1. How does the author describe Ivan III? How could he secure the domains of his father? Ivan III (Ivan the Great) is described as someone who skillfully created the Russian providence. He started the trend of “czars” in Russian government and declared himself the czar or Caesar. He was also referred to as the “gatherer of the Russian lands”. He realized that there was a problem with having 5 princes govern the same area and made strives to gain complete authority. He used several different methods to take control away from his brothers and the author says that despite his skilled efforts (diplomacy, force) luck was a vital component to his gaining the power.
2. Explain how Ivan III expanded Russia's border. What were some of the strategies
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To conquer the principality of Tver, he directly invaded but in the Yaroslavl and Rostov principalities he bought off the great princes of those countries. In conquering Novgorod, his most notable gathered principality, he invaded during their time of trouble and took control. Once he had control he deported boyars, merchants, and executed many. In regard to the land he seized, he gave it to individuals who would take care of the land for Ivan, and they knew their land was given to them on conditional release. His other conquest (specifically, Lithuanian) would lead to the Russian involvement of war with their Western rivals and neighbors.
3. What were Ivan's intentions when he married Sophia Paleologue, the niece of the last Byzantine emperor? What were his ideas about building an absolutist
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Did the economic situation improve in Russia after Ivan the Terrible was gone? Who was in charge and why?
Under the rule of Boris Godunov, the economic status of Russia was improved. While Fyodor II originally became czar after Ivan the Terrible’s death, Fyodor II died shortly after and that is when Godunov became czar. However, there was a person who was supposed to inherit the title of czar before Godunov and that was Fyodor’s brother Dmitry. Dmitry did not become czar because he was claimed to have been murder, which in consequence, left title of czar to Fyodor's brother in-law, Boris Godunov.
5. Describe the first years of the Romanov era and the important facts about the reign of Michael Romanov. What was it like under Alexis? One of the most important facts about Michael Romanov’s reign was that the power of the aristocracy was kept intact, as the power of Michael was respected and no one tried to limit his power. Another fact is that there was no dispute about who would rule Russia once Michael died. In fact the author states that the leadership was given to Michael's son, Alexis, without difficulty. Finally due to several different treaties with nearby countries, Russia was able to remain almost completely peaceful during Michael’s
Peter Alexeyevich Romanov was a Russian Emperor who ruled the Russian Tsardom from 1682 to his death in 1725. During his rule, he lead successful wars that expanded Russia, ultimately forming Russia into a major European power. He also sought to modernize Russia, replacing the traditional medieval style social and political systems with ideas based on science and modernism through cultural revolution. This change in idealism was inspired by Westernization and Enlightenment, and his efforts have made a lasting legacy which can be seen in some of Russia’s governmental institutions today. Peter was born on June 9th, 1672 to the Tsar Alexis and his second wife, Natalya Naryshkina.
Czar Ivan IV inherited the throne, which made him the ruler of Russia. He was considered an absolute monarch and killed those who opposed him. Czar Ivan rises to power by expanding Russian territory. By expanding the Russian territory, he accomplished in taking over the influential regions of Kazan and Astrakhan. The challenges that Czar Invan IV faced were drought, famine, and the loss of his wife, which left him mentally unstable.
Influenced mostly by Konstantin and his father, he became a strong believer in autocracy (system of government by one person with absolute power). Later on, when Nicholas II
Czar Nicholas II, also known as Nikolai Romanov, was the czar of Russia from 1894-1917. He became the Russian Emperor upon the death of his father and carried on his nationalism and autocratic ways of ruling (Nicholas II, pgph 1). Under his ruling, the quality of life for the average person was mainly restricted to peasant agriculture and a life of poverty with little to no equality for the people. Nicholas was not a very good leader, and when he was coronated, he told a friend “I am not prepared to be a tsar. I never wanted to become one.
Nicholas II and Alexandra were the last tsar and tsarina of the Russian Empire under Romanovs. Their upbringing shaped their religious and political beliefs that would eventually result in issues during their time of sovereignty. They ruled from 1849 to 1917, the latter years of which included WWI, the Russian Revolution, and the Russian civil war. Through these major events, Nicholas and Alexandra struggled to govern and protect their people while still striving to maintain their absolute power. Their family life, reign, and startling executions impacted Russian history.
It begins with an introductory paragraph which briefly describes his time ruling. It continues by describing Nicholas II’s life before he became the Czar. Afterward, the article describes Nicholas II’s time as the Czar. It explained how he was very unprepared to rule but refused to give up any of his power. He was no help to the his poor starving people and ignored their hardships and complaints.
He made the trials public, judges started to be nominated by Tsar for their life and create the appeal courts. He formed the Justice of Peace, which take care of local troubles. On the local level he formed the local governments -zemstvas, elected by residents. Operated under strict supervision of stat administrations they took care of non-political issues which impacted the people. In that way Alexander II highly improved the local administration.
Throughout Ivan the Terrible’s life and his reign, he had a strong mistrust of the boyars. He believed they had a hand in his mother’s death when he was a boy and that they had something to do with the death of his wife Anastasia. His paranoia went into overdrive and he left Moscow and was ready to abdicate the title of Tsar. The boyars and the people pleaded for his return. He agreed but said he would only come back if they agreed to give him absolute power.
4. External Pressures on the late Ming, Early Qing: Mongols and Manchus: This was an issue because the pressure of the Mongols and the invasion by the Manchus led to the end of the Ming Empire. The late Ming Empire was under pressure in the North from the Manchus and the Mongols. In the late 1500s, large numbers of Mongols were unified by their devotion to the Dalai Lama. A military leader named Galdan restored Mongolia as a military power around 1600.
1. Catherine the Great questioned several institutions, she questioned the institutions of Serfdom, torture and capital punishment. Catherine advocated the principle of all individuals within the eyes of the law. However, a year and a half of negotiation created little real change. Her policy of favoring the landed nobility didn’t have a good result as a result of it led to even worse conditions for the Russian peasantry.
The Russian revolution technically consisted of two revolutions, the so called “January revolution” and the “October revolution”, that both took place in 1917. They came to change Russia not only politically but socially as well. The ruler of Russia, tsar Nicholaj II, was an autocratic dictator who did not want anyone else to rule. He kept poor track of his country and lived in solitude far away from the people.
The great and terrible ruler managed to centralize the government powers in Russia, bring peace to both terror and security, and leave behind a legend the world will not forget. His strong belief in the Russian Orthodox Church and his unstable mind caused many goods and many bad effects on history. Ivan beat and killed several members of his staff, government, and family. He leads his mass armies into battle his own people and their rebellious ways and emerged victorious as a majority. Ivan the Terrible was a crazed man who lived to his historic name, as well as a capable leader and distinguished war leader much like unto Adolf Hitler or Joseph Stalin.
According to the author Sidney Harcave, who wrote The Russian Revolution of 1905, there were four problems in Russian society at the time that contributed to the revolution: the agrarian problem, the nationality problem, the labour problem, and the educated class problem. Individuals were unhappy with the Tsar's domineering standard and the dissents were a summit of the development of political gatherings who went for ousting the government and challenges for better working conditions, riots among the labourers, death of government authorities by Socialist Revolutionaries and so forth. From the season of Peter I (Peter the Great), the Tsarist progressively turned into a despotic administration that forced its will on the general population
The Russian Revolution could have been halted or prevented if, in early times, Russia was given a czar with more experience
Vlad was the second of four brothers born in a well distinguished family. Vlad and his younger brother moved to Targoviste, Wallachia when his father took over the leader roll, in 1436. After six years, he was removed from power by rivals. He thought the best way to get back his throne was to go against his oath to order and ally with Ottomna Sultan. Vlad’s father proved his loyalty by sending his two sons Vlad and the youngest Radu, to the court of Sultan to be held hostage.