Essay On Haemostasis

IV bolus of unfractionated Heparin or Subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) may be used to prevent the formation of new blood clots. Nursing consideration: Require regular monitoring of activated partial thromboplasitn time (aPTT) and needed frequent heparin dose changes (Brunner and Suddarth’s, et al, 2010: 765). Fibrinolytic therapy: This therapy is given to dissolve the thrombus in the artery and restore the blood flow. There are two fibrinolytic drugs which are streptokinase and Recombinant tissue plasminogen activators (r-TPA) which includes Alteplase, reteplase and tenecteplase (Brunner and Suddarth’s, et al, 2010: 772).

Each and every tiny droplet of blood pattern is less than 1mm in

There are two types of Warfarin, one activates clotting factor and the other slows down the clotting factor. Warfarin works against the liver to produce Vitamin K, which is needed for the proteins that help blood clotting. The treatment for Warfarin is an increase of Vitamin K to help clot internal bleeding. By increasing the vitamin K it should neutralize the effects of the

The second step, sit the patient in a comfortable position with his arm fully extended while placing a clean tourniquet around the patients arm, about 3 or 4 inches above the venipuncture

TREATMENT PLAN Mr. Wannabe has returned to the ward after Triple Coronary Artery Bypass Graft two days ago. He has spent two nights in the special care unit and is now haemodynamically stable and had been well organized to be transferred to his room. He is alert and orientated with mild to moderate complains of pain. Earlier that day, he had his chest drain removed and an x-ray has been done. He was on slow AF with 75-100 bpm, asymptomatic and the surgeon is well aware.

Neutrophils release of biochemical, humoral and cellular mediators that produce changes in the lung. Pulmonary capillary membrane permeability increased, destruction of elastin and collagen, formation of pulmonary microemboli, and pulmonary artery vasoconstriction. Pathophysiologic changes in ARDS are described in three phases. These three phases unfold sequentially over a period of several weeks to several months. First is exudative level.

There may be certain factors that may interfere with the body’s normal ability to make platelets. There is times when the

4.1. Vasovagal Causes. 4.2. Orthostatic hypotension. 4.3.

A treatment option for those who have suffered an ischaemic stroke is thrombolysis. As 85% of strokes are ischaemic this is a treatment option for many (Fitzpatrick and Birns,2004).The goal of thrombolysis is to disintegrate the thrombus/embolus occluding the vessel and reduce the scale of tissue damage (Fitzpatrick and Birns,2004).It is important to note that thrombolysis using ateplase should only be used to treat acute ischaemic stroke once intracranial bleeding has been ruled out by diagnostic imaging, and within 4.5hours of onset by

25 medical words pertaining to the blood, lymphatic and cardiovascular system. 1. Hypercalcemia is a condition where the blood contains too much calcium. 2. Myoglobin is a type of protein that transport oxygen to the muscle.

Expansion of venous online around the anus is usually caused by an unhealthy lifestyle and stress. National recipes based on herbs can be of great help in the treatment of this unpleasant disease. According to statistics, about one-third of humanity suffers from problems with hemorrhoids, a disease that significantly impairs the quality of life. Hemorrhoids are actually varicose veins in the anus and can be internal or external.

Introduction This essay will reflect on my personal experience, skills, and knowledge gained from my studies and practice of undertaking blood pressure (Bp) whilst completing my professional placement. Bp may be defined as a force of blood against vessel walls in the body, consisting of systolic and diastolic pressure measured in millimeters of mercury. (Waugh and Grant, 2016) Systolic pressure occurs when the hearts left ventricle contracts and forces blood into the aorta causing a heightened atrial pressure, while diastolic pressure refers to complete cardiac diastole, this is when the aortic valve closes and pressure is at its lowest between beats, blood moves into smaller corresponding vessels and the heart rests.

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) or phospholipid, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is a phospholipid activator and mediator of leukocyte functions that has many physiological actions. It was discovered and many studies have been done to characterize its messenger functions as a phospholipid.1 PAF is produced by many different cell types such as leukocytes, platelets, mast cells and vascular endothelial cells. PAF amplifies inflammatory responses by promoting leukocyte activation and platelet aggregation.4 PAF is regulated by an enzyme, PAF-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), which hydrolyzes PAF rendering it biologically inactive.2 It is important to study PAF regulation by researching the enzymes involved in its degradation to understand

MORPHOLOGY Rosenblatt et al in 1942 examined them by electron microscope and demonstrated that the tubercle bacilli vary in length from 0.8 to 5.5pm and width from 0.2 to 0.6pm. However there are numerous variations from different ultureand even in same culture. Predominant form is rod shaped with rounded or slightly flattened ends, but curved bean - shaped or oval forms are common. Human form is longer and slender, and the bovine form is short and stumpy. Avian type is pleomorphic on morphological grounds alone organisms cannot be identified.

The Basic Facts of High Blood Pressure The heart is a tough operating mechanism which moves blood around the body through a very advanced system called arteries and capillaries; the blood is then carried back to the heart by means of veins. Blood pressure is the thrust of this blood in the body pushing up against the inside walls of the arteries as the heart is pumping. high blood pressure, systolic, diastolic, heart Article Body: The heart is a tough operating mechanism which moves blood around the body through a very advanced system called arteries and capillaries; the blood is then carried back to the heart by means of veins.