Sexual Assault can be defined differently depending upon the state or jurisdiction where different laws are established to define what sexual assault with that region. Sexual assault is sexual behavior or contact that can be rape or forced penetration, attempted rape, forcing sexual acts, or molestation. It is a form of control where a perpetrator has power over a victim To be more specific The FBI defines rape as, “penetration, no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim.” (FBI.gov) “While rape is a form of sexual assault, not all sexual assault is rape.” Within the past fifty years Forensic Technology has advanced, and has …show more content…
A rape kits is most useful when the victim has a sexual assault exam with 24 hours of the assault. The first thing a victim will want to do is take a shower and change their clothing, as the victim is considered a crime scene and if the evidence is washed away it will be difficult to obtain evidence. Materials. A rape kit includes everything a Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (SANE) needs in order to properly conduct an exam. The kit includes items such as: a checklist, materials, and instructions, along with envelopes and containers to package any specimens collected during the exam. The contents of the kit may include: Bags and paper sheets for evidence collection, Comb, Documentation forms, Envelopes, Instructions, Materials for blood samples, Swabs, etc. (RAINN.org) Procedure. Immediate care. Any critical injuries or care will be the first …show more content…
The isolation of DNA is taking DNA from a sample known and unknown in order to find the suspect. Processing DNA is the step to ensure results can be obtained. By looking at specific sections of DNA results can be obtained to then determine if the DNA is a match by comparison and interpretation. After the presumptive testing, confirmatory testing will be performed to further test the positive matches that presumptive revealed. “When a sufficient number of tests have been performed in which an individual cannot be excluded as the source of the DNA by any of the tests, a point is reached at which the tests have excluded virtually the world 's population and the unique identification of that individual as the source of the DNA has been achieved.” (NIJ.org)All samples would these include known samples to refer to (usually sample of victim DNA) Exclusion of DNA is where a negative result is obtained, and a positive match is inclusion and a DNA profile is
The force necessary to support a conviction of rape need only be such as to establish lack of consent and to induce the victim to submit without additional resistance. The degree of force required to constitute rape is relative and depends on the facts and particular circumstance of the
Who Was She? A DNA Test Only Opened New Mysteries Libby Copeland, in “Who Was She? A DNA Test Only Opened New Mysteries,” discusses the increased popularity of DNA testing, the process, and the impact the results can have on the people who choose this path. In the article, Copeland effectively uses structure, tone, word choice and other rhetoric devices to establish her purpose of informing her readers about the effects of DNA testing. Copeland writes the article not only to inform, but also to engage and interest the general public, or anyone considering DNA testing.
Although, in our lab report, suspect ones DNA matched the crime scene when cut with enzyme one, this can be explained by how closely related the two suspects are. Therefore two enzymes were used to cut the DNA; the suspect has to match both. Moreover, the limitation to DNA fingerprinting is, if a person were to have an identical twin. This is because identical twins have the same DNA because they come from the same egg. If a suspect’s DNA matched that of the one being tested, and they had an identical twin, a farther investigation would need to be done.
One of the most accurate methods of connecting a suspect with a crime is through the use of DNA analysis. Even if no fingerprints are left behind at a robbery, for instance, a single strand of hair or skin cell from the thief can be used to positively identify a suspect. Conversely, if a suspect’s DNA does not match samples procured from a crime scene, the use of so-called “genetic fingerprinting” can exonerate, or clear, them. Concern over the issue of wrongful convictions, coupled with a sense of greater trust in DNA analysis over other, more conventional methods of prosecution, such as eyewitness testimony, has led some to call for mandatory DNA testing before any person begins serving a sentence for a serious crime, as well as
These laws prohibit the alleged rape victims sexual history from being disclosed during a trial or to the court and jury. Legislation also made laws so that offenders would not be able to drop their charges by stating that a teenager or child looked older then they are. Convictions were also increased with the help of DNA and rape kits. This helps many women indentify and convict their attackers by running evidence through fingerprint and DNA databases, which accurately indentify who assaulted the victim. Technology advancements have also allowed forensics to indentify people even when only a few particles of DNA are left at the crime scene.
In society and college campuses, sexual assault occurs quite frequently. According to an estimation one third of women experience a forced sexual experience at least once in their life and most of the time it occurs in colleges. Men have also been reported to be victim of sexual assaults mostly by other men. Most of the time the sexual assault is planned and perpetrated by a third person, who is known to the victim of incident. Drug and alcohol use play role in this issue and contribute to the problem as most of the time the victim and perpetrators are under the effect of alcohol or any other drug during the incident.
Compelling Evidence In today’s society, high-tech gadgets and the media have given the impression the essential necessity for forensic evidence in order to convict. Once in a while, cases like the Laci Peterson murder come along with little forensic evidence but a whole lot of circumstantial evidence and motive. In the following paragraphs, I will discuss the forensic evidence discovered that led to the conviction and death sentencing of Laci’s husband, Scott Peterson.
DNA Fingerprinting on Trial is an article written in 1989 by Ian Evett, Peter Gill, and two others. The article begins by introducing what DNA is and discussing briefly what restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) are, as well as how they are measured with an electrophoresis gel. According to the authors, forensic RFLP testing at this time was being “pioneered” by two laboratories and used by the FBI. The authors then go on to say they believe “the scientific community [has] failed to set rigorous standards to which courts, attorneys and forensic-testing laboratories can look for guidance.” Essentially, the authors think that the techniques used in 1989 for forensic DNA analysis are inadequate and they discuss certain situations in
According to the Rape, Abuse, and Incest National Network, another person endures sexual assault every 98 seconds. This information may have been shocking ten years ago, but for many, this news is a basic fact of life. Sexual assault cases have continued to become more and more common as time goes on. What is causing this surge in unwanted physical contact? The cause of sexual assault is one hundred percent of the time, the assaulter’s fault.
The police searched Robert Pickton’s farm, and found 80 DNA profiles of both men and women retrieved on pillowslips, inhalers, syringes, jackets, lipsticks, boots, bags and many more objects that were identified by forensic biologists (Palmer et al., n.d.). Additional assistance in this case was from “forensic scientists, odontologists, foot morphologists, chemical biologists, and archaeologists” (Mudede, Selcer, Berentson, & Lovejoy, 2003). However, due to the location and brutality of this investigation, forensic anthropology was the major forensic discipline in this case. Forensic anthropologists analyze human remains and apply it in a legal context. They use the study of bone and from that, they determine how a person died as well as the age, gender, height and ancestry of the deceased that leads to the identification of a human being (Forensic Anthropologist, 2015).
The United States is facing a growing problem that shows no signs of slowing: sexual assaults on college campuses. Possible reasons for this epidemic are explained by Janet Napolitano, the current president of the University of California. She describes that “young adults live independently and in close proximity to one another for the first time” while attending college (Napolitano 387). The college setting provides students with opportunities to take advantage of one another. As a result, sexual assaults have become an issue across universities in the United States.
There are numerous definitions of rape culture. The most accurate definition of rape culture is, “a complex set of beliefs that encourage male sexual aggression and supports violence against women . . . In a rape culture, women perceive a continuum of threatened violence that ranges from sexual remarks to sexual touching to rape itself. A rape culture condones physical and emotional terrorism against women as the norm . . . In a rape culture, both men and women assume that sexual violence is a fact of life, inevitable.”
Genre Piece 3- Newspaper A rape case resulting in a cold hit is described in the newspaper. In it a woman named Jenny Jones was sexually assaulted 20 years ago and has never received justice until now. Her rape was a cold hit along with several other victims. Jones’s rape case had gone cold because her rape kit had been left to gather dust and was deemed no longer recent enough to bother with.
They will watch the CCTV or use the scientific evidence to identify criminals, such as DNA profiling and fingerprint profiling. Forensic scientists can use DNA at a crime scene to identify a matching DNA of an individual, such as a perpetrator. This process is formally termed DNA profiling, but may also be called "genetic fingerprinting". The development of forensic science and the ability to now obtain genetic matching on minute samples of blood, skin, saliva or hair has led to a re-examination of a number of cases. Also, human fingerprints are exhaustive, assumed to be nearly unique, hard to change and durable over the life of an individual, making them suitable as long-term markers of human identity.
Sexual assault and sexual abuse are two common types of sexual violence. Sexual assault is a sexual act that could be committed by anyone no matter what kind of relationship they have with the victim. Sexual abuse is an undesired sexual behaviour that was forced upon a person; sexual abuse can be possible to happen for any gender and at any age. So, in case you don’t know sexual assault can be a touch on somewhere you don’t want anyone to touch For example, your thigh, neck...