The Fort Laramie Treaty

Sectional Tensions Gadsden Purchase: The Gadsden Purchase was a treaty made in 1853 by James Gadsden of South Carolina. Gadsden was appointed by Secretary of War Jefferson Davis to secure a chunk of Mexico for a railway route. He was able to negotiate land along the southern tips of current day Arizona and New Mexico, the northern border of Mexico, for $10 million from Spaniard Santa Anna. The land Gadsden had managed to obtain would have made making a southern railroad much more simple than cutting through more northern mountains.

It can be argued that the Missouri Compromise not only put off the start of the Civil War, but was also a cause. Many contributing factors led up to the Civil War in the years following the passing after the Missouri Compromise. Years after the Missouri Compromise went into effect, Congress passed the Tariff Act of 1833, sometimes called the Compromise Tariff. This was proposed by Henry Clay, and called for the gradual reduction of tariffs, ending the Nullification Crisis. In 1846, United States’ President James Polk requested 2 million dollars to purchase land from Mexico following the Mexican-American War.

When I look at the George Washington picture I notice how the artist uses lighter colors to make Washington stand out among his achievements, such as the crumpled up British flag in the left hand corner. When I see this article of art I think that Washington must have been a wonderful officer and won many battles. However, when I add what I have learned about Washington it changes how I see the picture because Washington was not always a great general, he made mistakes but he learned from them. He learned a lot from his first battle at Fort Necessity in the French and Indian War, which helped him adopt the strategic defensive he used in the revolutionary war to help his men stay alive and keep fighting to show that American would not back down.

President Jefferson told Lewis and Clark to “cultivate good relations with the Sioux” because at the time “the Sioux were the dominant power on the northern and central Great Plains more than able to hold their own against white Americans in the first half of the nineteenth century.” (The American Journey Ch.13 Pg.349). This was because the Sioux were able to successfully mix important components of American life with their traditions. Unfortunately these components including guns they had acquired from the French and horses introduced to the New World by the Spanish helped the Sioux push weaker tribes to the south and west of the Missouri River basin. These weak tribes became dependent on the Sioux.

This led to the troops evacuating the area. The end of the war was peaceful and the US made a treaty. The treaty of Fort Laramie was signed. It ceased indian raids and stopped the Bozeman Trail.

February 10, 1763 Treaty of Paris (French and Indian War) The end of the war has come. The seven years war started by the British declaring war against France. The French had been expanding into the Ohio Valley creating conflict amongst the countries. With the signing of the treaty France lost a lot of land.

The American Revolution ended on October 17, 1781, when General Cornwallis surrendered to General Washington after the Battle of Yorktown, (history.com, 2009). The American victory impacted the many groups of people who were involved in the war effort, including Loyalists, Native Americans, and African Americans. Two important documents that followed the end of the Revolutionary War, the Treaty of Paris, and the Northwest Ordinance, had a great impact on these groups as well. While the surrender at Yorktown largely stopped fighting between the British and the Americans, in the South, bands of loyalists fought gangs of Patriots, (npr.org, 2015). Much blood was shed, and many lives were lost, as the Loyalists, or Tories, still supported

They were very upset with the whites’ intrusion into their lands in the Black Hills. The Second Treaty of Fort Laramie gave the Indians exclusive property possession of the Dakota Territory. Then there was a discovery of Gold on the land, causing many intrusions.

The maritime barricade and development of a large number of troops over the area seriously influenced the economy, disturbing inside and outside exchange, and the enormous enrollment of laborers brought about a lofty decrease in horticultural and mineral creation. The war additionally devastated or upset political vocations and created disarray in the national government there were seven presidents and 10 distinct pastors of remote relations amid the two years of war. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended in the U.S.Mexican War. Signed on 2 February 1848, it is the most established settlement still in power between the United States and Mexico.

Said gold lay rest on Sioux reservation land, which the United States hastily attempted to purchase. That fall of 1875, a US commission departed to each of the Indian agencies to hold councils with the Lakota with hope to gain the people's approval and thereby bring pressure on the Lakota (Sioux) leaders to sign a new treaty. Lakota resentment toward the U.S. government was at a peak, owing to the hasty and violent expansion into Native territory and disrespect towards sacred and imperative land. Ergo, Native leaders not party to the reservation treaties refused to negotiate, thus sparking a series of battles and negotiations to last from 1876 into

The us wanted the Nez perce tribe to sign a treaty, when the Nez Perce didn’t sign the treaty and so the us government forced them to sign the treaty and then the us turned around and didn’t follow the treaties rules. No the us wasn’t justified in their actions leading up to and during the Nez Perce war. After the native americans signed the treaties the us government the the natives land. According to uidaho.edu the wallowa band didn’t want to take part in signing a treaty that would eliminate their ancestral homeland from newly reduced Nez Perce reservations.

The assertion that the land should still belong to the Lakota because the United States violated the Fort Laramie treaty by acquiring the land without Lakota approval has been undermined however by the United States Supreme Court. In the case United States v. Sioux Nation of Indians (1980) the 8-1 ruling was that the United States’ “sole legal shortcoming was the failure to pay just compensation” for the land (Pommersheim 116). Although the land was seized using moral justifications that ranged from questionable to outright egregious, the Lakota were just as expansionist when they arrived on the land less than 100 years before (Kurkiala 449). The United States continued to honor the law however, and proposed paying $17.5 million to the Lakota as compensation for the land. The court later revised this number to $122.5 million by compounding a 5% interest annually (Churchill 135) but the Lakota response to this was that they were no more willing to take the new offer than the old one.

“The attack was led by volunteer soldiers from California, and it was one of the first and largest massacres of Native peoples west of the Mississippi River” (History of the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes). A year later, “[i]n 1864 the government attempted to confine the tribes to a reservation with the Treaty of Soda Springs, but it failed to gain ratification” (History of the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes) Springs, but it failed to gain ratification” (History of the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes). Now the Bannock tribe has a reservation and bit of the land they once

The treaty the US government signed with the Indians in 1851 granted the Indians to have an extensive territory, which means the Indians can get more land, but eventually that did not last(doc 3,4). One of the most important and well-known wars was the Sand Creek Massacre. On November 29, 1864, John Chivington led 700 troops in an unprovoked attack on the Arapaho and Cheyenne villagers. There they killed over 200 women, children, and older men. US Indian Commissioner admitted that :We have substantially taken possession of the country and deprived the Indians of their accustomed means of support.”

It gave the land west of Missouri to the Lakota and prohibited miners and settlers from entering that land; in return, the Lakota tribe would discontinue any raids. This treaty was unsuccessful in that it did not stop the spreading rumors of gold, the settlers entering the Black Hills in search for that gold, or the Lakota’s raids that followed. The decade following the Treaty of Fort Laramie consisted of decisions and events that completely disregarded the terms set forth in the treaty. In 1874, George Custer led an expedition into the Black Hills in order to find a suitable spot for a fort intended to keep settlers off of Native lands.