Exothermic Reaction Lab Report

1. A number of different items were measured in this lab. For each of the following items, what did you find most challenging in making the measurement and how did that challenge affect the accuracy of the measurement? a) Length of the table b) Height of your partner c) Thickness of your finger

For this lab the knowledge to tell the difference between a chemical and physical changes was needed. To tell this the knowledge of the five signs of a chemical change was needed. These five signs are color change, odor change, production of bubbles/gas, production of heat/light, and the production of precipitate. Also prior to the lab one question was provided that needed to be answered. This question was what chemical must be present for a color change.

The lab started off by measuring critical materials for the lab: the mass of an an empty 100 mL beaker, mass of beaker and copper chloride together(52.30 g), and the mass of three iron nails(2.73 g). The goal of this experiment is to determine the number of moles of copper and iron that would be produced in the reaction of iron and copper(II) chloride, the ratio of moles of iron to moles of copper, and the percent yield of copper produced. 2.00 grams of copper(II) chloride was added in the beaker to mix with 15 mL of distilled water. Then, three dry nails are placed in the copper(II) chloride solution for approximately 25 minutes. The three nails have to be scraped clean by sandpaper to make the surface of the nail shiny; if the nails are not clean, then some unknown substances might accidentally mix into the reaction and cause variations of the result.

This lab’s end result was to correctly identify each unknown solution using prior knowledge of chemical properties and the results of the first experiment conducted. Unknown solution D was the only colored solution, being blue while the others were clear. This made it easy to then match D up to Copper Sulfate because of its color. As unknown A and B were added together, lots of gaseous bubbles formed and revealed the fact that that reaction was the reaction between Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Carbonate because it was the only reaction that produced a gas release. Unknown A and C produced the only yellow, brown precipitate just as the reaction between Sodium Carbonate and Silver Nitrate had previously.

ST Report In the experiment, the problem was the contaminants that were affecting the quality of the water samples. To fix this issue, three scientists had to determine the contaminants that were present in the samples. One sample was from the school sink and the second sample was from an unknown source. The scientists conducted many tests to figure out what pollutants were present in the water.

The purpose of this experiment was to analyze the effects of the variables: temperature, pH, and enzyme concentration, on the enzymatic reaction rate of catalase and the level at which its products are released, measuring the rate of absorption using the indicator solution guaiacol and a spectrophotometer to develop a hypothesis of the ideal conditions for these reactions. My hypothesis is that the extremes in concentration, temperature and pH will negatively affect the Au rate. This experiment used 11 solutions contained in cuvettes. Each cuvette, once mixed, is placed in spectrophotometer and then a reading taken every 20 seconds. Cuvettes 1, 8, and 10 are used as blanks to zero out the spectrophotometer.

Introduction: In this experiment, we are required to discover the 2 unknown chemicals provided by the teacher through the usage of different lab equipment and scientific procedures to conclude what the unknown substances are. The findings/results will be presented in a qualitative table and further discussed. There are 6 possible substances that the 2 unknowns could be. If the substance is benzoic acid then it would have to pass the organic solvent test because it dissolves in only organic solvents, while if it were silicon dioxide it would fail both solubility tests for organic and aqueous solvents.

During the process of incineration, the waste materials are converted into ash while producing gases and heat, which can be used to generate electricity. Among various methods of burning waste, incineration comes with several benefits. First of all, incineration reduces the mass of waste by approximately 95%, thus making it a better alternative in comparison to dumping into landfills, considering the current shortages of land. Also, when people are disposing of possibly life-threatening waste such as used medical materials, incineration is more beneficial as toxins can be destroyed with high temperature. Thus, incineration is a popular solution to treat waste materials especially in European Union countries such as Sweden and

New technologies for efficient combustion of coal reduces emissions of CO2 and other pollutants such as NOx, SOx and particulates. LITERATURE REVIEW Coal fuels more than half of Americans use electricity in this country. The United States has the largest recoverable in the world-more often than the oil reserves or domestic natural gas reserves. While Duke Energy power generation has its roots in hydropower, coal units in the 1920s continued, as the demand for electricity, homes, businesses and industries flourished.

The Problem: How does temperature affect the dissolving time of an antacid tablet? Antacid tablets are medicines that help neutralize the acid in your stomach. Antacid tablets are made of numerous numbers of components, such as sodium bicarbonate (baking powder), magnesium hydroxide, critic acid, and many others. When Antacid tablets are placed in water, they undergo a chemical reaction, where the sodium bicarbonate breaks apart to make sodium and bicarbonate ions. When the bicarbonate ions collide with hydrogen ions, it produces carbonic acid.

Title: THE BALLOON INFLATION REACTION Introduction: Chemistry is one thing that makes us understand and gives us reasons of why certain reactions gives certain results. In this experiment we will be illustrating the reaction between baking powder and vinegar and see what happens to the balloon that is attached to it. Hypothetically the reaction of the vinegar and baking powder will produce carbon dioxide which will inflate the balloon. If the more vinegar may happen that when more vinegar is added to the baking powder it may produce more carbon dioxide thus the balloons diameter increases.

In this paper I will discuss everyday energy resources we use, the impacts we have observed on both the environment and humans. Some new energy resources that are

These days, much has actually been reported on the harmful environmental influence on procedures and items we have actually simply considered given for several years. In addition to concerns about damage to the ozone layer, there is also growing issue over fossil fuel intake and the environmental impacts of burning these fuels. And so, like all industries, the HVAC industry likewise deals with pressures to enhance energy efficiency. Fossil Fuel Intake

The Wittig reaction is valuable reaction. It has unique properties that allows for a carbon=carbon double bond to form from where a C=O double bond used to be located. Creating additional C=C double bonds is valuable due to its use in synthesis. The Wittig reaction will allow the synthesis of Stilbene (E and Z) from a Benzaldehyde (Ketcha, 141).

As daunting as those scenarios seem, the danger of climate change is more urgent. • Methods o This analysis of the two energy sources was based on use of 1 ton of coal and 1 ton of nuclear power since less than 1 ton of these sources is needed to generate 1kWh of electricity. The use of 1 ton of each of these energy sources was also based on the fact that it would measure out a comparison and decisive analysis of coal and nuclear power plants. The data in the lab report were obtained through distinct computations on the tons of energy source needed to produce 1kWh of electricity.