After finding the Rf values of the four known compounds, solvent 1 (99.5% ethyl acetate/0.5% acetic acid) was chosen, due to the wide range of results, for the remaining experiments. Ibuprofen, our known tablet, gave a similar Rf value to our previous results for Ibuprofen. For Anadin extra, there were three compounds identified as Caffeine, Paracetamol and Aspirin as the Rf values of the drug were close to the values of these three compounds in the first part of the practical. For both of these known drugs, the Rf values acquired were close to my predictions before the experiment. For the unknown powder, we obtained Rf values of 0.52 and 0.76 so we believe that the unknown powder contains Aspirin and Ibuprofen. To confirm the results for the known drugs, we can find the literature value of the Rf. For the unknown powder, we could repeat the TLC with both the unknown and predicted compounds on the same TLC plate to see if the Rf values match. To confirm the results of both the known and unknown we can also put the samples in a mass spectrometry. A lot of safety precautions were taken into consideration whilst doing the experiment. Lab coats, goggles and gloves were worn. However, the gloves were removed whilst using the Bunsen burner to make the spotters from capillary tubes. …show more content…
This could be due to not putting enough sample on the line to begin with. To improve this, a small amount of the sample should be placed repeatedly on the line until it becomes dark. Another reason for the faint spots could be because of cross-contamination. Some ways to improve this would be to provide each pair of student with their own samples. This would reduce the cross-contamination that may be caused by other pairs of students. It would also help to have separate spatulas for each sample which would further reduce the contamination between
2.03 Electromagnetic Spectrum- The Visible Assignment 1. A Doppler radar can see the amount of precipitation that there is in a thunderstorm. It can also see the direction of the precipitation in a thunderstorm as it moves closer or away from the radar.
Students first prepped for the lab by cleaning out the crucible. Three boiling chips were added in the crucible once it was wiped out with a paper towel. The crucible was then placed on a clay triangle two finger widths above the Fischer burner. After 10 minutes of the crucible being directly under the flame, the it was clean and students allowed time for it to cool down. Next, the students from then on used tongs to transport the crucible from weighing it and back to the clay triangle.
In all trials, some of the precipitate was lost through the filter. Therefor all values are most likely less than the actual values due to
“Once she’d sterilized the cubicle, she lit a Bunsen Burner and used its flame to sterilize test tubes and used a scalpel blade, since the Gey lab couldn’t afford new ones for each sample” (Skloot 37).
The sample areas were also marked at the 5-meter mark to split each individual trial into two to have a greater chance at collecting a larger population size. The two sampling sites
Every year one person dies from an accident in a laboratory. More than 100 people get injured. These accidents occur because the people in these labs do not know the proper laboratory safety procedures. The lab safety rules provided do not prevent the many deaths and injuries that occur each year, schools do not take action until after some sort of accident occurs, and lastly, students and professionals are not informed how important lab safety is.
Unknown A is Excedrin because they both look like white powders and they were both soluble. When the universal indicator was added they both turned red, which indicted their pH level was 4.0. Then when we tested the pH with the pH strips they both showed the pH as being 3.0. After that, we added HCl or stomach acid and both drugs dissolved and were soluble. We tested the pH and it dropped to 1.0.
We identified unknown A as acetaminophen. This is because unknown A had all the same tested properties as acetaminophen when we performed our tests. For unknown B we found it to be acetaminophen and caffeine. This is because like unknown A, unknown B properties were the same as acetaminophen, but unknown B was acetone soluble. Unknown B has similar properties to caffeine because it was acetone soluble and because caffeine was the only basic pH tested to change color during the FeCl3 test.
TLC was used to identify the actual unknown product as well as other products/reactants present in the filtered solution. The procedure was conducted by placing a TLC plate in a developing chamber that is filled with a small amount of solvent. The solvent cannot be too polar because it will cause spotted compounds on the TLC plate to rise up too fast, while a very non-polar solvent will not allow the spots to move. The polarity of the spots also determines how far it moves on the plate; non-polar spots are higher than polar ones. After spots on the TLC form, the Rf values are calculated and used to analyze the similarity of the compounds.
A cup of Chunky milk ~ A cup of Vinegar ~ 4 Dozens of eggs ~ 48 plastic cups ~ Pair of plastic exam gloves ~A tub of clear
Adetutu Okupe Bio 2108K Lab February 3, 2015 Data Analysis and Interpretation Objectives: In this experiment, the assumption that severely obsessed hyperparathyroidism primary patient has larger glands and higher levels of parathyroid hormone. In determining this fact, the variables collected would be used to establish if the hypothesis is true or not. Introduction: To proceed with this experiment, it is imperative to understand the operational definition which is Primary hyperparathyroidism. This disease is a common endocrine disorder described by a combination of hyper-calcemia and non-suppressed serum para-thyroidism, which leads to a wide range of phenotypes ranging from asymptomatic to chronic clinical presentations.
It is available in local pharmacies as capsules for oral administration [Each capsule containing 300mg of gemfibrozil. Several HPLC methods in various body fluids[4-10] and one UV-spectrophotometric method[11] in pharmaceutical formulations have been reported and published for gemfibrozil assay. This fact prompted the author to develop a simple, inexpensive UV-spectrophotometric method for the determination of gemfibrozil in pure and in dosage forms. The present research paper describes the development and validation of the UV-spectrophotometric method for the assay of gemfibrozil in pure and from its formulation (tablets) as per ICH validation guidelines using double distilled water as
A safety audit for the gas-solid fluidization experiment was conducted. The following safety concerns were found when performing the audit: operating beyond the operational limits, spillage of the beads, risk of head injury from bending over to change the beads in the apparatus or from the low bar, and congestion of the workspace. One of the biggest safety concerns with this lab involved the small glass beads that acted as the solid in the experiment. If the gas flow rate goes below 50 standard cubic feet per hour (SCFH), the small glass beads could enter the flow meters.
INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY AMMAN Extending the Domain of the Gamma Function Math Exploration Laila Hanandeh 11/10/2014 Table of Contents: Aim 2 Factorials 2 The Zero Factorial 2 Deducing the Gamma Function 3 Working Out Example 6 Analytical Continuation 9 Gamma Function Graphs 10 Real Life Applications 11 Aim: The Gamma Function is defined as an extension of the factorial function in which its argument is for complex and real numbers.
% Drug content of all the formulations was determined and was found to have a range of 98-100% when UV-Spectrophotometer is used. This shows that drug was dispersed homogenously throughout the gels. The drug content for F13 formulation was found to be higher because of the optimum ethanol concentration. Rheological Studies of the