Robert Merton's Contribution To Sociology

He has received awards for being an excellent professor. In

Henceforth, these cultural expectations can influence individuals’ comportment towards each other, and their beliefs in themselves. The American sociologist Robert Merton (1948) claimed that made-up expectations by people could come factual and create their own reality by causing other people to change their behaviors to accord the initial expectations (cited in Sharma &Sharma, 2015). Merton introduced the Self-Fulfilling Prophecy to refer to a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become factual, by the very terms of the prophecy itself, due to affirmative feedback between belief and behavior (Sharma & Sharma, 2015). This sociological theory was capable of generating extensive social issues like social inequalities and

(Connell 1997,1547). Just like, many other theories it has "limit of vision" sociology should take into account. Just like in sociology, where things are not what they seem the same goes for the foundation of sociology should be questioned. Only three white men are Canonization for sociology and taught all around the world forgetting about other great minds in history. Instead The full range of intellectuals who produced "theories of society" can be recovered for this history.

Whilst Merton focused on deviance as an individual response to anomie, subculture theory focuses more on delinquency as a subculture response. Albert Cohen (1995) improved on Merton’s idea of strain. He states that work-class adolescents share the same success goals of mainstream culture, but due to being young, they lack the means to achieve those goals. They primarily fail in education, have very few job opportunities and mostly live in deprived areas, in turn, making it harder for them to achieve their goals. This causes feeling of failure and inadequacy.

A scientist had received an education at the London School of Economics, which had paved his way to Harvard, where Patterson is a professor of sociology now. The most vivid topic for the professor is the issue of slavery and the discovery of the origins of ethnic chauvinism. The Ordeal of Integration is something a polemical

C. Wright Mills puts forth in Ch. 1 “The Promise” that the discipline of sociology is focused primarily on the ability to distinguish between an individuals “personal troubles” and the “public issues” of one’s social structure. In the context of a contemporary society, he argues that such issues can be applied by reappraising what are products of an individual’s milieu and what are caused by the fabric of a society. The importance of this in a contemporary society is that it establishes the dichotomy that exists between an individual’s milieu and the structure of their very society.

Introduction Great thinkers, including Plato and Aristotle opened the doors to studying society; they based their thoughts on creating an “ideal society”. The science of Sociology was later developed in the early 19th century by Auguste Comte, who coined the word “Sociology”. He began to study society, using “critical thinking”. Comte believed that only by really understanding society could we begin to change it.

In the “challenge of facts,” Sumner states that, “The relation, therefore, between each man’s needs and each man’s energy, or “individualism,” is the first fact of human life.”(32) Sumner is blunt in his authority to tell his audience exactly the truth and what it is. As the first to teach sociology as a professor, he has this overconfidence in his ability to use his own voice and words to persuade his

Introduction Great thinkers, including Plato and Aristotle opened the doors to studying society; they based their thoughts on creating an “ideal society”. The science of Sociology was later developed in the early 19th century by Auguste Comte, who coined the word “Sociology”. He began to study society, using “critical thinking”. Comte believed that only by really understanding society could we begin to change it.

He learned English from reading Charles Dickens, he attended New York Community college and received a Bachelor’s degree in 1928. He published many experiments among his most famous was the prestige suggestion, impression

Charles Hodge is a well-known theologian in the American history, and ranks among the noted Calvinists who preached in the nineteenth century1. He was born in Pennsylvania on December 28, 1797 in a highly distinguished family having Irish ancestry2. Besides being a noted theologian, he was also an accomplished preacher, author and educator5. During his early life, Charles Hodge graduated from Princeton University, where he also made a public expression of his faith5.

Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) and Max Weber (1864-1920) are widely considered as two of the “founding fathers” of sociology. They are important for their contribution to understanding society. A great deal of their contributions have had a lasting impact into how sociological studies are conducted. The difference between these two sociologist is their theoretical perspectives. Unlike Weber who belonged to the interpretive perspective, Durkheim belonged to the functionalist perspective.

Thomas Merton, Religion, Relationships and Psychol In my research, I have found how Thomas Merton has contributed in promoting a healthy spirituality and helped with giving a definition of what a healthy spirituality is and as well with promoting constructive community relationships in the subjects that he touched on when he was alive and how it still affects society’s issues today on both topics. Thomas Merton has historically, socially and culturally impacted today’s society with his views on healthy spirituality, constructive community relationships and with many other issues on religion, relationships, and psychology that are still occurring in today’s world. Paul Pearson a directory and archivist at the Thomas Merton Center at Bellarmine

The phenomena that Merton 's theory indicates towards can be successfully explained with the help of an example of how people achieve or strive to achieve economic success. For instance, in the U.S which has a capitalist system, everybody is motivated to attain financial profitability for a greater sense of positive identity. There are two legally approved ways of accomplishing this task, education and work. However, not everyone may have access to equal opportunities because of brokered access or discrimination on the basis of class, gender, race, sexuality etc. that is prevalent in most societies (Broidy & Agnew,1997).

Max Weber and Emile Durkheim are two of the three founding fathers of sociology, who are both famous for their scientific methods in their approach towards sociology. They both wanted their methodological approaches to be more and more organized and scientific, however because of the difference in their views on the idea of scientific, Durkheim’s approach tends to be more scientific than Weber’s. This is because Weber does not wish to approach sociology in the manner scientists approached the natural sciences and believes more in interpretive analysis, than observational analysis. In this paper, I will compare and contrast the methodological approaches of Weber and Durkheim and discuss how Weber’s approach is more historical and Durkheim’s