Science Fair Research Salt trucks pour road salt on the icy roads in the winter. Have you ever wondered why? Ice is made when the temperature drops to 32° Fahrenheit (or 0° Celsius) and water solidifies into a smooth, slippery sheet of ice. Ice is formed from individual ice crystals from snow that is collected into one space. A solid, such as ice, contains particles that are not flowing freely and have their own defined space. All particles, even in solids, vibrate, but how fast they move depends on the amount of energy they have. That energy is measured in terms of temperature, or average kinetic energy, of the solid. When a solid is warm, its energy is greater and its particles move faster. When a solid is cold, the opposite is true, …show more content…
Salt (NaCl) is primarily an electrically neutral crystalline substance produced by the reaction of a base—sodium—and an acid—chloride. Salt is technically formed when a cation (a positively charged ion) combines with an anion (a negative ion) to become electrically neutral. Salt causes freezing point depression when combined with ice. In order for salt to begin the melting process, it must come in contact with water. Fortunately, a thin film of water can generally be found on top of ice and snow. As the top layer of water tries to freeze the salt gets in the way. The total number of water molecules captured by the ice per second goes down, therefore the rate of freezing goes down. The melting occurs faster than the freezing because it is not affected by the salt. Other foreign materials can also melt ice. Salt is commonly used on roads because it is cheap and easy to obtain. Sugar (C12H22O11) is known as sucrose, a combination of fructose and glucose. It is a carbohydrate that contains 12 atoms of carbon, 22 atoms of hydrogen, and 11 atoms of oxygen. Sugar molecules arrange themselves into sugar crystals. Sugar can also cause freezing point depression and lowers the freezing point of water the same way salt does. It isn 't generally used on roads because it is more costly than salt. However, sugar does not hurt the environment like salt does if it gets into waterways. Sugar could potentially be a great ice
Beneath Our feet Experiment 1: We put different types of rocks in to three piles that were called Igneous, Metamorphic and Sedimentary. Igneous comes from a volcano. Metamorphic is heat and pressure and Sedimentary is a mixture of conglomerate, fossils and layers. Experiment 2: We put chalk and 3 spoons of sand into a cup and shook it really hard. Some of the sand turned pink which was the colour of the chalk.
Keep Salt And De-Icers At Bay If you live in a snowy or icy area, you probably use salt to keep ice away. While salt works wonderfully to melt snow and ice—and even add traction—it wreaks havoc on your concrete driveway or walkway. To keep your driveway clean and in good condition, avoid using salt. If salt happens to get onto your driveway due to driving, street sweepers, or snow plows, remove
When it comes to the topic of sugar most of us would agree that it impacted the world. Where this agreement ends ,however, is on the question of whether good or bad. Whereas some are convinced that it was a negative change, others maintain that it was a positive change. However sugar affected the world in a negative way by causing slavery, poor work condition, inequality, and low wages.
The article talked about these things in weird and wonderful ways through the pretence of a winter wonderworld. In conducting more research on the topic of ice on other planets and moons I found an interesting website that discusses the idea of ice volcanoes. The web page “Ice volcanoes in outer space?” discusses the eruption of liquid water mixed with ammonia on Pluto’s neighbouring object, Charon. It discusses that on Charon the eruption quickly formed into an ice crystal structure. However though these points are just theory as there is no way at this current point in time for us to properly find out what is happening on Charon.
Winter Driving 101: Stay Safe This Winter Winter driving can be extremely dangerous. Road conditions can change without notice. Precipitation can change from rain to sleet in a heartbeat.
When sea water freezes the ice contains just a
Sugar was a food that no person was ever known to have the power of relinquishing the desire for it (Document 3B). It was also a great sweetener for drinks like coffee and tea, but best of all it was used to make chocolate (Document 4). Over time people started wanting and consuming more and more sugar because it became such an obsession (Document 5). This shows us that people wanted sugar and over time people wanted more and more if it because they found other ways to use it. People all over the world wanted sugar and once they had a taste there was no going back.
The issue of global warming is causing the polar ice caps to melt at an accelerated rate with devastating impacts on the environment and mankind. Close your eyes. Imagine strong devastating storms destroying your city. Coastal cities under water. Arctic life disappearing.
(2011) exemplified in their study, Ono (1970) focused on a specific region in which to retrieve ice crystal samples from clouds in order to study the growth rate. The clouds sought out for the study were in areas with the temperature varying between -2°C and -32°C. With a variety of clouds to choose from, over 10,000 samples of ice crystals were collected and examined to look for any kind of similarity between ice crystals found in the sampled clouds. A connection was discovered between the growth rate of ice crystals at the defined temperature range and the ice crystal structure. The study found that certain types of ice crystals relied heavily on how cold the temperature was in order to grow, and examples were shown between columnar ice crystals and plane ice crystals depicting their size after being exposed to frigid
I chose this Theme because off my parents started a firm that produces dry ice. They started it a few years ago, I remember I was excited about using dry ice because I’d seen some videos about it and I thought it was cool. But when I started to work with it and produce it was not as fun. We fill boxes with 350kg with dry ice, but it takes around 45min to make one box.
This is a rare type of blizzard. Lake effect snow is produced during cooler weather and moves across long areas of warmer lake water. This warms the lower layer of air which picks up water vapor from the lake. Then, it rises through the cold air above and it freezes. It is placed on the downwind shores.
According to a pdf website, “usafa” found a cool way to use ice. The dry ice was used to make bubbles, so that if you were to pop them, fog would come out. This cool trick can be used in parties. Instructions and materials are in the link below. About dry ice, since it is so strange, here are some facts found on “Dry Ice Information.”
About 2,000 years ago, a Roman emperor named Nero sent his servants on a mission to find a treasure that was prized throughout the world. This mission would take the men through treacherous mountains, pitting them against avalanches, thieves, and wolves . They weren't gold or silver that the men sought: It was ice. Today, ice is so common you likely don't notice them clinking in your glass of lemonade.
Processed foods and beverages are the biggest sources of added sugar (and High fructose) in the diet. Sugar is very unhealthy and can have serious adverse effects on metabolism when consumed in excess. Sugar contains a lot of calories, with no essential nutrients. It also causes tooth decay by feeding the harmful bacteria in the mouth. For people who are inactive and eat a processed food, large amounts of fructose from added sugars get turned into fat in the liver.
If you do not want to limit yourself to the length of the extension cord, then look for a cordless electric snow blower. Cordless electric snow blower also any accident from happening. If someone does not want to be anxious about unintentionally running over the extension cord of the snow blower which is hidden under the snow, then he can buy a cordless electric snow blower for efficiently cleaning the snow without a considerable safety hazard. However, if you want to get the best cordless snow blower then you have to look for the following features carefully: Rotatable Discharge chute When a snow blower is used for removing the snow, then the large chunks of ice or rocks may come on the way.