Surya Govindaswaami Vidya Madavan English A HL 3 May 2016 The Influence of Divine Intervention on the Portrayal of Fate and Free Will in The Odyssey by Homer The Odyssey is not only considered one of the most prolific mythological epics of all time, but one of the greatest texts written by man. It recounts the arduous journey of the war hero Odysseus, in which he faced a multitude of adversities and obstacles that he had to overcome, as well as numerous challenges upon his arrival. Divine intervention, or the role of the gods, plays a predominant role in the development of the eventual fate of the main characters; Odysseus, his son, Telemachus and his wife, Penelope. Homer is able to effectively incorporate the employment of divine forces as facilitators in destiny, as well as efficiently engage the readers through his vivid description of the various predicaments faced by Odysseus. Divine intervention is a phenomenon widely used in mythological epics. The gods play protagonistic and antagonistic roles; they essentially toy with the character until his fate is evident. Homer utilizes this right from the very beginning; we see Athena coming to the aid of Odysseus when Zeus refuses to have sympathy for him due to the fact that most heroes blame the Gods for their doom; “Aegisthus died the death he deserved… But brave Odysseus’ fate does break my heart” (p.4) Immediately, we witness the effect of divine intervention on Odysseus’ fate take hold. Even before we are introduced
Martin Luther once said,” We are nothing with all our gifts be they ever so great, except God assist us.” Throughout, the whole tale, Odysseus leans upon the Gods in times of trouble, and in return they assist him. Homer composes this Epic Poetry of The Odyssey, in which the God’s play a critical role in crafting Odysseus’ personality while also giving him the proper resources to aid him through the calamity. Firstly, the God’s give Odysseus the necessary resources to help him get through the troubles.
Lesdy Torres Mrs.Gonzales English II 5 November, 2015 Recklessness vs. Wisdom and Coming of Age The Odyssey by Homer is a great epic that shows the journey of Odysseus, a man trying to get home back to his family. Throughout the epic, Odysseus faces many obstacles that lead him farther and farther away from home. Throughout book 1-12 the pattern of recklessness vs. wisdom sets the dominant tone of the story and is closely interwoven with the pattern of coming-of-age.
God in the Tanakh continuously distances himself from man’s actions with the intention of watching his Israelites obedience towards his principles in order to determine his people’s worthiness for protection. The shift God displays from a commanding ruler to a distant Lord highlights this message as the Israelites struggles to remain true to their Lord’s principles of life results in them controlling their fate; both individually and as a group. An excerpt from the book of Judges exemplifies the initial reaction to this development through the tale of Abimelech, a man who desires the position of nobility. His methods revolve around massacring “seventy men on one stone. ”(Judges 9:5).
Do the gods in The Odyssey aid the humans or make their existence miserable? The gods, fate, and one’s free will intervene with one another and create the events of the epic. However, the gods have more influence on the fate of the mortals than a mortal’s free will. Although this may be true, humans can determine small variables in their lives. The Odyssey is an epic poem by Homer that depicts Odysseus’ 10-year struggle to return home to Ithaka after fighting in the Trojan War.
Three somewhat distinct forces shape the lives of men and women in The Odyssey: fate, the interventions of the gods, and the actions of the men and women themselves. Fate is the force of death in the midst of life, the destination each man or woman will ultimately reach. Though the gods seem all-powerful, "not even the gods/ can defend a man, not even one they love, that day/ when fate takes hold and
Many people rely on a sense of linear time, oftentimes looking at life as a timeline of early years, middle years, and then eventual death. To deal with this, many may make to-do lists and attempt to “manage time”. This sense of time is known as chronos, named after a Greek titan who was overthrown by his father and cast into Tartarus, a prison for titans, where he still ticks. One is always able to feel the effects of the ticking clock, and time may feel like a burden. Despite this linear understanding of time, the Greeks understood that life is not a rut, and thus developed a different sense of time known as kairos.
Trouble frequently arises throughout his journey as the meddling of the gods often hinders his progress. Almost every action Odysseus takes is influenced by the gods in some way. This creates conflict between the function of fate and free will in Odysseus’ decision making. Thus, it is questioned whether Odysseus’ destiny is acquired through his own free will or through the actions of the gods.
First Athena, Zeus and the rest of the gods had a lot of Sympathy for Odysseus because he has been gone from his homeland, Ithaca for decades, and lately he has been trapped on an Island with Calypso. The gods decide to use their super powers to help him get home. This is stated in the excerpt, "That
“The Odyssey” is an Epic Poem which discusses the life story of Odysseus. The main focus of the poem is the journey of Odysseus and his way back home. Certain events distract him, most importantly; his encounter with the Gods, Goddesses. It takes Odysseus all of what it takes to head back home, including his bravery and intelligence. These qualities in Odysseus not only help himself but his men survive through the chaos of the journey called “The Odyssey”.
In the book called The Odyssey by Homer, it mainly follows the story of a king of a village called Ithaca, hundreds of years ago-This man, is named Odysseus. Odysseus goes through many adventures after the victory of the Trojan War. However, this is where Odysseus, is not being as strong as a great war hero and a king as he should be. Although Odysseus was seen as a very strong person, physically and mentally, he lacks the appreciation and the care of his crew throughout the trials and didn’t think through many of his actions thoroughly and how they would affect not only his crew but people around him.
The Odyssey by Homer revolves around the character, Odysseus, and his ten-year struggle to return home after the Trojan War. As the epic’s idol, he displays the combination of a clever, handsome, and courageous man popular among the mortals as well as the gods. Essentially, he embodies the ideals of the ancient Greek culture, being adorned with many favored characteristics of the era. However, an intriguing aspect of Odysseus lies in his personality. As the protagonist, he does not manifest the entirety of a stereotypical hero because Odysseus has a fatal flaw—his arrogance.
In both pieces of text, The Odyssey and Cinderella. A divine intervention shows that both characters are important to beings of higher power. A divine intervention is present in The Odyssey when Athena helps Odysseus. “The story of Odysseus begins with the goddess Athena appealing to Zeus to help Odysseus” (Homer 1204). The main purpose of this archetype is to show that Odysseus is important and special.
Should destiny intend that he shall see his roof again among his family in his father land, far be that day, and dark the years between. Let him lose all companions, and return under strange sail to bitter days at home. " The theme of divine intervention is shown as Poseidon hinders Odysseus on his way to Ithaca by the curse, which made it years before Odysseus returns home whereas he would have returned in a matter of days, had Aeolus helped Odysseus again, but he didn't because he believed "their voyage has been cursed by the gods" (Homer 16). Homer demonstrates Athena's divine intervention through her providence towards Odysseus. Athena aids Odysseus multiple times throughout The Odyssey, an example of this is when she disguises Odysseus as a beggar in book 17 of The Odyssey to protect him from the suitors.
Theurgy: Internal and External Influences in Classic Literature Within two classic pieces, The Odyssey and The Tempest, the presence of theurgy, which is to say the “operation or effect of a supernatural or divine agency in human affairs”(Meriam Webster Dictionary, 2015) presents itself in support of the central characters. While both protagonists are aided by means of divine or magical influence, this power results differently. In the case of Odysseus, he is aided to his throne by the hand of Athena and several other gods and goddesses. Divinity is used as an exclusively external force within The Odyssey.
Heroism, tends to be difficult to define and remarkably ambiguous in literary works. In the Odyssey, however, Homer clearly defines a hero as a humble, determined, and loyal individual; thus, according to Homer, it is not enough to claim to be a hero, but it is also important to exhibit those qualities that Homer values as heroism. Odysseus, despite claiming heroism, upholds these traits inconsistently, as seen in his taunting of Polyphemus. In contrast, Telemachus, Odysseus’ overlooked son, dramatically grows up over the course of the epic and ultimately reveals his truly heroic qualities by the end of the poem. Thus, because Odysseus claims to be a hero, but fails to remain humble, determined, and loyal throughout the epic, he is not a hero.