Chemical Risk Precautions Lab Report

An error that could have been present during the lab includes not letting the zinc react completely with the chloride ions by removing the penny too early from the solution. For instance, the percent error of this lab was 45.6%, which was determined by the subtraction of the theoretical percent of Cu 2.5% and the experimental percent of Cu 3.64% and dividing by the theoretical percent of Cu 2.5%. This experiment showed how reactants react with one another in a solution to drive a chemical reaction and the products that result from the

While the solution dissolved, 50 mL of distilled water was added to a 150 mL beaker and heated on the hot plate. When the solution started to boil 2.65 grams of Na2SiO3*5H2O was added to the beaker with a stir bar and heated to a gentle boil. When both solutions began to boil, the sodium silicate solution was slowly added to the sodium aluminate. The solution was kept at 900C for 60 minutes and stirred with stir bar. After 60 minutes, the zeolite solution was cooled for 5 minutes and for the magnetized zeolite , 0.78 grams of FeCl3 and 0.39 grams of FeSO4*7H2O was added to the flask and stirred until the iron parts dissolved.

Metal cations can be identified based on the colors they emitted off when heated in a flame.1 When atoms of the ions that were tested are excited, their electrons move up to higher levels of energy.2 When the electrons relax and return to the original states, they emit photons of specific energy creating wavelengths of light that produces colors.3 The test wire and Bunsen Burner were used to excite the solution in the crucible. The standard metal cations that were tested and their outcomes are as shown in Table 1.

The electrical is caused by the charge of ions. And the chemical gradient is caused by the concentration of those ions. Substances that have electrical charges Na+, K+ ions, and also other ions such as

Metals are degraded by Oxidation, Erosion and stress corrosion. 1) Oxidation: Oxidation is defined as the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by a particle, atom, or ion. Oxidation reactions are normally related with the formation of oxides from oxygen particles. In oxidation the oppositely charged ions are then involved to each other. For example: Ferrous [Iron (Fe)] combines with oxygen (O2) combines with and forms ferrous

Chemical compounds that are available to determine are CaCO3, CaCl2, Ca(NO3)2, mgCl2, MgSO4, KCl, HCl, HC2H3O2, KNO3, K2SO4, NaC2H3O2, Na2CO3, NaCl, Na2SO4, HNO3, H2SO4, HNO3, H2SO4, NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, K2CO3, 0.1 M AgNO3, 0.2 M BaCl, Mg(s), NaOH, and KOH. To start this experiment, start with the flame test by gathering a Bunsen burner and a Nichrome wire. Connect the Bunsen burner with a rubber tube to a laboratory gas. To prepare solutions for the flame test, weigh out 0.205 gram of Unknown Compound using an analytical balance and mixed it into a 140 mL beaker filled with 20 mL ionized water. Ensure that solid is completely dissolved using a stirring rod.

+ H2O (g) Reaction 4: when a sulphuric acid is added to the solution that contains copper (II) oxide, a double displacement reaction will occur. the copper (II) oxide will react with the sulphuric acid producing copper (II) sulfate and water. The copper and hydrogen gas replace each other. Balanced Chemical Equation: CuO (s) + H2SO4 (aq) —> CuSO4 (aq) + H2O (l) Reaction 5: when zinc is added to the copper (II) sulfate solution, a single displacement reaction will occur.

The reaction of Carbon electrode oxidation can be viewed in Equation 3. The problems caused by Faradaic reaction might have benefits in advanced water treatment application.

In today’s society, we use electricity for everything. We use it for different things like making various appliances in our homes, stores and businesses to work, to advance and improve technology and help to make people lives better. It can also be used as a form of medical treatment. This form of treatment is called electrophysiology or galvanism during the 18th and 19th centuries. Electrophysiology is a part of physiology dealing with the electricity that is associated with body functions.

EC has easy operation and simple equipment. The most common electrode materials used for EC are aluminum and iron. They are readily available, economical, very effective. When aluminum is used as electrode material, the reactions

Electrolytes are used in the body to maintain the nerve impulses in the body especially in the skin and muscles, because the electrolytes are dissolved in blood this means your blood can conduct electricity and the impulses that happen across the synapses in your body are electrical so this means the impulses can travel across

Figure 1- Con Decon Process 4 The following equations[4] show some of the chemical reactions involved in magnetite dissolution. The study was carried out by making an oxide covered disk the working electrode in an

2.5.4. Metal chelating activity Briefly, 2 mM FeCl2 was added to different concentrations of test sample and reaction was initiated by the addition of 5 mM ferrozine. The mixture was vigorously shaken and left to stand at room temperature for 10 min. Absorbance was measured at 562 nm after 10 min.8 % Inhibition = [(AB - AA)/AB] x 100, where AB, absorption of blank sample, AA, absorption of test sample.

Since equilibrium cannot be reached, an electrochemical driving force is generated which acts on the ions. It is derived by finding the difference between the membrane potential obtained and the equilibrium potential expected. The sign of the value of this force decides the direction of movement of ions. Since we have cations (positive ions), a positive value shows movement of ions outside the cell membrane and a negative value shows movement of ions inside the cell membrane. If the value is equal to that of the equilibrium potential, the driving force acting on the ion is 0.

First of all, the apparatus has to be chosen that would collect the gases produced at the anode hence Hofmann Voltameter was chosen to carry out the electrolysis in. Second of all, I had to come up with a method to separate oxygen and chlorine gas. Since both of them are gases it became very hard to come up with a method, hence I researched on the characteristics of both gases. I found out that chlorine is soluble in water while oxygen is not soluble in water. 5.8g of chlorine gas dissolves in 1kg of water at 30ºC (The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 2013) and 40mg of oxygen gas is soluble in 1kg of water at 25ºC (Lenntech,