In European history, the Middle Ages, or Medieval period, lasted from the 5th to the 15th century. It began with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: Antiquity, Medieval period, and Modern period. The Medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, the High, and the Late Middle Ages.
Depopulation, deurbanisation, invasion, and movement of peoples, which had begun in Late Antiquity, continued in the Early Middle Ages. The barbarian invaders, including various Germanic peoples, formed new kingdoms in what remained of the Western Roman Empire. In the 7th century, North Africa and the Middle
…show more content…
The Islamic conquests reached their peak in the mid-8th century. The defeat of Muslim forces at the Battle of Poitiers in 732 led to the reconquest of southern France by the Franks, but the main reason for the halt of Islamic growth in Europe was the overthrow of the Umayyad dynasty and its replacement by the Abbasid dynasty. The Abbasids moved their capital to Baghdad and were more concerned with the Middle East than Europe, losing control of sections of the Muslim lands. Umayyad descendants took over the Iberian Peninsula, the Aghlabids controlled North Africa, and the Tulunids became rulers of Egypt. By the middle of the 8th century, new trading patterns were emerging in the Mediterranean; trade between the Franks and the Arabs replaced the old Roman patterns of trade. Franks traded timber, furs, swords and slaves in return for silks and other fabrics, spices, and precious …show more content…
In Anglo-Saxon England, King Alfred the Great came to an agreement with the Viking invaders in the late 9th century, resulting in Danish settlements in Northumbria, Mercia, and parts of East Anglia. By the middle of the 10th century, Alfred 's successors had conquered Northumbria, and restored English control over most of the southern part of Great Britain. In northern Britain, Kenneth MacAlpin united the Picts and the Scots into the Kingdom of Alba. In the early 10th century, the Ottonian dynasty had established itself in Germany, and was engaged in driving back the Magyars. Its efforts culminated in the coronation in 962 of as Holy Roman Emperor. In 972, he secured recognition of his title by the Byzantine Empire, which he sealed with the marriage of his son Otto II to Theophanu, daughter of an earlier Byzantine Emperor Romanos II . By the late 10th century Italy had been drawn into the Ottonian sphere after a period of instability; Otto III spent much of his later reign in the kingdom. The western Frankish kingdom was more fragmented, and although kings remained nominally in charge, much of the political power
In 1074, Gregory proposed that Christians “should lay down [their] lives to liberate [the Byzantine people]”, explicitly showing his intention to protect Christian territory and reconcile with the Byzantine Empire through a defensive holy war. An ardent supporter of the Gregorian reform, Urban claimed at his election "what [Gregory] loved I embrace", which, although used heavy rhetoric to rally support from the audience, shows Urban’s resoluteness to execute Gregory’s proposal. In addition to legacy, Urban could increase his power in Christendom when Countess Matilda finally defeated Henry IV’s forces in the 1090s and Antipope Guibert of Ravenna’s influence over Rome was declining. As a result papal power was consolidating, providing a strong foundation for Urban to stabilise his rule over Christendom and to reinforce his personal status. To illustrate, Urban and his proposal received plentiful attention from 310 esteemed churchmen and numerous laymen who attended the Council of Clermont.
During the years 1000-1300 CE there were many regions throughout Afro-Eurasia that were experiencing internal conflict, however, some regions were beginning to flourish and become more dominant throughout the Afro-Eurasia continent. One of the regions that was experiencing turmoil was the Islamic empire. Beginning around the year 1000 CE, Islamic Empire was experiencing political fragmentation due to the enormous expansion of the empire. Although, the Islamic Empire was experiencing problems they still became very popular throughout the regions they inhabited. With the help of the Islamic religion many outside people became devout followers.
"During the "Middle Ages", from 476 to about 1100, European civilization slipped into semi-barbarism". It was a very hard and bad time, but a lot of historians debate about if Europe was in a "dark age" or not. The evidence states that Europe was a dark age. There was a lot of evidence that states that Europe was not in a dark age.
These barbarian invasions would grow onto build kingdoms that would eventually replace the great and Roman
Beginning at the end of the fourth century, Germanic tribes invaded the Roman Empire, causing a decline in trade, education, and cities, along with population shifts. This time of chaos became better known as the Medieval Period or the Middle Ages, which lasted from about the 5th century CE to the 14th century CE. Europe suffered greatly from the German invaders around 400 to 600 CE. Clovis, the king of the Franks, a Germanic tribe, integrated Christianity to the culture due to the influence from his wife Clotilde. Due King Clovis’ reign, monasteries were being built due to the newly formed relationship between the monarchy and the Church.
" The middle ages were a time of war and chaos, so people think. Even though the Black Death and the Crusades took place during the time period between 500 and 1500, the middle ages were mostly a time of prosperity. The building of universities, the signing of the Magna Carta
Woube Middle Ages DBQ The middle ages occurred after the fall of Rome. The labels that best describe the Middle Ages would be the Dark Age, the Age of Faith, and the Age of Feudalism. The Middle Ages was labeled as the Dark Ages.
The Persia drew Austria into the fighting over Schleswig, in the end Persia gained control over Schleswig and Austria gained Holstein. Persia’s next move was to remove Austria from the politics around the Germanic nations, to alienate them from the people. Bismarck was a smart man and manipulated Austria into attacking Persia, which resulted in a Persian win. Twenty-Two Germanic states under the leadership of Persia came together to fight Austria. This resulted in Austria losing and being removed from all German political affairs.
In 777 the Muslim governor of Barcelona by the name of Suleiman convinced Charlemagne to campaign against the Omayyad ruled Spain. Perhaps Charlemagne’s pride forced him to follow in his ancestor Charles Martel’s steps, who previously defeated the Saracens. Whatever his motives were, Charlemagne’s “great crusade” came to an embarrassing end. While the catastrophic loss at the Basque ambush was recorded by Einhard the obvious omission made by him was done in all likelihood because this was Charlemagne’s only war that was “completely
In the 1300s, Petrarch, an Italian scholar who coined the term "dark age" after the all of Rome during the 500s through the 1500s because he thought it was a chaotic time.(Movie Talk "dark age") The "dark age" took place during all the Crusades. This did help make population smaller and it did increase food supply. This illustrates that Europe was not in a "dark age" as it will be explained. Europe was not in a "dark age" really and it did improve Europe's food and population grew bigger which meant more farming.
t/Where was the Holy Roman Empire? The Holy Roman Empire was an attempt by German princes to form an empire in the like of the earlier Roman Empire which was heavily influenced by Christianity. The Holy Roman Empire was located in western to central Europe - France, Italy, Germany, and more.
The Labels of the Middle Ages From 500 AD to 1400, the Middle Ages in Europe have had three different ages. These ages are; the Age of Faith, the Dark Ages, and the Age of Feudalism. Europe used to be controlled by the roman Empire, but when the empire fell, the middle ages began which were full of change. They best describe the era because of invasion from barbarians, strong belief in religion, and a new economic and social system called feudalism.
The Byzantine and Persian empires were weakened by decades of war with each other and by internal revolts. The two empires also underestimated the Arab threat. Merchant leaders of the new Islamic community wanted to capture profitable trade routes and wealthy agricultural regions. Individual Arabs found in military expansion a route to wealth and social promotion. Expansion provided a common task for the Arab community, which reinforced the fragile unity of the Islamic umma.
From 500 C.E. to 1000 C.E. in Europe was The Early Middle Ages. However, The History Channel says it is "The Dark Ages". The history channel portrays the Early Middle Ages as being dark and dramatic. Wow the history channel does portray something's wrong; they also portray many things right for television purposes.