Auditing Essays

Professional scepticism is an important part of auditing as it necessitates the auditor exercising their qualified judgement in dealing with occurrences and circumstances of a countless number. (Auditing and Assurance Standard Board, 2012). Since the global financial crisis, there has been increasing importance placed on applying professional scepticism and many auditors have been criticised for not using scepticism in their valuation and assessments of factors like going concern issues, fair value

the auditors. The biggest audit fail of Enron Corporation not only led the company towards declaring bankruptcy but also dissolved one of the five big professional services companies, the Arthur Anderson. However, it may not be fair to blame the auditing profession entirely for the fall of a company. In the case of Enron, the chief financial officer himself concealed

1. What is an expectation gap and why is it a controversial issue facing the auditing Function? • Definitions of the Expectations Gap: There are many definitions of the audit expectations gap. Audit expectations gap is when external auditor’s understanding and knowing everything about their role and duties is compared against the expectations of the general public and users of financial statements. The first use of the term 'expectations gap ' originated from the United States, where the term has

Independence in mental attitude concerns the auditor’s state of mind. It deals with inappropriate biases when auditing a firm. Whereas, independence in appearance, is avoiding the circumstance that makes well informed third parties believe that the auditor is not truly independent. Furthermore, independence in appearance lowers the prospect for an auditor to act

The growth of the US economy in the 1920s-1960s had caused a shift of auditing development from the UK to the USA. In the years of recovery after 1929, investment in business entities grew rapidly. As companies grew in size, the separation of the ownership and management functions became more evident. Hence to ensure that funds continued to flow from investors to companies, and the financial markets function smoothly, there is a need to convince the participants in the financial markets that the

For example, Mark, Hal, Brenda and Gail know about a substantial number of old stock and past due records. By eliminating this data which was found during the audit, would lead them to be part of the group to this unlawful action and dishonor the auditing profession. Brenda and Hal wish to deny these outcomes from Mark’s report to keep their rewards and the significant image of the association. Mark must pick whether to forbid results and abuse the Institute of Internal Auditing's Code of Ethics or

Boeing Case Study: Sarbanes-Oxley Act's Internal Control Mandates and Whistleblowing Name University Boeing Case Study: Sarbanes-Oxley Act's Internal Control Mandates and Whistleblowing Similar to other public companies, Boeing intends to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act's (SOX) internal control mandates. To ensure that its internal audit committee sufficiently handled all requirements, Boeing contracted with PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) auditors for additional support. In January

The chief accountant (CA) of an organization is charged with understanding both financial and managerial accounting, due to the opportunities for fraud within a corporation, when focusing on one or the other. Gaining a clear understanding of both will allow the CA to make precise and informative decisions because their knowledge is versed in both concepts. First, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, holds the chief executive officer (CEO) and chief financial officer (CFO) responsible for the establishment

Inventory fraud involves the theft of physical inventory items and the misstatement of inventory records on a company 's financial statements (http://smallbusiness.chron.com/detect-inventory-fraud-34321.html)/ The AICPA generally accepted auditing standards . Perpetrators will commit this by simply taking the inventory from the company premises without touching the books and records, manipulating the inventory records, recording the stolen item as sales, or by stealing the purchase item before it

During the first week of studying MGT 2224 Information Technology and IT Audit, I felt I was embarking on a captivating journey to the field of IT auditing. With my bags packed and classmates with me, I awaited to explore the whole audit universe. My 4-year undergraduate accounting study experience equipped me with knowledge of financial auditing. Throughout these years, I developed an understanding of examining evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements as well

company’s size and profits, which greatly affects small businesses and reduce their future progress and enhancements. Another major issue was the cost to comply with the law. Most small business has reported over $500,000.00 per year to cover their auditing and other resources costs in order to ollow the act

[Year] [Type the author name] [AUDITING AND ASSURANCE STANDARDS]   Answer to Question no 1 (1) The audit threat identified in the said situation is the threat to compliance with the essential principles of auditing. As per this there is an obligation on the auditor to perform only those activities which he is competent to perform being a Member in Public Practice. Thus in this case the fact that Geoff is required to give a speech in the seminar held by LTH so as to secure more investors

1. What factors in the WorldCom case support the conclusion that CEO Bernie Ebbers Knew about the financial statement fraud? What factors support his defense that he did not know about the fraud? Bernie Ebbers Knew about the financial statement fraud because he was the one who encourage others to go into financial fraud because of the stock prices were going down, which was affecting his marginal loan. For that reason, he was trying to sell his stock, but the board of Directors lent him $341 million

Traditionally, pro forma earnings are lampooned as “earnings before the bad stuff”, which are lower than the figure according the GAAP. Companies may present to the public their earnings and results of operations on the basis of methodologies other than GAAP. And this presentation in the earnings release is often referred to as “pro forma” financial information. Many companies were thought to be using pro forma figures not only to exclude one-time charges, but also to strip put recurrent costs and

1. Auditing can be defined as carrying out a formal financial investigation or examination of a firm and its financial statements. During the process of auditing the auditors will go through all of the company’s books and financial statements. He will analyze research and go through all the relevant financial records to ensure that they are accurate and whether taxes are being paid properly. 2. There are various benefits of the auditing process. The benefits of an audit include analyzing and

committed. The Supervisor’s trust given to Turner was a fatal flaw in the internal controls set in place to prevent this from happening. Not periodically changing passwords, and rotating task between particular employees was another issue. Proper auditing of documents was another and last issue involved with this fraud scheme. b) For those components of the business process that were performed incorrectly, fully explain what should be done to correct each process, a. Trust is a key component in business

Case # 6: 1.9 ZZZZ Best Company, Inc. 1. AS 5.14 AU 316.02-.04 Consideration of fraud in a financial statement. Auditors have responsibility to perform the audit and check the authenticity of the financial statements. Auditor should take into account the risk of fraud in a financial statement from management improper assertions. However, in this case the audit company ignored to examine ZZZZ Best’s financial statements. ZZZZ Best report its earning as billings in excess of costs and forecast revenue

information from employees is extremely valuable in ensuring mistakes or bad practices are not repeated. All organizations must make sure their hiring practices are valid and reliable. GEICO has a department dedicated for the process of Internal Auditing. This department is responsible for ensuring all departments, including Human Resources, are operating with integrity and within the scope of their role within the organization. Internal Audit will do an audit specifically for hiring where all

Verizon’s Board of Directors oversees all auditing activities and they implement the code of ethics for all financial officers. Verizon has at least three members for their Audit Committee, which includes independent Directors who need to be financially literate. Also, the Committee Chair must have accounting or financial management expertise and at least one member of the committee must be a financial expert. The Board of Directors will choose the Committee members by their qualifications and are

According to Section 1 of the Auditing Profession Act, reportable irregularity is defined as, any unlawful act or omission committed by any person responsible for the management of a corporation, who has caused or likely to cause material financial loss of the entity or stakeholders, fraudulent of amounts to theft, represents a material breach of any fiduciary duty. (independent regularity board for auditors, 2015) Laws and regulations Ethics and business conduct plays a significant role in all professional