second part looks more closely at particular regions in the Early Modern World, and the way ideas from different institutions cause different effects. The areas covered as aforementioned; it could be considered that the way in which Wiesner-Hanks sets out her chapters provides clear outline of the way in which she historically contextualises the global scope. It is the way in which Merry Wiesner-Hanks uses vast geographical and historical context to structuralise her findings, which sets her book apart from others of the same variety. However, it could also be considered that this is one of the few criticisms of the book, as in order to provide a more in depth view of the world beyond Europe in the Early Modern World, Wiesner-Hanks is observed to generalise beliefs across mass geographical regions and the religious views that those within the country might have. Moreover, it is evident that Wiesner-Hanks develops the ideas of Michael Foucault, it terms of the belief that sexuality is paired with power, which ultimately is paired with the knowledge of ‘The will to know’ (book of reference, …show more content…
The chapters on colonialism could be determined as superficial, this could be because Wiesner-Hanks provides too much information which lessens the impact of how inclusive the analysis is, in connection with this the depth in which she examines the patterns of life within the colonies could be considered by some readers as not adequate; as she shows disregard for other religious viewpoints outside of Christianity such as Islam and Hinduism. However, these criticisms aside, Wiesner-Hanks book paints a detailed and layered portrait of Christianity in terms of regulation and reformation. True, it would be nice had Merry Wiesner-Hanks been able to dedicated more time to the discussion of wider religious teachings outside of Christianity, and it could be suggested that her teaching may be more crucial if it covered a smaller topic area in more detail, instead of a vast topic area in lesser detail. However, this is broadly convincing study, which gives Wiesner-Hanks portrayal of Christianity and Sexuality in the Early Modern World richness in terms of her dedication to a contextual study. Wiesner-Hank’s book ends at the start of what scholar’s phrase ‘modern sexuality’, and within this she stresses the importance of centralising sex within religion, as the formation of these boundaries is still an issue which occurs in the modern world as well – these norms are
Clark argues that the sisters in the Ursuline convent broke traditional roles that had once been attributed to a male position. Clark’s argument is upheld well throughout the entirety of her book, and brings forth new ideas about women’s role in the church throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth century in society. Her bibliography contains a variety of sources which support her thesis, and displays the wide selection she chose from to create
The values and traditions that women were expected to hold changed extravagantly in the 700 years between the deaths of Lucretia and Perpetua. Through their respective documents, “Rape of Lucretia,” and “The Martyrdom of Saints Perpetua and Felicitas,” we can see the change of ideals in the form of expecting Roman women to do chores and stay at home, while the Roman/Christian women are expected to hold their faith and Christian values dear. Both of them are portrayed in different light, but in the end it is done to argue for a cause. Lucretia is portrayed as a humble individual who holds honor of the family higher than herself. Perpetua is demonstrated as a stubborn individual who won't turn her back on her faith, even for her family.
Regardless of a colony’s religious situation, whether they allowed complete freedom of worship or were occupied by strict religious laws, all thirteen colonies were affected by a movement called the Great Awakening. Generally, the Great Awakening is characterized by a fervent revival in religion practice. Although, this movement had a major impact on most aspects of colonial life, it is important to note the effect it had on religion and how that in turn affected the political life of the colonist. Because of The Great Awakening, many ministers lost authority the authority they held over because more people were taking to studying the Bible in their own homes. This idea would have larger implications for the future.
The journalist argues that even though the entire society wasn’t satisfied by his religious ruling, people should still appreciate the peace and resources that he provided to the needy people. With so much knowledge about Christianity and being devoted, Jacob provides a strong perspective about Charles’ religious life because he is very religious himself as he explains praying to the Holy Rosary has made him appreciate the kind acts that Charles has shown as the Count of Flanders. Moreover, White provides a lot of evidences by using quotes in the Holy Rosary that supports why Charles refers to Holy Scriptures while ruling Flanders. Throughout this article, I found White’s analysis of Count Charles’ religious life really useful because he provides good examples of why religion has made a big impact to governing a society and how religion can change people’s perspective into believing certain
While reading Tartuffe, I was constantly dumbfounded by the prevalence in the world today of Moliere’s, comedically portrayed, accusations regarding ignorance in arranged marriage, social class dynamics and religious hypocrisy. Moliere created the characters to the complete contrast to what society saw them as, which was intriguing and comedic. He also displayed the average practices, such as planned marriage, to be disgraceful and shameful. Lastly, but most prevalently, Moliere saturated the hypocrisy of religion by later in the story revealing the religious character’s deceitful and malign nature. In this essay, I will be using historic and literary theory to examine Moliere’s interesting views of such practices and the satire involved.
Chapter 3 Outline: • 3.1 The Protestant Reformation Produces Puritanism • 3.2 The Pilgrims End Their Pilgrimage at Plymouth • 3.3 The Bay Colony Bible Commonwealth • 3.4 Building the Bay Colony • 3.5 Trouble in the Bible Commonwealth • 3.6 The Rhode Island “Sewer” • 3.7 New England Spreads Out • 3.8 Puritans Versus Indians • 3.9 Seeds of Colonial Unity and Independence • 3.10 Andros Promotes the First American Revolution • 3.11 Old Netherlanders at New Netherlanders • 3.12 Friction with English and Swedish Neighbors • 3.13 Dutch Residues in New York • 3.14 Penn’s Holy Experiment in Pennsylvania • 3.15 Quaker Pennsylvania and Its Neighbors • 3.16 The Middle Way in the Middle Colonies 3.1 The Protestant Reformation Produces Puritanism
The idea that women and sex are sinful permeated the Christian doctrine. The character Gwenhwyfar demonstrates the effects of these ideas on women through her zeal to be the perfect Christian and wife and her belief that she is naturally sinful and subordinate to men in both works (Snipes 1). On one occasion, Sir Percival meets a woman in the forest who seduces him. When explaining to a holy man, “Sir, said he, here was a gentlewoman and led me into deadly sin,” Sir Percival entirely blames the woman for their interaction and also considers sex to be a “deadly sin” demonstrating sexual repression in the medieval Christian society (Malory 982). The holy man in reply said, “O good knight… thou art a fool, for that gentlewoman was the master fiend of hell, the which hath power above all devils” (Malory 982).
Thomas(ine) Hall, an English servant brought to trial for alternating between male and female clothing and mannerisms in 1629 caused much public controversy. During this time, gender is a strict binary in place to aid social order. A society accustomed to policing its people, the idea that men have sex with women and all other types of sex are sinful is heavily imposed. Therefore, without modern medicine to biologically determine one’s sex, markers such as clothing and mannerisms mattered to identify which gender category a person belonged to. Thus, when faced with a person who does not follow this binary it created a crisis as to whom this person has sex with, generating a sense of need to protect others from Thomas(ine)’s mysterious sex.
It is noted that Thomas tends to avoid any remarks on the colonial supremacy but also lightly repeats historical past whereby highlighting a visible stance of not only the roots of the disoriented and divided brawl with religion that symbolizes the conqueror’s “aptitude” of Christianity to persons who previously had their different deities or types of Gods, but strives to exhibit the trials to move from holiness to
MICHEL FOUCAULT ON SEXUALITY Michel Foucault was a French philosopher, philologist and social theorist. He made discourses on the relationship between power and knowledge and about how they are utilized as a form of social control through social establishments. This essay talks about Michel Foucault’s discourse on sexuality. He put forward his theory of the history of sexuality.
This paper will discuss the well-published work of, Pomeroy, Sarah B. Goddesses, Whores, Wives, and Slaves: Women in Classical Antiquity. New York: Schocken, 1975. Print. Sarah B. Pomeroy uses this book to educate others about the role women have played throughout ancient history. Pomeroy uses a timeline to go through each role, starting with mythological women, who were called Goddesses.
Firstly, what was the women, in particular, in the eyes of husbands and fathers in the family? In early modern Europe, many people believe in that, the most appropriate place for women was the family which gives them certain responsibilities like obedient daughters, wives, and widows. Many books and theories included that women should marry and constitute their own family. These kinds of thoughts were strengthened by medical assessment about '' the biological nature of women, who were thought to be at risk of severe physical and mental illness if they did not engage in regular sexual relations.'' General belief in that time was that women were sexually more greedy, which came in sight in ribald
Lorena Garcia wrote “She is Old School Like That,” this piece is about sex talks between mothers and daughters in the Latin American community. She examines the way which these talks are given and at what point in the life of the daughters they are given. Garcia points to the different methodology the Latina mothers used when talking to their daughters, and their reactions when they found out their daughters were engaging in sexual activity. Garcia claims that there is a certain pattern in which the Latina mothers behave. These women are the operation with a new definition of sexuality influenced and shaped by the heteronormative and patriarchal society.
Throughout her introduction of the tale, and the story itself, we see the Wife of Bath as an experienced, intellectual woman, who despite living in a world of patriarchal power, provides for herself financially, emotionally, and physically. As a feminist icon, she confronts serious social issues that illustrate the subjugation women faced. During her prologue and her tale, it is very clear that the Wife of Bath is proud and not ashamed of her sexuality. She views sex as a good ideal, and argues it, using references from the Bible, that God’s intentions
In the novel Dracula, Bram Stoker highlights the theme of sexuality that challenge ideas of sex to both the female and male characters. The author objectifies the female characters in the novel to be over sexualized and portrays sex to empower women. Stoker may present the theme of female sexuality; however, he demonstrates gender inequality triumphs at the end leaving women in the shadows again. Women in the eighteenth century hardly had any type of power outside of overseeing the household and they probably contained much less power expressing any type of sexual emotions. Stoker’s novel gives readers a different perspective of the female sexuality as if almost empowering women and stating that they too can be sexual creatures like men.