The Same Impact As The Desegregation Of Interstate Travel

“What can more certainly arouse race hate, what more certainly create and perpetuate a feeling of distrust between these races, than state enactments which, in fact, proceed on the ground that colored citizens are so inferior and degraded that they cannot be allowed to sit in public coaches occupied by white citizens?”- John Marshall Harlan. On May 18, 1896, the Supreme court passed the separate but equal act on a vote of 7-1. This allowed separate facilities to be made for whites and blacks. This was the result of the Plessy vs Ferguson case, where a man was forced out of a whites-only car because he had African descent. The Supreme court couldn’t find any differences in the train cars, yet separate facilities for blacks had a decrease in quality.

One of their main targets were two forms of transportation, streetcars and horsecars. They organized many protests and eventually “the streetcar gave in and announced that segregation was ended” (215). Even though the accomplished one major problem, it truly wasn’t solved and there were many more to go. After years of fighting for their rights in office, several African Americans finally were elected into office.

In addition to being a major supporter of these organizations Farmer also actively supported equality by leading the charge with The Freedom Rides in order to integrate public transportation. Therefore, it is with pleasure that this research paper be written to exemplify the tremendous efforts put forward by James Farmer through his actions with the Freedom Rides, influence in government, creation of pivotal organizations such as CORE and SNCC and his unyielding passion for equality. Background James Leonard Farmer Jr. was a major advocate and supporter of the Civil Rights movement who pushed for nonviolent reform and true equality.

Third, the third way that Black Louisianan’s resisted Jim Crow segregation during the Great Migration was by not using the service. “…no, I am tired. I need to sit down…driver said) ‘I said get up’ and he wouldn’t let us sit down.” Document D. “…no Black people are going to ride the bus the next morning.” This resistance is effective because your voice is heard along with everyone else.

Imagine a time where all races are separated. One day that will all change. In the 1950s, there was a fearless African American lady who stood up to racial segregation. That started the protests towards the unfair, racial discrimination. African Americans weren’t allowed to use any white public facilities such as schools, bathrooms, and parks.

Lyndon Johnson’s efforts towards establishing a Great Society prompted widespread change in civil rights in the United States by causing bills like the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 to be put into effect. Lyndon Johnson was president during a time in which racism was running rampant in the southern parts of the United States. Many public facilities were segregated and while they were technically required to be of equal quality, they often were not. In Lyndon B. Johnson’s Great Society vision all people were equal so on July 2, 1964 Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 into effect, “ declaring once and for all that discrimination for any reason on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national

The Plessy v. Ferguson case is a landmark legal decision that had a profound impact on the United States. The case, which involved the constitutionality of racial segregation in public facilities, became a catalyst for the civil rights movement by inspiring people of color to demand their rights and challenging the legal framework of systemic racism. The outcome of the case led to greater awareness of the pervasive nature of racism in American society and ultimately contributed to efforts towards greater racial unity. In this essay, we will explore the various ways in which the Plessy v. Ferguson case impacted the nation and how it contributed to the fight for racial equality and justice. During the 1890s, a pivotal event in American history

Ferguson and Brown v. Board represent two major milestones in American race relations on opposite sides of the spectrum of progress. Following the Plessy v. Ferguson decision, Jim Crow laws were essentially authorized under Supreme Court decree and marked a dark period of segregation entering the 1900s. Public facilities, like education, were blatantly insufficient and underfunded for blacks nationwide under the guise of “separate but equal” doctrine. However, a multitude of factors in the early 20th century resulted in major accomplishments by the 1950s with the aid of prominent figures like the NAACP and Martin Luther King Jr. to improve American society for the better. Despite nationwide resistance from both local and national government, Brown v. Board was the beginning of the end for segregated America.

Introduction Racial tension, degradation, and segregation has been a staple in the United States since it’s parturition. The idea of separation based on race was a way to control, humiliate and dehumanize people of color. When the Europeans came by ship to America they bullied, murdered, and raped their way into ownership of this country. They separated the Natives into different corners of the U.S, took their land, destroyed their culture and desecrated their holy ground. When the Europeans brought Africans over as slaves they separated them as well.

Arguably the most significant civil rights activist in American history, led the boycott to victory. Consequently, the U.S. Supreme Court declared racial segregation for public transportation as unconstitutional. Here by, "***INSERT LAW -QUOTED**** BROWDER VS GALE 1956

Historic Context: The late 1800s was a time of racial hardship for many coloured citizens, particularly those who identified as Black. Slavery was recently abolished in the United States and citizens and the government would frequently clash together as people stood up to defend their constitutional rights. In one state, Louisiana, racial tension got so bad that in 1890 the state passed a law mandating separate train cars for people of different races; this law was known as the Separate Car Act. Keep in mind that this law was one of the hundreds passed across the country to uphold the cruel and discriminatory Jim Crow Laws.

The Freedom Riders actively fought these Jim Crow Laws to try to remove interstate bus traveling segregation. “‘The first group of Freedom Riders were 12 individuals-- six blacks, six whites-- who got on Greyhound buses and Trailways buses and decided they’re going to go from Washington, D.C., down to New Orleans,’ Nelson told ABC News. ‘They’re going to sit together on the front of the buses. They’re going to eat together in the restaurants in the bus stations. The white people are going to use the coloreds only restrooms, the African-Americans are going to use the whites only restrooms, and they’re going to really test the law and see what happens.’”

By the time the freedom riders had begun their efforts, the Supreme Court had twice handed down decisions — first in 1946, in Morgan v. Virginia, and 14 years later in Boynton v. Virginia — declaring segregation on buses and trains traveling between states a violation of interstate commerce laws. But Jim Crow traditions meant an ugly disregard for what was already

After Rosa parks refused to give her seat to white passenger and was arrested. The black people decided to launch a boycott. It denoted all of African Americans walked instead of riding a bus. The boycotters hoped the bus companies would lose money and be forced to abandon their segregation policy. After a year bus boycott, a unit state’s District Court ruling in Browder V. Gayle banned racial segregation on all Montgomery public buses.

After the success with Brown v. Board of Education the segregation battle continued with public transportation. Despite segregated seating on public buses, bus drivers in Montgomery forced African Americans out of their seats for white individuals. If they did not obey the bus driver had the legal right to arrest their orders. Brown v. Board of Education opened doors to challenge the issue of segregation in many other areas as well, such as public transportation. Even though the U.S District Court ruled segregation on public buses as unconstitutional, the city of Montgomery decided to appeal the courts decision to the U.S Supreme Court and continued with public bus segregation.