What Are Some Ethical Issues In Health Care

Today's health care system is difficult to understand. It has undergone dramatic changes over the years. There are many changes that shift the movement from "an indemnity plan to a managed care system. " Not only has the U.S. health care system undergone dramatic changes, but as well continues to evolve to a rapid pace (Conklin, 2002).

Reading this article for the elderly care, I feel that ethical issues commonly occur anywhere in the treatment of older patients. I had a clinical experience both in an acute-care hospital and in a long-term care facility. Before working in a long-term facility, I was not aware of how many ethical principles were violated in the treatment of older patients as a daily routine as stated in the article. In reality, there are many situations in which older patients don’t completely exhibit their autonomy because they are vulnerable physically and emotionally and dependent on others. Therefore, they become more conscious of caregivers or healthcare professionals.

The APA established ethical standards for internal factors including competence, privacy/confidentiality, record keeping and fees, education and training, and assessments for the purpose of government and/or professional associations, employers and other funding bodies that require accurate and appropriate records to be kept of the contact that they have with clientele. The vital aspect of keeping records is an of immense importance to the professional world. Simply put, the mere reason is that professionals need means of accountability for the services that they provide to others. They need a method of showing accuracy, and up-to-date data on their services provided. The aforementioned data would in fact best be served and supported through records.

Issues central to the development of nursing in the future are best defined in an article by Barbara Ehrenreich (1979) entitled “The Emergence of Nursing as a Political Force” in Policy & politics in nursing and health care by By Mason, Leavitt, & Chaffee. This article was very informative in describing our current healthcare system and the role nurses play as advocates of social and political change. As stated by the ANA in a letter to President Trump in 2016, “as the largest group of healthcare professionals and the nations most trusted profession, nurses are a valuable resource for improving the nation’s healthcare delivery system.” Additionally, the ANA stated that healthcare reform was imperative in this country and should focus on providing

D-The patient arrived on time for her session and informed this writer that she has decided to remain with the clinic as she learned on her own that no detox facility will accept her because she is testing negative and currently on methadone. The patient further mentioned that she is questioning as to whether or not her sister and her mother would help her as they said they would; however, the patient had a moment and looked back when her family did not help her as she struggled with her children. Furthermore, the patient reports, her sister did not give her the $80.00 for her rent. The patient reports that she had asked some guy for assistance. This writer addressed with the patient about her employment status and money management.

Nurses might work with various interests such as community organizations, lawmakers, or national organizations. Some advanced

Ethical theories are ways of telling right from wrong and include guidelines of how to live and act in an ethical way. For example when faced with a difficult situation in your life, you can use ethical theories to assist you in making the right decision. One key theory is consequentialism, which says that an individual’s correct moral response is related to the outcome/ consequence of the act and not its intentions/ motives. Early writers on this theory were Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, a modern writer is Peter Singer. For example Brenda Grey has asked for the asthma specialist to visit her weekly, and to decide if this is necessary the professionals involved have to look at how it would affect her wellbeing.

According to Shilton’s Advocacy Model, it is important to identify the evidence sources that will support the model and ensure that it remains on course to achieving the objectives. In health care advocacy, lobbying is one of the strategies applied in supporting the sources of information for a strategy (Hansen-Turtonet et al., 2010). As a result, some of the sources of information that will apply in the strategy include the government websites that list the importance of nurse-managed health centers and why they need community support. In using the lobbying method to advocate for the support of the nurse-managed health centers, we will enforce the message to all the stakeholders and the community in

Nurses advocating on this can effect this changes in the long run and will make it easier for people to be healthy. The profession is also benefited when taking advocacy roles in public health. When nurses are knowledgeable and possess a vast amount of skills, they can take leadership roles, so they are held in high esteem and trusted by the public. Nursing image improve in an advocacy role that is active and constructive. Every action that demonstrate a positive action in our profession is beneficial since there is an ongoing shortage in nursing.

Ethical principles involved in the distribution of primary care include: autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. Autonomy is essential when attempting to distribute this resource, because it applies when someone is attempting to decide what kind of primary care they would like to receive or seek ("Four fundamental principles of ethics", 2016). In rural areas several circumstances may interfere with a resident’s autonomy. The decision to seek treatment in a distance location is a factor, and the decision to take, continue, or abide by suggested treatment as well. Beneficence may be another common ethical principle involved in rural area distribution of primary care.

Military Nurse’s Dilemma Chi Tiet University of Michigan - Flint Nurses are a group of professionals who faces a variety of ethical dilemmas while working. Therefore, these dilemmas cannot only impact on their personalities but also affect their patients. However, ethical dilemmas are argumentative and difficult to deal with, so there is no “right” or “wrong” answer for them. In a military nurse’s dilemma, a military RN is ordered to force feeding a terrorist prisoner while he is undergoing interrogation, and the prisoner is on a hunger strike protesting. The nurse is torn, but fearing of reprisal if orders are disobeyed, so the nurse is appalled at the over-riding a patient’s wish by force feeding him agains his wish.

Principles of ethics are one of the foundations in being able to analyze ethics related issues that one encounters with health care. Ethics is very important when your involved in health care because a foundation in ethical theory and ethical decision-making can help in assessing choices that must be made in vexing circumstances (Furlong, B., & Morrison, E. E., 2014, p.3). Meaning, ethics is valuable when working with healthcare providers, patients, their families. (Furlong, B., & Morrison, E. E., 2014, p.3). For example, normative ethics is the study of what is right or wrong, and in healthcare ethical concepts come from normative theories, such as, autonomy, beneficence, justice, nonmaleficence and guide decision making (Furlong, B., & Morrison,

Ethics can be explained as principles a society develops to guide decisions about what is right and wrong. Ethical principles that society has are influenced by religion, history, and experience of the people in the group. Meaning that ethics is based on guidelines we have learned while growing up, that helps us differentiates what is right and what is wrong. For example, some people think health care should be a human right as others think it should only be available to those who can pay for it. Each group of people is guided by the principles they believe in.

Ethical Issues in Healthcare There are many ethical issues facing health care at any time and it is impossible to say definitively which is the most pressing or the most important. Health care professionals are expected to base their practice on a set of ethical principles, including truthfulness, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, and confidentiality. Ethical issues can arise, however, when a l professional is called upon to act in opposition to personal values or in cases where the values of patient, health care worker, and sponsoring institution conflict. The following issues are presented in no order. Neonatal Ethics Neonates are babies within their first twenty-eight days of life.

The moment that President Lyndon Johnson signed the law establishing Medicare and Medicaid in the early 1960s, some unethical health care providers began scheming on ways to defraud the system through overutilization and misuse. By the 1980s, large providers such as hospitals, PPOs, and others formed Utilization Review Committees, to review cases with high expenses that might have been treated for a lower cost, or a shorter stay. At first these committees were educational, but later, as Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurance companies continued to squeeze for lower costs, they began referring certain providers (doctors, therapists and others) to higher levels such as the Medical Board of hospitals for over-utilization and/or misuse of patient care assets. Today,