Alka Seltzer Lab Report

Alka-Seltzer is a medical drug that works as a pain reliever and an antacid. The pain reliever used is aspirin and the antacid used is baking soda. When sodium bicarbonate dissolves in water it splits apart into sodium and bicarbonate ions. The bicarbonates reacts with hydrogen ions from citric acid to form carbon dioxide gas and water. This is how the bubbles are made.

Pour a sufficient amount of room-temperature water (about 16 oz) into a large glass. 2. Add a tablespoon of salt to the water and stir well. 3. Drop an Alka-Seltzer tablet in an empty water bottle.

A buffer solution minimises change in PH of a solution when small amounts of acid or alkali are added to the solution, with an an acidic buffer solutions maintaining a PH<7 (ChemGuide, 2017). It works through an equilibrium, so if the concentration of H+ or OH- are changed, equilibrium will shift to oppose this change and return solution PH to original value. The Alka Seltzer mixture contains an excess amount of the bicarbonate ion which is vital for the buffering action taking place within the solution. This is because the excess bicarbonate ion present, allows the solution to act as a buffer as it’s able to react with small quantities of acids and bases added to the solution, therefore resisting a change in PH by neutralising them.

In our project we mixed different sizes of tablets and water and see if there is a reaction. The tablets are solids and the water is a liquid we are trying to see what happens when they collide. When Alka-Seltzer have many compounds in them. Alka-Seltzer is a medicine that is used to treat heartburn. It is made by many ingredients, which are bicarbonate, aspirin and citric acid.

As much was conducted throughout this lab, the projected completion of this lab displays that ultimately, the higher the temperature of the water, the faster the dissolving rate of the Alka-Seltzer is. In other words, the hotter the water temperature the quicker the tablet dissolves within the water in regards to the amount of time it took to dissolve. Furthermore, this experiment helps to explain that, if water is taken at a higher temperature and Alka-Seltzer is placed within the water, the Alka-Seltzer will take less time to dissolve because the higher temperatures cause the tablet to melt at a quicker rate. This compares to when Alka-Seltzer is placed in colder temperatures, where instead it takes more time to dissolve, because the lower

Introduction Alka-Seltzer has been on the market since 1931 and has helped to relieve indigestion and upset stomach. The tablets began to fizz and bubble when dropped into water. “The fizziness happens when baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) and citric acid react chemically in water. They yield sodium citrate, water and carbon dioxide gas, which causes bubbles.” Based on this information, we will measure the reaction time of AlKa- Seltzer dissolved in 200 ml of water at 3 different tempertures in the first portion of this experiment.

Experiment and Results Sample 100 ng/µl DNA was extracted from the cricket Acheta domesticus using the phenol-chloroform methods described in Davies et al., 2012 [15], dissolved in Tris-HCl-EDTA (TE) buffer and kept frozen at -20˚C. In initial tests, portions of the extracted DNA were suspended at the same DNA concentration as the control sample in solutions of magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, lithium chloride, and nickel chloride. Each salt was mixed in three different concentrations, including 100 mM, 10 mM, and 0.1 mM. Then DNA in each salt concentration was incubated at different temperatures: 25˚C, 42˚C, 65˚C, and 95˚C, for fifteen minutes. The products were then loaded onto an agarose gel and allowed to run in

Mika Nijhawan 9/29- 10/10 2 MENTOS AND SODA LAB REPORT State the Problem Does the type of soda affect the size of the explosion, after mentos are added? Develop a Hypothesis If seven mentos to a 2L bottle of Diet Pepsi, then it will create the biggest geyser out of Coke, Fanta, & Root Beer because Diet Pepsi has potassium benzoate, aspartame, and the carbonation which react to mentos. Design an Experiment Materials List: 1 clear test tube 35 original flavored Mentos candies (2 1/2 rolls) 1 3x5 index card 4 2L bottles of soda (all different flavors/types) 1 2L bottle of soda water 1 100 mL graduated cylinder 1 400 mL beaker 1 pair of tweezers (preferably large) 1 small container Procedure: Stack seven mentos in the test tube When given permission take the test tube, soda bottles, index cards, and the remaining 25 mentos, to the designated area Place one of the four soda bottles on a flat area Open the soda bottle and place the 3x5 index card over it With the index card over the soda bottle, flip the test tube over and place it on the index card, so the test tube is lined with

Exercise 1 1. Suppose a household product label says it contains sodium hydrogen carbonate (sodium bicarbonate). Using your results from Data Table 1 as a guide, how would you test this material for the presence of sodium bicarbonate? B BoldI ItalicsU Underline Bulleted list Numbered list Superscript Subscript33 Words

In the round-bottom flask (100 mL), we placed p-aminobenzoic acid (1.2 g) and ethanol (12 mL). We swirled the mixture until the solid dissolved completely. We used Pasteur pipet to add concentrated sulfuric acid (1.0 mL) to the flask. We added boiling stone and assembled the reflux. Then, we did reflux for 75 minutes.

Within the chemical reaction are two different parts, the reactant and product. The reactant, “an initial substance in a chemical reaction” was the alka-seltzer tablets, before they were placed into the water. For instance, when the untouched alka-seltzer was then placed into the water, it formed the product, “the final substance in the chemical reaction” (Tro, 2018). Now, by looking at how the water, or the solvent, dissolved the alka-seltzer tablet, it then created a solute, or a “dissolved substance” (Shuster, 2014). Another example, on a personal level, of a chemical reaction was, whenever I had a sore throat, as a child, my

The objective of the sludge lab was to determine how many different pure substances were in the sludge by using the methods and techniques we have learned throughout the year. We had to pick separation methods so we could separate our sludge and then test characteristic properties on our separated liquids and solids. This experiment made us use our knowledge on characteristic properties to pick the ones we should test to help us identify our pure substances. Characteristic properties are properties that help identify a solid or liquid. Each solid or liquid has a certain density, boiling point, solubility, flammability, so if you know what each one is then you can use that information to help you identify your solid or liquid.

The sodium citrate then dissociates in aqueous solution to form citrate ions that are able to form a buffer solution. This allows the Alka Seltzer to act as an antacid by neutralising the excess acid in the stomach, as H+ is used to form citric acid. The excess HCO3- ions in the aqueous mixture also act as a buffer which helps to reduce the acidity, further functioning as an antacid. (Shakhashiri B, 1989.) The aspirin in Alka Seltzer acts as an analgesic and also as an anti-inflammatory drug.

Introduction 1.1 Aim: To determine the kinetic parameters, Vmax and Km, of the alkaline phosphatase enzyme through the determination of the optimum pH and temperature. 1.2 Theory and Principles (General Background): Enzymes are highly specific protein catalysts that are utilised in chemical reactions in biological systems.1 Enzymes, being catalysts, decrease the activation energy required to convert substrates to products. They do this by attaching to the substrate to form an intermediate; the substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme. Then, another or the same enzyme reacts with the intermediate to form the final product.2 The rate of enzyme-catalysed reactions is influenced by different environmental conditions, such as: concentration

Joshua Miller 12/18/17 Fermentation Lab report Introduction The term fermentation refers to the chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms, typically involving effervescence and the giving off of heat (wikipedia). Sugars are converted to ethyl alcohol when fermentation happens. In this experiment we determined if yeast cells undergo fermentation when placed in a closed flask with no oxygen. Glucose and yeast are mixed together in a closed flask and allowed to incubate for about one hour.