Examine how intersectionality is being recognised as a valuable normative and research paradigm for furthering understandings of the complexity of gender heath inequities in Africa Intersectionality describes ways in which certain social identities such as race, ethnicity, gender and class affects an individual’s experience. These same categories are used to reflect systems of oppression and privilege. Intersectionality provides the context for understanding that people’s health cuts across many lived experiences (Bowleg, 2012). Much of public health however does not acknowledge health differences as they speak on each identity independently. Because the term women and minorities has become the centre in public health discourse and research, …show more content…
This means to say that everyone should have access to good standard health. However this is not the case in public health systems. Their constraints limit the capacity to provide universal health. For instance with HIV, which is the biggest epidemic in South Africa, access to antiretroviral treatment for people who are marginalized, poor and living with HIV becomes difficult. Moreover if these individuals get access to the treatment, because they are poor, they might not have access to a balanced diet which needs to be taken with the pills and this ultimately worsens their health (Sen & Östlin, 2008). The criminalization of behaviour of people can actually limit access to public health services when this should not be the reality. For example with sex work there is a lot of stigma around it, and when women in this industry go to clinic to seek HIV treatment or any kind of contraception, they are usually rejected. When they fall pregnant, they are denied access to clinics that provide abortions and end up going into spaces that carry out unsafe abortions. In many different countries abortions and high maternal and child mortality rates constitute a serious public health problem. Not only is abortion highly stigmatized around sex workers but across the board. There are huge tensions around abortion although some countries like South African have very liberal laws around it. As a result unsafe abortions happen so
Historically, society as a whole has encountered many adverse situations regarding multicultural counseling, all of which have strengthened the core of the profession. Counseling for many years was entangled with the ideology of monocultural disciplines, which deemphasizes the notion of cultural diversity in the profession of counseling. This is significant as due to the premature societies, it was considered the norm to be associated with a single dominant cultural group where its values, behaviors, expectations, and methodologies were assumed to be the catalyst for all other cultures to follow. Seemingly, the previously mentioned became problematic and unorthodox, as societies across the world continued to expand racially and ethnically.
Those who enter the sex industry with consent are usually forced to due to the vulnerability of their environmental conditions. The decriminalization of their work does not condemn the world which lead them to choose this means of survival but will allow them to have access to the same human rights as others. In adopting this policy, states would have to provide adequate and timely access to support such as education and benefits to allow for use if wanted. Sex workers’ ability to communicate openly and clearly with clients including their ability to negotiate safe practices. Social judgment of sex work is a significant barrier to sex workers access to health services.
Intersectionality is a concept used to describe the ways in which identities are interconnected and cannot be examined separately from one another. Dhingra and Rodriguez stated that “how race is experienced, then, is often through sexual dynamics” (Dhingra& Rodriguez ,24). They offer an example that if a woman is afraid of Black man, she does so not only due to the men are black, but also because Black men are stereotypically seemed as sexually aggressive. I’d further argue that the reason why she is afraid is that race is also seem through class. Because the media always portray Black people as poor people live in the inner city, there is a false assumption that all Black people are poor and lazy.
3. Why is intersectionality important to human rights? The notion of intersectionality essentially refers to the ways in which all elements of culture/society are connected or holistic (Module 3 Gender). Aspects such as race, sexuality, gender, religion, and class to name a few all intersect with each other.
Mexican immigrants are those who originate from Mexico and are living in the United States, whether they are here as documented citizens or not. There are plenty of immense differences between documented and undocumented Mexican immigrants as well as new sets of struggles for each, though they share many of the same plights. Some immigrants come to the United States for a better life and chance at the “American Dream” while others are brought here as children, some come to be with family, some are here as documented citizens and others are not. There is an estimated number of 6.2 million undocumented immigrants from Mexico residing in the United States (Yee, Davis, and Patel, 2017). Being an undocumented immigrant leads to many struggles, one
Intersectionality can be defined as the study or concept of discriminative or oppressive institutions on marginalization of groups or minorities, and the way such institutions are interconnected. The concept of Intersectionality is based on the theory that oppressive institutions within a society, such as racism, classism and genderism, do not act independently, but are instead interrelated and continuously shaped by one another. This theory on Intersectionality is an important concept for the sociology of health and illness because it provides an understanding of other factors that can explain a health or illness phenomena. It also provides the thinking of health, disease and how it is socially produced. For example we can see a person who
Decriminalization would decrease STDs/STIs rates, further improving the general welfare and maintaining healthy communities; protect the rights of sex workers and give them access to their justice and health and social services; and it would challenge the state 's control over bodies and sexuality. On the contrary, criminalization would deprive workers of their basic human rights because of their inability to report crime to law enforcement due to their fear of facing an unfair trial. Criminal laws against prostitution also contribute to the social marginalization by assigning criminal status to all sex workers, regardless of any particular arrest, charge, or
While the spread of disease and other detriments are possible in the practice of prostitution, criminalization is a sure way of exacerbating rather than addressing such effects.” Sherry believes that prostitution is not a 'victimless crime' in the sense that no one is necessarily harmed by it is that there are consenting adults involved"(Top
Introduction The concept of identity has been a notion of significant interest not just to sociologists and psychologists, but also to individuals found in a social context of perpetually trying to define themselves. Often times, identities are given to individuals based on their social status within a certain community, after the assessment of predominant characteristics that said individual has. However, within the context of an ethnicity, the concept identity is most probably applied to all members of the ethnical group, and not just one individual. When there is one identity designated for the entire group, often times the factor of “individuality” loses its significance, especially when referring to the relationship between the ethnic
Poetry Connected with Race, Gender, and Class Poetry is a universal language; like music or love. In poetry there are many themes, like; Race, Gender, and Class. Each poem can be different from the message of pointing out the themes. There are two poems that clearly show the themes; Race, Gender and/or Class. The poems are; “The American Security Against Foreign Enemies Act,” written by Lucie Brock-Broido and “The Latin Deli: An Ars Poetica,” written by Judith Cofer.
The US has the highest rate of abortion, out of other developed countries. According to The Washington Post, all states have a legal way to get an abortion, but they all have certain regulations to actually complete the procedure. According to the CDC, 1% of the 1 million abortions that happen in the US are rape victims. This is a big consideration in the political world about banning abortion.
It is not uncommon to have both privileged and oppressed social identities. As an able-bodied heterosexual black female, I experience this phenomenon which is better known as intersectionality. I am made aware of some of the hardships that people with disabilities face because I am close to someone who is bound to a wheelchair. Since I also enjoy the privileges of being heterosexual and I wanted a completely different experience, I decided to focus my plunge on the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning and others (LGBTQ+) community. In doing so, the three events I attended were the Amateur Drag Show hosted by the Pride Student Union, Understanding Intersectionality co-hosted by the Black Student Union and the Pride Student Union,
This is so because, universal access to health will really do good to the world and it is a Necessity in order to reduce the level of discrimination experienced in terms of finances . Universal access to health will ensure that there will be access to equitable quality health care and will also give security to those who are financially incapable at the present to afford quality health care die to their financial status. Although this may be the case in the future, there will face challenges especially in implementing the regulations that would be set up in order to enable equal distribution of medical resource and
Abrams (2009) states that literature has become the expression of human's thought and emotion. The word literature derived from the Latin 'Litteraturae' which means 'writing'. According to Luken (2003) literature is described as the part of writing works which exist because imaginative artistic qualities. Novel is one of literary work that tells the story of its character’s life. Sometimes, topic that is told in the novel comes from the experience or imagination of its author.
According to the Oxford University Press (2017), intersectionality is defined as “The interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender as they apply to a given individual or group”. It is essentially a blending of identities, a theme prevalent in “A Manual on Masculinity? The consumption and use of mediated images of masculinity among teenage boys in Ireland” by Debbie Ging (2005). Ging (2005) states, the roles of men in society are altering with contradicting discourses on the power and privilege of men versus their suffering and anxiety. According to Ging (2005), modern terms such as metrosexual, new lad, new man and millennium man have challenged the old patriarchal environment of Ireland leading to a fear