Glycol Synthesis Lab Report

Using filtration sodium acetate was separated, and the filtrate was evaporated to obtain syrup and fractionated at a boiling point of 133-136 °C. The obtained product dissolved in hydrogen bromide of glacial acetic acid and this mixture reaction kept in an ice bath for 1hr. According to procedure, the product was methylated to obtain 1bromo-2, 3, 4, 6-tetramethylglucose.

Lab Report 5: Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) Synthesis Name: Divya Mehta Student #: 139006548 Date Conducted: November 19th 2014 Date Submitted: November 26th 2014 Partner’s Name: Kirsten Matthews Lab Section: Wednesday 2:30 L9 IAs Name: Brittany Doerr Procedure: For the procedure, see lab manual (CH110 Lab Manual, Fall 2014) pages 96-98. Wilfrid Laurier University Chemistry Department. Fall 2014. Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) Synthesis.

Toxins are present in everyday life in a variety of places. Ethylene glycol, commonly found in antifreeze and other household products. Ethylene glycol can be toxic to humans, as well as pets. With antifreeze founds in many households, it is common for pets to find and ingest this toxin. Commonly found in garages where antifreeze is kept, the sweet tasting liquid is often was entices pets to drink it up.

Solvent n-hexane, ethyl acetate and acetone will use to elute the column in isolation of chemical constituents of figeroots chloroform partition. The solvent system of different ratios of hexane, hexane/ethyl acetate, hexane/acetone, and acetone will use. Silica gel 60 (mesh 230-400 ASTM) will use to pack CC. In order to achieve good separation, mass ratio of silica gel to compound 20:1and 50:1 will use. 3.10.2Column Packing Before starting to pack a column, a small piece of cotton is gently will insert into the centre hole of column with the aid of a long stick.

Light yellow crystals; yield 87 %; mp. 118 ⁰C; 1H-NMR (CDCl3): δ 8.41 (m, 1H), 8.22 (m, 1H); 7.92 (m, 1H), 7.75 (m, 1H); 2.15(s, 3H); FT-IR: 3093, 2989, 1608, 1581, 1527, 1496, 1411, 1344, 1305, 1280, 1257, 1112, 1089, 1024, 987, 854, 750, 723 cm-1. 5-methyl-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-tetrazole (2). White crystals; yield 87 %; mp. 82 ⁰C; 1H-NMR (CDCl3): δ 7.65 (dd, 2H), 7.39 (dd, 2H); 2.42(s, 3H); FT-IR (KBr): 3120, 2983, 1600, 1514, 1411, 1383, 1274, 1230, 1157, 1093, 1041, 989, 839, 690, 613 cm-1.

The residue was reconstituted in 50 µL of mobile phase and 30 µL were injected onto the HPLC

5.5.4.1. Preparation of Binder solutions: 5 gm of PVP K-30 in 70:30 Isopropyl alcohol and water is taken and solubilized with a magnetic stirrer and the volume was made upto 100 ml with isopropyl alcohol and water solution. 5.5.4.2. Preparation of Coating Solutions: A) Pectin Solution:  In a 250 ml beaker take 100 ml solution of Isopropyl alcohol : acetone (60 : 40).

Propylene Glycol Propylene Glycol is found in antifreeze, it is a humectant which means it is hydrating but is also a skin irritant. It is widely found in skin care products such as body washes, deodorants, shampoo, conditioner and liquid for e-cigarettes. This is because it is cheaper for companies to add this to their products rather than using botanical ingredients. By adding Propylene Glycol it prevents the product from spoiling in hot and cold temperature and helps products to sink into the skin. Although Propylene Glycolic can work into the blood stream.

Introduction to glycogen and glucose Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. The polysaccharide structure represents the main storage form of glucose in the body. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles hydrated with three or four parts of water. Glycogen functions as the secondary long-term energy storage, with the primary energy stores being fats held in adipose tissue.

Power in anaerobic conditions represents an expression of strength at speed (strength/speed = power) measured in Watts (W) (Draper and Marshall, 2014). Glycolysis is a 10-step process in which the breakdown/catabolism of glucose occurs to synthesize/produce ATP (Adenosine Tri phosphate) otherwise known as energy for the body. Glycolysis produces a lot of power and is the predominant energy system for maximal effort lasting between 30 seconds to 2 minutes (Karp, 2009). It has been estimated in a study by Baker, McCormick and Robergs (2010) that over a 30 second sprint glycolysis accounts for 49% of energy production, and over a 10 second sprint 44%. During a single short sprint (5-6 second) Glaister (2005) states that ATP is resynthesized from

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an auto- immune disease (Giofsky et al., 2012) in which immune system of body by mistake attacks the healthy tissues especially the joints and their surrounding tissues. It is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disease affecting approximately 0.5% of the population. Rheumatic arthritis is more common in women and may occur at any age, with peak incidence at ages 50 to 60 years. The most prominent feature is symmetrical joint swelling of the feet, hands, and knees, although any joint (Tunr et al., 2010).

Mc =-(ƥpVsØ1/3)/(ln(1-Ø)+ Ø+ƛØ2) (1) where Vs is the molar volume of the solvent, ƥp is the density of the polymer and Ø is the volume fraction of the polymer in the swollen state. χ is the polymer solvent interaction parameter. The polymer solvent interaction parameter can be calculated by using the following equation,23 〖 χ〗_ =0.34+(V_s (〖δ_p-δ_s)〗^2)/RT (2)

4.1 Chemicals The magnetic particles Dynabeads® MyOneTM Carboxylic Acid were from Invitrogen (Life Technologies, Van Alley, CA, USA). The hepcidin standard was obtained from Peptide Institute Inc (Osaka, Japan), N-ethyl-N’-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and 2-(N-morpholino)-ethane sulfonic acid (MES) from Calbiochem® (Merck), and phosphate buffer saline (PBS) from Sigma Aldrich. The solvents used, such as formic acid and acetonitrile, were LC-MS grade and were purchased from Panreac (Castelar del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain). The ultra-high quality (UHQ) water was produced using a Millipore water purification system.

2nd step: The second step consist of the start point of glycogenesis and it’s a reversible reaction which transform the Glucose -6P to Glucose -1P. The enzymes responsible from this reaction is the Phosphoglucomutase. Glucose -6P Glucose -1P The phosphoglucomutase catalyze the reaction by moving a functional group, here it’s a phosphate group. 3rd step: The third step consist to transform the Glucose -1P to UDP-Glucose.

There are two turns of the Krebs cycle for each 6C glucose input. Furthermore, when computing the possible net ATP yield, two link reactions and a Glycolysis must considered. There is a probable yield of 38 molecules of ATP from the breakdown of one glucose molecule in aerobic respiration. Simply put, glucose is a large stable molecule with lots of chemical energy trapped in its bonds. It is easy to release this energy explosively, say, by combustion; but that would damage the cell, and most of the energy would be lost as useless heat.