Behavioral Psychology Vs Cognitive Psychology

The presuppositions I had before taking this class concerning the history of psychology were based on the things I had learned previously about the founding fathers of psychology. The thoughts that I had were that many of the founding fathers were not very stable themselves. I also had learned that there was a lot of cocaine abuse in those early days, which added to my disrespect for some of the people who had been instrumental in launching psychology as a scientific study. In addition to the lack of faith in the character of these founding fathers, I had also come to the conclusion that they had very little solid data for their conclusions and even among their peers there was a lot of skepticism regarding their conclusions. Without measurable research based on solid data and controlled studies that the field of psychology has had to fight hard to become a reputable science.

Cognitive behavioural therapy suggests that the ability to change a behaviour is a short term process, whereas Psychodynamic therapy sees change as a long term process, A key difference in these two approaches is that, CBT aim is to change and Cognitive behavioural therapies aim is Insight and awareness (Gabbard, 2004; Wills, 2008). CBT suggests that the focus should lie in changing behaviour rather than emotions (Wills 2008). It could be suggested that a major difference could be explained by the degree of emphasis used in exploring the past to uncover the origins of any maladaptive thinking and behaviour patterns. It could be suggested that it may be useful to include this in CBT in order for the client not to relate to one 's problems as

The human mind is one of the most intricate structures that God has ever created. Understanding that each and every individual holds their own thought pattern with varying degrees of complexity is difficult. Nothing has more influence over a person greater than the influences of the mind. It is responsible for behavior, which then turns into characteristic habits. Psychology as we know it today has only been in practice since the early 1900’s.

Both approaches experimentations generally tend to be conducted in the laboratory, for example the cognitive approach conducts memory experiments under strictly controlled conditions and the biological approach removes part of the brain to see the effect it has on a person’s behaviour. They also share certain contributions to society such as the therapy application. The biological approach would use drug treatments or electroconvulsive therapy for various mental disorders e.g. depression or schizophrenia while the cognitive approach would use Ellis’s rational emotive therapy which would change the way someone thinks and how they perceive depression. A further contribution they share is in education. The cognitive approach uses the application to improve educational techniques whilst the biological approach uses it for the genetic basis of

American psychologist John B. Watson an early leader of the behaviorists movement argued that psychology should be based on observable events. Watson grew up in South, Carolina and attended at age 16 to Furman University. Five years later he graduated and earned his master’s degree

Notre Dame University Faculty of Humanities Department of Psychology, Education and Physical Education Introduction to Psychology PSL – 201 (G) MOVING ON By SAMIR MEHANNA Presented to MRS. A. GHAIS Spring 2015 From the beginning of humanity, the individual has always been a mysterious specie that hides lots of unrevealed and hidden characteristics and mysteries, that have been the interest of numerous researchers around the planet. These mysteries were the concern of some researchers for some specific reasons: the human race’s mysteries, and as defined by “Psychology” which emerged in the XVIe century, define the behavior and the mind of the individual; these mysteries were used to define or explain specific situations.

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Introduction Learning enables you as an individual, to gain more knowledge about something which you have never learned about. Learning also has to do with past experiences which are influenced by behavioural changes (Weiten, 2016). There are different types of ways to learn; through, classical conditioning, operant conditioning and observational learning which will be discussed and analysed in the essay.   Behaviourism Behaviourism is considered one of the main subjects in psychology and the two main people who founded behaviourism were, Burrhus Frederic Skinner, also known as B.F Skinner and Ivan Pavlov who were famous for the work they did on classical and operant conditioning (Moderato & Presti, 2006). According to Moderato and Presti

Behaviorism, on the other hand, is a psychological approach, which combines different elements of psychology, methodologies, and theory. Therefore, this means that behaviorism is mainly concerned with the observable and measurable aspects of human behaviors. That is why in

Psychology can be broken down into six main perspectives. These perspectives are biological, behavioral, developmental, cognitive, whole-person, and sociocultural. The biological perspective focuses on the nervous system, the endocrine system, genetics, and physical characteristics. This perspective has very strong roots in medicine as well as biological sciences.

The controversy surrounding cognitive behavioural approaches

Modern psychology now bases its theories in feasibility and replicability. The fact that most of the constructs in Freud’s theory such as the id, ego and superego cannot be tested and proven has made the theory invalid today. On the other hand, behaviorism is still very valid as its based on scientific laboratory experiments. Behaviorism has been replicated in many studies with the same results being achieved. The theory is still valid in modern therapeutic applications through behavior modification and behavioral therapy e.g flooding and shaping.

The American Psychological Association (APA) is the leading scientific and professional organization representing psychology in the United States, with more than 122,500 members. The APA provides information about how psychology and jobs in the field work. The organization also expands into subfields of psychology to help future psychologists and others learn more about specific fields of study. Not only does the APA yield information about subfields, the organization also contributes to society by funding scholarships, helping students find his or her future career, and explaining how to choose a psychologist to those in need of help. This organization also presents a plethora of topics to review to increase awareness of psychological issues

John B. Watson Theory of behaviorism: The term behaviorism refers to the school of psychology founded by John B. Watson based on the belief that behaviors can be measured, trained, and changed. Behaviorism was established with the publication of Watson 's classic paper, Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It (1913). Behaviorism, also known as behavioral psychology, is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning. Conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment.

Psychology All ancient traditions have delved into questions concerning the human nature. Day by day psychology is improving upon its quest to make sense of the human experience. It is being used with the intention of contributing well-being in people’s lives. Formally, it is defined as a science which studies mental processes,experiences and behavior in context with their society and culture. Mental Process / States of Awareness / Consciousness: Experiences that are internal to an experiencing person.