Historiographer Elphinstone took up as a mission of the refutation of Mill’s view, although he regarded Mill’s history as ingenious, original and elaborate. He was conscious of the fact that Mill had subordinated his history to the enunciation of a principle which was essentially European in concept, but the real history of India could also be written by a direct contact with Indian situation and conditions. In other words it is one thing to write the history of a land, which one has never visited, on the basis of a particular ideology, and altogether a different thing to be in that land for over two decades, watch the flow of its life from a discerning eye, weigh in the balance all pros and cons of a society’s culture, and then write its …show more content…
James Mill played a master role in the institution of new land revenue system. He was from 1819 until1830 immediately responsible for drafting the revenue dispatches to India for following liberal land revenue assessment. Utilitarian’s hopes of inaugurating a comparative society, based on individual rights in the soil, depended as much upon the revenue assessment, and the registration of landholdings which accompanied it, as upon the superstructure of judicial cods and establishment.
James mill a Scottish economist and political philosopher. He divided India history into – Hindu, Muslim and British. So the terms through which we periodise is demarcating the difference between periods become important. They reflect our ideas about the past. The show how we see the significance of the change from one period to the next. • The modern period was associated with the forces of modernity like reason, science, liberty, democracy and equality. • The medieval period was associated with a society where modernity did not exist.
It was in 1817 that James Mill in his book A History of British India divided Indian history into the following three parts:
Ø The Hindu period
Ø The Muslim
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After completing his studies and working for a brief period as a personal tutor, he visited London in order to become a journalist. In London, he arrived to close connection with Jeremy Bentham. In collaboration with Bentham, he elaborated the theory of utilitarianism. From 1806 onwards Mill worked on the History of British India. Following its publication he took office (in 1819) as Assistant Examiner of Correspondence in the East India Company and was later promoted to Chief Examiner, a position that gave him a great influence on-the British administration in India and it enabled him to place into practice the principle of utility as he'd enunciated it in his work, History of British India. James Mill was the exponent of the utilitarian image of India. In this regard he held a diametrically opposite stance when compared to the stance of William Jones. While Jones was interested in recognizing and understanding the unique and peculiar aspects of Indian
These taxes were a major blow to the Indian economy. Merchants and landowners alike were making a fraction of the money that they had been before the BEIC took over. This frustrated the people of India. They felt anger and resentment towards the British as a result of the BEIC destroying “their nationality,” viewing themselves now as “struggling for the independence of their country and the defense of their homes.” (Document 10)
" The middle ages were a time of war and chaos, so people think. Even though the Black Death and the Crusades took place during the time period between 500 and 1500, the middle ages were mostly a time of prosperity. The building of universities, the signing of the Magna Carta
The Middle ages was the period of time after the Roman Empire fell, and when the Europeans rebuilt themselves. The Middle ages, or Medieval Period, spanned from about years 500 to 1500. During this time, a new society began to appear. This new society had roots in the classical heritage of Rome, the beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church, and the customs of Germanic tribes. Many things were involved in the rebuilding of this society, such as religion, culture and most importantly, geographical location, government, and economics.
Thomas Morton’s writing intention was more than explaining theIndians’ way of life, hewritespersuasively to the Englishaudiences. In addition to hisbiased point of view, particularly influenced by his Anglican culture and swayed by the dislikes of the Puritans . Thomas Morton uses literature with an abundance of tactics aimed toward the Puritan’s shortcomings. One of the manymethodsMortonusesis bywriting inan elucidative manner through the use of glimpses of Indians’ sophisticated culture in a refined approach and also stating the Indians’ practice is similar to PlatosCommonwealth. Personally will illustrate on passage of Morton’s to depict his writing style and risk Morton takes.
It stated that the British Parliament’s taxing authority was the same in the colonies as in Great Britain. also the abolish of The Stamp Act was first major fight back in the face of great britain of colonial resistance. Also The Sugar Act was one of the things that great britain did to pay
Jane Tompkins is an exquisite author of numerous books and articles, specifically, “ ‘Indians’: Textualism, Morality, and the Problem of History”. Throughout this article, it is evident that Tompkins declares how history on the topic of European-Indian relation [ in the seventeenth and eighteenth century ] is factually different amongst separate historical writers. Studying and analyzing opinionated works of a great deal of writers, Tompkins found it hard to determine who is to hold accountable for factual and/or inaccurate statements. Based on various prejudice opinions, one can grasp the concept of this history different from another and Tompkins proves this occurrence on multiple occasions during her article. After researching the writers
Whether it is at the dinner table or in my family’s group text message, the conversation about my brother’s custody battle with my mother’s side of the family seems to remain a bitter topic, especially when discussing my role in it. When my father physically harmed my brother to the extent to which he had to go to the emergency room, the custody trial over my brother and me began. After several sources provided the judge with accusations against my father, I was the final source that needed to assert or deny my father’s abuse; with heavy consideration, I decided to lie to the judge by denying my father’s abuse. Under the principle of utilitarianism, philosophers would infer that lying is permissible if the consequences of doing so are good.
In conclusion all of this the greatest independence war in India and fighting could have been prevented if the British respected the Indians religion. If they had been more polite to the Indians than they would of been fine with what Britain was doing. It would of not happened if the British had treated the Indians as equals and not below them, then the fighting and dispute would have never happened. During this period a tiny number of British officials and troops (about 20,000 in all) ruled over 300 million Indians(The National Archive). This was often seen as evidence that most Indians accepted and even approved of British rule(The National Archive).
The taxation by the crown caused a political problem between the American colonists and British authority. The colonist’s cry was “no taxation without representation!”, as they had been governing
India, one of the many colonies England controlled in the past was the “Jewel in the Crown” of the British Empire. Although in the beginning, it was controlled by the British East India Company as a source of cotton, tea, and indigo. The British had indirect control of India until the Sepoy Rebellion in 1857. Although Britain created India’s government and military, improved trade, protected land, claimed to improve education, and increased minority safety, however the government and military controlled and excluded Indians, trade only benefitted the British, statistics show education was better after Indian Independence, valuable land was degraded and minorities still felt fear and insecurity.
This was due to the passing of the Indian Independence Act, which “ended British rule in India” (Wadley 203). In addition, the act allowed India to divide into two sections: India (for Hindus) and Pakistan (for Muslims). Jawaharlal Nehru became Prime Minister of India. Nehru discussed this at the Constituent Assembly. He talked about the future for India, and how they have more steps to take.
For example, “the population of Dhaka, which was once the great center of cloth production, fell from several hundred thousand in 1760 to about 50,000 by the 1820s (Doc. 5).” Lalvani also asserts that the British “worked to preserve the environment and animals of India.” However, they did the opposite. The British used the Indian land to grow cash crops, such as indigo, cotton, or tobacco, which “totally degraded the farmland and made it unfit for growing other crops (Doc. 7).” This is important because the land that was once farmed for food crops could no longer be used for that purpose, so people had to rely on the
Introduction: John Stuart Mill essay on Consideration On representative Government, is an argument for representative government. The ideal form of government in Mill's opinion. One of the more notable ideas Mill is that the business of government representatives is not to make legislation. Instead Mill suggests that representative bodies such as parliaments and senates are best suited to be places of public debate on the various opinions held by the population and to act as watchdogs of the professionals who create and administer laws and policy.
We are going to see to what extent we can say that Macaulay’s “Minute on Indian Education” reflects British society and the western point of view at the time. In a first part, we will focus on the opposition between Orientalists and Anglicists and in a second part, we will see about the western society seen as culturally superior compared to other nations and societies. On one hand, there was an opposition
Not one that simply operates within a British structure. Further, Gandhi allocates a small portion of his book to scrutinize modern civilizations and modern technologies. In this paper, through the examination of Gandhi 's theories proposed in his book "Hind Swaraj," I will contend that although Gandhi 's view of how civilization ought to be and Indian self-rule does hold some truth, there are various deficiencies in his reasoning and what implications his writing has on our modern society. Initially, it is imperative to define Gandhi 's conceptualization of what civilization is.