One of the most fundamental trust relationships is between a patient and their doctor. Physicians have supposedly earned their trustworthy title because of their extended education and desire to help others. However, this perception is being shattered by physicians violating patients’ trust by not providing all the information needed for making a responsible decision for a person’s health and performing unimaginable procedures. “The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks” provides multiple examples of the unethical practice of doctors. When scientists do not recognize their subjects as human beings and their relationship results in an unbalanced power dynamic, their advantageous position often leads to the unethical treatments of subjects, especially …show more content…
Another example of scientists believing that their lies are justified, is the Lacks family’s blood being requested after their mother, Henrietta Lacks, died. The physician conned the family into donating their blood to him by terrorizing the family into believing that the children could also have Henrietta’s cancer. He simply told the family that he was testing the blood for cancer, even though there is no real way to test for all types of cancer with blood. Also, the researchers were not cancer researchers, they were scientists studying genetics; therefore, they would have nothing to do with cancer anyways. This doctor provided false information to the family as to what he was testing the blood for, therefore exploiting the family’s privacy and trust. In Tuskegee, Alabama a group of men were chosen for an experiment involving the observation of how syphilis occurs in black men and its long term non-treated consequences. At the time of the experiment, the only treatment that was available was a heavy metal therapy; however, the scientists believed it was doing more harm than good. Therefore, they did not inform the men about the treatment and distracted them with basic incentives like hot meals and transportation. When penicillin, a cure for syphilis, was discovered the doctors made the decision to shield the cure away from the men. This is proof that scientists are …show more content…
This is because the scientists understand that the people cannot defend themselves and doctors can exploit them with no problems. For example, Southam choose cancer patients to test his hypothesis of cancer being caused by virus. Cancer patients are in a position where they have normalized constant tests being performed on them, therefore it did not seem out of the ordinary for their “immune systems” to be tested. Also, these patients are going through a traumatic process and are extremely ill, therefore this doctor patient trust is vital. After Southam determined that sick people reacted to the cancerous cells, he decided to mobilize his experiments to healthy people. In an Ohio prison, 65 inmates were chosen to receive cancerous cells injections into their arms. These prisoners were chosen because they are in a vulnerable position in life with the loss of their freedom and identity. These prisoners are willing to do whatever it takes to not be in jail; this means agreeing to a potentially extremely dangerous situation in order to earn brownie points within the eyes of society. It was not until later in history when prison experiments became regulated because of prisoners’ inability to provide informed consent. These prisoners could use the experiment as a way to prove to the board that they are fit for society because they are participating in a help for
Just about everyone was profiting from HeLa cells except her own family. Throughout the book we can follow the interesting stories of Henrietta’s children and the scientist who worked with HeLa cells. Many ethical questions were raised and we can engage in the argument that the author poses. Is consent from patients’ necessary to proceed with testing on patients who are unaware of the procedures being done on them?
If Henrietta’s was a white, educated, rich women from an affluent neighborhood. I do not believe the outcome would have been different. I do not think race, gender or social economic status, or the fact that she died in a segregated hospital, played a major role in the outcome of his ethical dilemma. I hypothesize that when Dr. Richard TeLinde, head of gynecology and Dr. George Gey, head of tissue culture, found out that Henrietta’s cells were immortal they were so intrigued, it is as if they had hit the scientific discovery of a lifetime jackpot. The fact that her cells kept reproducing at the rate that it did, I think they were amazed and fascinated by it.
Pathos is used as an appeal to emotion, often to gain an audience’s investment for a specific purpose. Animal shelter advertisements, car commercials, and even magazines use this method to attract an audience and pull them in by their heartstrings. Rebecca Skloot’s contemporary biography The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks is no different, utilizing this method to maintain the audience’s attention and emotional investment in the story.
As astounding actor Mike Judge once said, “It 's amazing what we can get away with and what we can 't.” You can get away with so many things, just like the doctor that treated Henrietta Lacks. The doctors in early 1900s did not require much schooling to become doctors. Henrietta went to John Hopkins hospital to see the only gynecologist, Howard Jones. Jones examined her, took notes of her growing tumor, took a sample of her tumor and sent her home. Howard Jones sent her cells off to a laboratory, and that was when they discovered something marvelous.
Science and ethics have been colliding back and forth for centuries. Science want to discover new technologies to help people and for other selfish reason. People want medical help to save their loved ones. Many times scientists have sacrificed the good of a few for the needs of many. In Rebecca Skloot's modern day investigative biography The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks Rebecca Skloot uses Pathos to develop the themes of immorality and unethical behavior of medical science.
The Tuskegee syphilis study was conducted in Alabama by the U.S. Public Health Service to study how untreated syphilis would progress by using poor African-American men who were being told they would be receiving free medical care. Subjects were not made aware of the disease and even after penicillin was found to cure syphilis, the men remained untreated by researchers. The failures of this study led to more protections being set for participants of clinical studies. The study in part lead to the Belmont Report and Institutional Review Boards developing to protect human subjects. Informed consent, communicating diagnoses, and reporting test results became a requirement in
The story of Henrietta Lacks involves an extreme violation of privacy. The book describes and discusses issues related to access of personal information from medical records, use of tissue samples, informed consent, and privacy invasion. These are issues that have raised debate, and are of concerns to me as a social worker. Other significant issues in this book relate to a lack of respect for Henrietta Lacks and her family, as well as justice, race, and social class. Being a social worker and reading this book made me so upset.
Doctors, one side of the coin they are viewed as the ones that can cure the sick with their knowledge, the ones that are supposed to help them get better. The other side they are feared and are avoided at all cost by some. Doctors have this bad reputation about them because sometimes they don’t even tell their patients what is wrong with them. Or the patients themselves don’t even question the doctors because they went to school and have a prestigious piece of paper. In “The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks” by Rebecca Skloot, she describes benevolent deception, which doctors had no trouble of doing in the mid-century, as the doctors keeping their patients in the dark.
Informed consent tends to spark major ethical controversy in the medical world. Many people believe that ALL humans deserve the right to know what research or tests are being done within their body, as well as the understanding of all the risks and costs that are associated with treatment. Other people believe that the right of informed consent should vary from person to person. This disputable topic is also explored throughout the novel, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot. As the story progresses, the reader soon discovers that without the lack of informed consent given to Henrietta Lacks, the discovery of the famous immortal HeLa cells would have never occurred.
Jasmine Poole The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot is about a women who has cervical cancer that went to the doctor to get better. But instead of just getting better, the doctors took a sample of the cancer cells. The doctor used her cells to help other people with the same cancer get better. In this case, Henrietta and her family didn’t know that her cells were being sold all around the world to reporters/doctors.
The Tuskegee study of Untreated Syphilis began in 1932, mainly designed to determine the history of untreated latent syphilis on 600 African American men in Tuskegee, Alabama. 201 out of 600 men were non-syphilitic just unknowingly involved in the study as a control group This study is known to be “the most infamous biomedical research study in the U.S history”. Most of these men had never visited a doctor and they had no idea what illness they had. All of the men agreed to be a participant thinking they were being treated for “bad blood” and plus they were given free medical care and meals.
Participation Portfolio 1 Asst 3: Henrietta Lacks Discussion Questions Please answers each of the following questions, and be prepared to discuss in class 1. Please outline the history of Henrietta Lacks 's tissue cells. Who did what with the cells, when, where and for what purpose? Who benefited, scientifically, medically, and monetarily?
I presume that it would be ethically correct to provide a compensation to Henrietta Lacks descendants. I am aware that Henrietta Lacks cells enabled scientist to encounter new discoveries such as the polio vaccine and other. However, the benefits of her cells does not outweigh the fact that Lacks family deserved some sort of compensation. It would be ethically correct because the financial reward could have accommodated the needs of her family. In the article “Family of Henrietta Lacks gains some control” states, “When scientists and doctors crave the key to the genetic code that unlocked treatments and vaccines, two family members will have a seat at the table where the decisions are made” (Curtis).
In the case of Henrietta Lacks and her family, the mistreatment of doctors and lack of informed consent defined nearly 60 years of the family’s history. Henrietta Lacks and her children had little to no information about serious medical procedures and the use of Henrietta’s cells in research. Henrietta’s cells launched a multibillion-dollar industry without her consent and doctors even took advantage of her children’s lack of education to continue their research without questions: “[Doctor] did not explain why he was having someone draw blood from Deborah… he wrote a phone number and told her to use it for making more appointments to give more blood” (188). Deborah did not have the knowledge to understand the demands or requests the doctors made of her, and the doctors did not inform her explicitly.
There is much controversy with regards to animal testing for medical research and there has been throughout the centuries. We can trace the issue back all the way to the 4th century when we have the first record of animal experimentation, Aristotle dissecting animals for study. In the 1600s, scientists began using animals as a way to explore the human body which led to many advancements in the medical field. Such advancements include Emil von Bering finding a cure for diphtheria toxin for guinea pigs; further research allowed him to produce a diphtheria vaccine for humans (Bright).In spite of these many medical achievements brought on through the use of animal testing, there are still those that argue the practice is not justifiable and should