Criteria for considering studies for this review We included any type of study design with data collection. There was no age restriction and we included studies looking at patients presenting with fever who were subsequently tested for dengue using both the Tourniquet test and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). For this review: Dengue fever was considered: “Fever along with at least 2 of the following: headache, retroorbital pain, muscle pain, joint pain and rash. May be accompanied by bleeding complications such as epistaxis, gingival bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding, hematuria)”; whilst Dengue hemorrhagic fever was considered as: “Dengue fever with haemorrhagic manifestations such as petechiae and mucosal or gastro-intestinal …show more content…
We separated potential studies for full-text reading. A third review author (ET) resolved any disagreements. We described the reasons for including and excluding trials.
Data Extraction and Quality Assessment
Two review authors (AJG, HR) independently extracted data from the included studies using a standard data extraction form. In this form we extracted information of study design, participant description, index test description, reference test description, dengue classification and total number of participants. A 2x2 table was created for each study comparing both tests.
All included studies were assessed for their methodological quality using the quality assessment tool for diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS II). The tool is composed of 17 items regarding study patient selection, index test, reference standard and flow and timing. For each domain mentioned there are items for risk of bias and applicability. Items were scored as positive (low risk of bias), negative (high risk of bias), or insufficient information (unclear). A description of each assessment was described in the results section.
Data Synthesis and Statistical
1. What did you hear the client say that they want the web site to accomplish? Describe the goal of the web site in one or two sentences. (Site Goals) The site goals is to introduce the client’s sightseeing tours in Portland and acquire new customers.
A little bit later the Dr. that they called in said that he has a theory that it could be yellow fever it’s a disease that could kill you. They don’t know if it’s that or not so they are not going to tell anyone till they know what it is because they don’t want to put panice to the city if it’s
It was noted that the claimant presented to the ER with complaints of a headache and fever. Urinalysis showed urine pH of 8.0 with squamous epithelial cells of 31-50/LPF. She had elevated glucose at 126 with low levels of BUN at 6, potassium at 3.3, sodium at 135, and chloride at 95. She was diagnosed with a viral syndrome. Zofran and a follow-up visit were recommended.
In the 09/11, Pentagon attack that left an indelible mark on American history faced similar challenges. The leadership was ineffective and no immediate action was taken to deal with the terror attack. The government had no planning team to determine what to do with such a catastrophe. Donald Rumsfeld, a civilian Defense Secretary, claims that it was not his responsibility to protect the homeland against such attacks but was rather that of law enforcement. Vice President Dick Cheney was to be in charge of the domestic terrorism investigation group.
Please answer all of the following questions regarding the Wechsler et al. (1994) study of binge drinking: Describe the design of the study, including the researchers’ target population and sampling design, including the sampling frame(s). The target population of the study was composed of all full-time undergraduate students enrolled in 4-year colleges and universities accredited by one of the six regional accrediting bodies covering the United States. The overall sampling design was a two-stage cluster sample.
1. Using ideas from the chapter, describe Dan’s and Asher’s styles of leadership. Northouse (2009, 109) defines as task leader as one who is solely goal oriented. This describes Dan almost perfectly. He creates checklists to ensure everything is done properly, and he is knowledgeable enough to know what to ensure is completed.
In this system articles are rated based on eight standards, including a clear purpose statement, objective literature review, suitable methodology, repeatability of intervention, reliability measure, sufficient sample size, clear results, generalizability of findings. Scores of 1, 2, and 3 were given in eight areas leading to a total possible score of 24. A score of 1 indicated insufficient information; a score of 2 meant adequate information, and a score of 3 equaled thorough, clear, and concise information. Articles were also rated by level of evidence (table 2). 1A equaled a meta-analysis of multiple well designed controlled studies, 1 equaled well designed randomized controlled trials, 2 equaled well designed non-randomized controlled trial (quasi-experimental), 3 equaled non experimental designs, and 4 equaled expert opinion
A brain infection in which the patient has severe headache and fever. M _ _ _ N G _ _ _ _ 6. This disease spread by blood transfusion and sexual contact is one of the
For example, some fevers went up to 106 degrees. The fever was caused usually by bad sanitation. As you probably know, the sanitation was not that great
Explanatory comments on the assessment criteria Maximum marks for each section Knowledge and Research (content, relevance, and originality) Clear demonstration of rigorous research from recognised authoritative sources. Audience focus. Meeting the deliverables. 55% Writing and Presentation (format, references or bibliography, and style)
Around 20% will develop a mild infection called West Nile Fever that is accompanied by possible fever, headache, body aches, fatigue, back pain, and occasionally skin rash, swollen lymph glands, and eye pain. Less than 1% of those infected can develop a serious neurological infection. These may include encephalitis, meningoencephalitis, meningitis, West Nile poliomyelitis, and acute flaccid paralysis. The signs of these infections may include high fever, severe headache, stiff neck, disorientation or confusion, stupor or coma, tremors or muscle jerking, lack of coordination, convulsions, pain, and partial paralysis or sudden muscle weakness. Mild symptoms can last for weeks or months and serious neurological symptoms can last anywhere from a few weeks, to permanent.
Keeping an open mind and being transparent when doing a literature search is key in producing a comprehensive and meaningful literature review. Discussion 5: 1) Read “How to search evidence” PowerPoint, and 2) discuss at least 5 things what you learned about searching evidence. Five points learned from the Power Point include: 1. Using professional databases such as PubMEd, CINAHL, Cochrane, EBSCO, etc. is essential in finding reliable, current and valid data. 2.
According to University College London (UCL) (2011), critical evaluation helps to filter necessary information, identify studies that are applicable clinically and also for continuous professional development (CPD). However, evaluation of an article, is assessed using pre-designed instrument that encourages a more thorough and systematic method; it is designed for different study design and ask specific questions as pertain validity of the study such as: if the study has given an answer to the research question and has met its set aims and objectives, the methodology, analysis and interpretation of findings (Harder, 2014; Burls, 2009; Whiffin and Hasselder, 2013). It could be said that a good critical assessment plays a vital in evidence-based practice. Therefore, a critical appraisal skills programme (CASP, 2009) checklist will be used to evaluate the selected paper for this
The paper is purposely meant to critically criticize a nursing article entitled Promoting Urinary Incontinence in Women after Delivery authored by Linda Brubaker and was published on 25th May 2002 in the British Medical Journal. The article was picked since urinary incontinence is a challenge that most patients fall short of deliberate with the medical practitioners and clinicians thus rendering it a huge complication that is not often reported and treated (Chiarelli & Cockburn, 2002). Urinary incontinence is among the monotonous perennial nursing conditions that are visible in basic care practice. The condition is often popular compared to diabetes and other diseases that are considerably attended to.
Furthermore, an association with Guillain-Barre Syndrome, a disorder in which the peripheral nervous system is attacked by the immune system, was noticed, and there were 38 cases of GBS following Zika virus disease, all were in adults.(8) There were a total of 28,000 people infected with Zika during this outbreak, yet there is no strong evidence to support those claims.(9) In addition, in 2016, reports have shown that the infection rate in Colombia has accumulated up to 65,000 cases making it the second largest country to be infected with Zika virus disease.(11) Zika virus symptoms are not severe including fever, skin rash, conjunctivitis (red eye), muscle and joint pain, malaise, and headache. Therefore, the infected person would be on bed rest most of the