The pre-colonial and postcolonial Igbo society has been observed to be male dominated. Men reign supreme in sociocultural affairs while the female figure has specific limited prescribed roles, a confirmation of absence of feministic ideologies. Motherhood, being submissive to the husband and generally domestic dutiesare some of the roles women are associated with. As the title of the novel by Buchi Emecheta Second Class Citizenimplies, the female figure has been treated as a lesser significant sexwithin the Igbo society considering that equalityamong women is limited by their fathers, husbands and the general patriarchy system. This is something Adah finds quite the same when she moves to England whereby with her African descent she continues to suffer womanhood struggles. A profound look atBuchi Emecheta’s literary masterpiece Second Class Citizen lays foundation for critical reflection and analysis of Adah’s breaking away from the prevalent gender outlooks, sexism attitudes that define male and female relationships and deep rooted stereotypes against women. A close look on this text confirms there are several prescribed gender roles both in the Igbo society as well as in London. The challenge therefore is upon how Adah will break away the gender roles being imposed on her and still be in a position to pursue her educational dreams. Based on a feministic approach,this paper will delve deeper on the sociocultural factors that contribute to Adah being perceived and treated as
Their society is not patriarchal, but rather focuses on the fact that strength and leadership can be found within anyone. The line that distinguishes gender roles is nearly non-existent, and female role models are especially prominent within the harmonious social order. Silko’s descriptions of the beauty of her Grandma A’mooh ’s
Upon reading Kwok Pui-Lan 's, "Unbinding Our Feet: Saving Brown Women and Feminist Religious Discourse", my vocabulary and understanding of feminist-religious phrases indefinitely extended and increased. The most stimulating and thought provoking terms from this work (in the order introduced) are: colonialist feminism, female subaltern, veneration, phallocentric, and eschatological. This text essentially discovers, "... How saving brown women functions as a colonial ideology helping to camouflage the violence and brutality of colonialism by sugar coating it as a for of social mission.
Throughout history, human beings have struggled with the idea of equality. Whether in times of peace or times of war, the genders have almost never been equal in terms of political, economic or social pressures and activities. These injustices can be found everywhere— in conversations, classes, media, films, literature, and so forth. One example of this “hidden sexism” in literature can be found in the novel Lost Names by Richard E. Kim. Kim’s book, when first glanced at, seems normal.
However, if we approach women’s writing as centrally concerned not strictly with gender but with oppression, we can fully examine the conjuncture and relationship between female and ethnic identity.” Schueller, Malini. “Questioning Race and Gender Definitions: Dialogic Subversions in The Woman Warrior” Volume 31, No. 4 (1989) page. 421-437. Print.
In the book “You May Ask Yourself”, they define gender roles as “sets of behavioral norms assumed to accompany one’s status as male or female” (Conley Dalton). Gender roles are a very controversial matter. When people think of males, they automatically think of strong, brave, and the breadwinner. On the other hand, when people think of females they think delicate, housewife, and sensitive. I guarantee that most people in the world have this idea of each gender.
Historically, black women do not conform to the dominant discourse in education, similarly, Gilroy argues that black struggles for educational opportunities are a ‘resistance to domination’. Despite Hortense’s previous education in Jamaica, she is considered inferior in London, due to the fact she cannot prosper or obtain a job due to the racial attitudes which were prevalent in 1950’s
Zora Neale Hurston in her novel presents the theme of gender roles and their importance in African American culture during the 1930’s. It is first exhibit through Nanny’s perspective of the black women’s role in the society. In chapter two, Nanny attempts to convince Janie that “de white man is de ruler of everything as fur as Ah been able tuh find out. Maybe it’s some place way off in de ocean where de black man is in power, but we don’t know nothin’ but what we see. So de white man throw down de load and tell de nigger man tuh pick it up.
It will be interesting to analyse whether her portrayal is masculinist, subsuming the self into the masculine ethos or outrightly dismantling the rigid ethos. Gender as a construct is posited as related to universalistic and particularistic principles, with clear demarcations of access for women. As a domestic figure, women could lay claim to the particularistic principles and the ethic of care, and not foray into the public domain. Gender roles are set up as rigid, which can’t be transgressed by either of the genders. Power and authority are vested in the universalistic domain while meekness and subordination are set in the particularistic domain.
These readings, when looked at collectively, primarily show gender oppression through sexism, but they also mention the roles that other systems of oppression play as well. The theme
In the short story ‘growing my hair again’, the author explains how women in the African traditions are held captive by the traditional culture and their struggles to trying to break away them using the main character Nneka. In Nigeria as well as in the other parts of Africa, culture was and still is given a lot of emphasizes especially when it comes to the traditional practices and beliefs. The culture however vary from one community to the other and ranges from the rights of passage, religious beliefs to other religious practices such as offering sacrifices and the role of women in the community .Nneka was married to a rich man in traditional Nigerian community and as in other areas, women had a role of being submissive to their husbands and subject to other cruel traditions. This traditions literary took their freedoms to make decisions or put strict boundaries to their extent of interacting with other people. When Nnekas husband died, she was required to shave her hair as a sign of mourning.
It is clear that the women of Umuofia are treated differently than the men of the Igbo society. Women were considered weak and frail. Unintelligent and not worthy of “manly work”. The violent and supreme control men displayed was normal to the people of these villages. Women very rarely were allowed to have an opinion or decision on anything, as long as they obeyed those in a higher position than themselves, all was good.
Yet a third comparison that can be highlighted between Igbo and American people is the role women assume in each of their societies. The little credit women in Igbo societies receive comes entirely from the praise and comfort of their children. As children grow up, their mother is beside them every step of the way. Mothers provide nourishment to their children; they entertain them with stories; they teach them morals and values, and they comfort them in times of need. Children in the Igbo culture develop a deep sense of attachment to their mothers because of this.
The gender roles of women in the USA and in the Maasai culture are completely different from one another. First, the Maasai women are circumcised between the ages of 11 and 13. The married women do more work than their husbands and they respect them while not challenging them. Once a woman is circumcised she can only have sexual relations with elders. They are circumcised because they believe if you are not circumcised than you can’t have babies who could be the next generation of warriors.
In the Ibo hierarchal society, women are the subject of unequal treatment and patronization. They are considered weak and are not given any power. As the novel, Things Fall Apart unravels, the author, Chinua Achebe reveals the distinct attributes of femininity. Feminine traits are also viewed with disdain in Umuofian society, especially by the protagonist of the novel, Okonkwo. His past experiences shape his disposition and give rise to his stereotypical mentality; however, several events contradict the prevalent perspective of women, leading to Okonkwo facing conflicts within himself.
(Kincaid, 2003) ‘Girl’ is a story about stereotypically gendered behaviour. However, it also emphasizes how these feminine behaviours are passed on to further generations. Jamaica Kincaid’s ‘Girl’ (2003) emphasizes how gendered behaviours and sociocultural aspects are passed on through