Literary Devices, often used for emphasis are littered throughout both “On the Duty of Civil Disobedience” and “Letter From a Birmingham Jail”. While devices such as repetition and metaphors are used in the essays they are used to convey opposite intentions. Martin Luther King Jr., author of “Letter from a Birmingham Jail” uses repetition to elaborate on the African American struggle and metaphors to utilize the tool of pathos and include the emotion of those who have been victimized. Henry David Thoreau, author of “On the Duty of Civil Disobedience” uses repetition to encourage his readers to take action against injustice. Thoreau also uses metaphors to elaborate on where and how he believes that injustice is taking place. By comparing and …show more content…
King was reliant on waiting for the right moment and day for the African American community to raise quiet uproar whereas Thoreau believed that any action, whether beneficial or not, was progressive. Both authors used repetition to instill their plan into their reader’s minds. “Letter From a Birmingham Jail” written by Martin Luther King Jr was originally written as an objection to opposition from a group of white clergymen who believed that rather than public protest, the struggling African American community should bring their fight to judges and courthouses. King did not agree with this approach but still wanted to appease his followers and make progress. King relied heavily on repetition in his essay by frequently repeating the word postpone in phrases which conveys to the reader that the change and the action that needed to be taken was to be calculated and educated. Specifically in paragraph 8 of the essay, King states, “we went through postponement after postponement to aid in this community's need.” This information supports the idea that King was determined to make a calculated strike against corrupt views because he was constantly surveying the political climate for an appropriate time to create …show more content…
King’s emphasis on postponement emphasizes the feeling of being cast off that is present in the African community and the postponement of justice. Thoreau also utilized the literary device of repetition but he used the tool to demand rushed action, rather than calculated action. Thoreau frequently uses the term ‘action’ in and relating to taking action against what he believes is a corrupt government. Thoreau is a believer in action that makes a movement seen instead of action that gives a movement progress. Thoreau elaborates in his essay how he is taking action against his government by avoiding his taxes and outwardly standing against the government while his neighbors are taking action by paying his taxes for him. Thoreau believes that while his neighbors and himself are creating movement in opposite directions, they are drawing attention to an issue. This is evident in paragraph 16 where Thoreau states, “Action from principle,—the perception and the performance of right,—changes things and relations; it is essentially revolutionary, and does not consist wholly with anything which was. It not only divides states
And it is exactly what King wanted, to get what they read captured the message as strong as it really is and so convinced that continue reading the letter to finally have a more detailed view of the outrageous facts that are happening and do not refuse to see waiting for a positive reaction to change this
Rhetorical Analysis of “Letter from Birmingham Jail” In 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. wrote the “Letter from Birmingham Jail” in the confines of a jail cell in Birmingham, Alabama, after leading a nonviolent protest for racial equality in American society. The clergymen of Birmingham Jail viewed King’s “activities [as] ‘unwise and untimely’” (1). The letter is directly addressed to eight white clergymen to rebut their statement that the demonstrations, nonviolent protests, and acts of civil disobedience of the Black community were unlawful.
He apologises to his audience by saying, “I’m afraid it is much too long to take your precious time. I can assure you that it would have been much shorter if I had been writing from a comfortable desk, but what else can one do when he is alone in a narrow jail cell, other than write long letters, think long thoughts and pray long prayers?” This is a response to his current situation that brings the reader back to the reality of why this letter is being written in the first place; injustice. After reading such a beautifully crafted piece of literature that worked to shed light onto the harsh reality African Americans face, it’s easy to forget that King was even in jail at the time. However, this short comment helps the reader realize that even the most educated, compassionate and determined people are still subject to the harsh injustices of
Societal unrest in 1960’s United States revealed an alarming need for equality. In Martin Luther King’s letter from Birmingham Jail, King employs various rhetorical strategies such as anaphora, anecdotes, and the use of the appeals to demand the reader (the clergymen) the need for civil rights and the end of racial discrimination. King is able to convey these needs through a condemning but politeful tone that is admirable given the circumstance of being imprisoned for protesting against racial inequality. With the use of these strategies, King is able to provide a powerful letter that traverses the heart of the reader.
6477043 In Martin Luther King’s “Letter From Birmingham Jail”, he discusses the reasoning behind his movement to end segregation using non-violent strategies that were often questioned by those around him. These non-violent actions often took him to places all across the southern United States where discrimination and segregation was rampant. In this letter, King used many literary strategies that helped him convey his ideas.
"Letter from Birmingham Jail" reviews a dissent against Martin Luther King Jr. 's detainment for peaceful resistance to persecution. In the letter, he commands a unified front against racial bias in addition to communicating his craving to utilize ethos to battle for human rights. Similarly, he utilizes pathos to get close to home reaction from his readers and afterward seeks from them permission to make a move. King Jr. applies dissimilar consistent thinking to explain further his viewpoint and the justification for battling racial discrimination. The tone of the letter is pondering, expecting to capture the attention of both the individuals who are being taken advantage of and the people who are being mistreated.
6). By doing this, he is trying to prove to the clergymen that there was planning and reasoning behind the peaceful protest he conducted. In terms of timing, King explains “that "justice to long delayed is justice denied."” (par.13). By doing this, he is trying to say that if they were to wait and not take action the same cycle would keep happening over and over again.
Martin Luther King makes a powerful statement in Birmingham jail after being imprisoned for peacefully protesting. His authoritative letter addresses the issue of racial injustice towards African American people. His goal was to act in a nonviolent way so that the poor treatment towards the black community was changed. He was fighting strictly to end discrimination. King makes radical points in his letter to his fellow clergymen about the treatment that colored people in the south were receiving.
While in solitary confinement for nearly 8 days, reverend and social justice activist, Martin Luther King Jr., wrote his famous Letter from Birmingham Jail in response to the criticism he received for his non-violent protests. Several clergy who negatively critiqued King’s approach of seeking justice, wrote A Call for Unity, arguing that his protests were senseless and improper. Within the article, the clergymen provide nine different critiques that asserted how King’s protest are invalid, uneffective, and simply unintelligent in the fight for obtaining justice and equity for individuals of color. His letter has become one of the most profound pieces of literature of the 20th century, as King uses vivid examples and eloquent rhetorical devices to counter all nine arguments.
In Martin Luther King, Jr.’s essay, “Letter From a Birmingham Jail” and Henry David Thoreau essay “Civil Disobedience,” both share their opinions on social injustice and civil disobedience. They both believe that people can protest unfair and unjust laws imposed on them in a civil way. In addition, King and Thoreau are challenging the government with their essays, which they wrote after they got sent to jail. For protesting the treatment of blacks in Birmingham, Alabama, King spent eleven days in jail; Thoreau spent a night in jail for refusing to pay his poll tax. Both King and Thoreau’s essays present similar plans for a resolution.
People could portray anything in different ways. Thoreau and King both have differences in portraying civil disobedience. In Thoreau’s essay “Civil Disobedience” he begins writing about how the government rarely shows how powerful it is and instead acquires power from the people. King used civil disobedience as a means of effectuating government change and used his courage to protest against discrimination through the act of civil disobedience.
In Henry Thoreau's “On the Duty of Civil Disobedience” and Martin Luther King’s “Letter from Birmingham Jail'' they were both written for a purpose. In the writing of these, there were many similarities in the reason they were written, one is that they both share their opinions on social injustice and civil disobedience. The purpose of writing had some differences from each other.
A single person’s thoughts can become many people’s actions very quickly. Whether for better or worse, change in society comes when a group of people join together. Such is the case of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., an African-American pastor who helped lead the advancement of civil rights. While in jail for protesting segregation in 1963, King wrote “Letter From Birmingham Jail'' in response to eight white clergymen who publicly criticized his actions. The letter was then published in newspapers all across America.
In his essay, “Civil Disobedience,” Henry David Thoreau uses rhetorical questions and many dehumanizing analogies to elicit an emotional reaction from his readers and urge them to carefully consider their relationship with the law. Firstly, he considers the correlation between man and law, and supplies the audience with many thought-provoking questions such as: “Why has every man a conscience, then?” The use of these questions inspires self-reflection within the reader and causes them to rethink their present beliefs. Because the questions primarily focus on the morals associated with lawmaking, Thoreau also adds an emotional appeal to his essay—everyone wants to do the right thing and will therefore be more connected to his argument.
Civil Disobedience Compare and Contrast Henry Thoreau and Martin Luther King both wrote persuasive discussions that oppose many ideals and make a justification of their cause, being both central to their argument. While the similarity is obvious, the two essays, Civil Disobedience by Thoreau and Letter from a Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King Jr. do have some similarities. King tries persuading white, southern clergymen that segregation is an evil, unfair law that ought to defeat by use of agitation of direct protesting. Thoreau, on the other hand, writes to a broader, non-addressed audience, and focuses more on the state itself. He further accepts it at its current state, in regard to the battle with Mexico and the institution of slavery.