Treaties Vs First Nations

The translator was supposed to act neutral during the negotiations, but the translator did not have enough grasp of the Ojibwe language to translate thoroughly. After it was said and done, Alexander Ramsey boasted about buying each acre for only 5 cents from the Ojibwe tribe as it was the cheapest price ever per acre done through a land cession treaty. As said from Henry Whipple an advocate for Native Americans, "from beginning to end a fraud…"(Folwell). Not only did the Ojibwe tribe get swindled but the United States senate refused to ratify the treaty because it was to favorable to the indigenous people. The United States senate made significant changes throughout the Old Crossing Treaty.

The United States and the Iroquois have several comparisons in their constitutions. These constitutions were made to keep the people of their nation protected. “The name of these roots is the Great White Roots and their nature is peace and strength.” (24).

Don’t forget, these treaties were only an agreement. In March of 1775, The Wilderness Road project started and would eventually travel through a notch in the Appalachian Mountains called the Cumberland Gap. This fundamentally changed travel through the

This version surrendered additional land for the Indians, promised Sioux tribes land from the Missouri River to the Black Hills and prohibited entry of white men onto Indian Land, as said in the treaty, “and the United States now solemnly agrees that no persons, except those herein designated and authorized so to do, and except such officers, agents, and employees of the government as may be authorized to enter upon Indian reservations in discharge of duties enjoined by law, shall ever be permitted to pass over, settle upon, or reside in the territory described in this article,….". The purpose of this treaty was to abandon the Bozeman Trail and guarantee the Indians control of the Black Hills that were scared to the Lakota Sioux. This version did offer many good things for the Indian tribes but it also proposed other conditions that the Native Americans must follow, such as, “…they will withdraw all opposition to the construction of the railroads now being built on the plains. 2d. That they will permit the peaceful construction of any railroad not passing over their reservation as herein defined.

we cannot understand it” (Kulchyski 101). The Nisga’a people were the predominant group of people that fought for their land rights; they took it to petition, however it failed. There was a second royal commission, and Gideon Minesque spoke for the Nisga’a people once again, talking about how the Europeans are dreaming that the land belongs to them while in reality, it actually belongs to the Nisga’a people. This land issue affected everyone greatly to the point where a new organization was created for intense lobbying; they were called the Allied Tribes of British Columbia. Canada also forgot about the land that they actually owned.

McGillivaray was an Creek leader who was easy for Washington to communicate with for McGillivray spoke english. Washington’s idea of the Native Americans was that they needed to be regarded as independent nations, and with that idea, Washington thought of his first solution to the “Native American Problem”. “He envisioned multiple sanctuaries or “homelands” under tribal control and federal protection.” Chief McGillivray disagreed with this proposal which forced Washington to think of a new one. This time Washington came up with a treaty that read “The United States solemnly guarantee to the Creek Nation, all their lands within the limits of the United States to the westward and southward of the boundary described in the proceeding article.”

The Native Americans might would have been violent because they didn’t know their intentions. It was important because they were able to negotiate, without the English taking advantage of the Native Americans. When the Pokanoket tribe and the Plymouth colony settlers formed the treaty, it

The “loose association” among the Seminole bands and disagreements among members within the bands gave rise to many unknowns about the intentions behind those who signed the treaty, and those Seminoles in Florida who refused to accept the authority of the chiefs who travelled to the Indian Territory. Furthermore, the African Americans among the Seminoles, including Abraham, were convinced that moving to the Indian Territory, where the Creeks occupied the land, risked re-enslavement. Like many white planters, the Creeks persisted with federal claims on escaped slaves who sought refuge among the Seminoles. The African Americans, Abraham among them, fearing this, worked hard at convincing the Seminole Indians to oppose removal.

The focal point of the meeting was to negotiate a peace treaty between the Americans and Indians that would give the Creeks the land that was already theirs; It also served to end the gruesome war from the South-west borderline. The treaty was the first treaty between Americans and indians that did not happen on indian controlled soil. The Treaty of New York was signed in 1790; there was a failed treaty attempt between the U.S and Creeks at "Rock Landing, Georgia", in 1789. It was a 3 week negotiation that seemed to have never happened; it was almost completely unrecorded except for the final declarations. McGillivray expressed his gripes in a letter that was sent to the U.S commissioners.

As miners, ranchers and farmers moved west it changed the way of life for the Indians who called the west their home. The Indians struggled to keep control of their hunting lands and at first tried to work with the U. S. Government through treaties. On page 594 of the textbook it states that the “U.S. government tried to avoid disputes by negotiating the Treaty of Fort Laramie, further in the passage the textbook notes that the Indians “...allowed the United States to build forts and roads and to travel across the Indian

Even when treaties were used in place of violence, the Native Americans were treated with little respect by the settlers. One example of this can be found in the story of The First Treaty of Fort Laramie. The First Treaty of Fort Laramie claimed that if the Native American peoples remained in the reservations, the United States government would send them annual payments of $50,000 dollars. However, many of these payments would never be delivered. This failure of the U.S. Government would lead to increasing amounts of starvation among the

(Document Q) This letter captures native Americans view on the colonists and how they have fear instilled in them by the colonists. Three years prior to this letter being written, a clause in the northern ordinance was written with the intent to put an end to violence against the natives. The “utmost good faith” clause that was issued in 1787 stated that there shall always be “good faith” between the present day Americans and the natives. It also assured their “property, rights, and liberty.”

The Treaty of Greenville was signed on August 3, 1795, at Fort Greenville. The treaty established what became known as the Greenville Treaty Line, which was for several years a boundary between Native American territory and lands open to European-American settlers. The latter frequently disregarded the treaty line as they continued to encroach on Native American lands. Even though they did have a few similarities, the differences are infinite. Federalists supported a strong central government, and advocated the ratification of the new constitution.

This treaty was between the Dakota and Pike/US. Through signing treaties with the US government, the Dakota lost the majority of their land. The Dakota became very dependant on Government goods since they lost their hunting lands. The U.S Government kicked out the Native Americans for room for the white settlers. Minnesota became a territory until it took

By doing this, colonial Canadians assumed that aboriginal cultural and spiritual beliefs were invalid in relation to European beliefs (244). The problem with ridding the First Nations Peoples of their languages, as Williston points out is to “deprive them of the sense of place that has defined them for thousands of years” (245). The private schooling system was an attack on First Nations identities, and their identity is rooted in “a respect for nature and its processes” (245).