Indigenous populations in Canada face severe disadvantages related to their health. The racism that Indigenous people face is further compounded by the disadvantages that women face making the situation even for difficult for Indigenous women. With this said Indigenous women do share many issues with the rest of the Aboriginal population as a result of colonization, loss of land, forced time in Indian Residential Schools, loss of language, and racial, political, and economic marginalization (McNab). Furthermore, Indigenous peoples in remote communities face the difficulty of lacking access to healthcare, education, employment, and income equality (McNab). Indigenous women face a unique combination of oppression through their intersectionality …show more content…
Overall, Canada has a life expectancy of 79.5 years in 2001, which was only 2.1 years behind Japan which has the highest life expectancy (Kermode-Scott). This places Canada in a similar position to the rest of the developed nations in the world (Kermode-Scott). This contrasts drastically with the life expectancy of Indigenous peoples in Canada. For example, in that same year the Inuit in Nunavik (the region in Northern Quebec) had a life expectancy average of 66.7 years – a difference of 12.8 years (Kermode-Scott). This region’s life expectancy is between that of the Dominican Republic and Egypt, which are ranked 111 and 112 out of 191 countries in the world with regards to life expectancy(Kermode-Scott). In 2017, these numbers had improved slightly. The overall Canadian life expectancy was projected to be 83 years for women and 79 years for men (Public Health Agency of Canada 8). Metis women had a life expectancy of 80 years, while First Nations women had a life expectancy of 78 and Inuit women had a projected life expectancy of 73 years (Public Health Agency of Canada 8). The lower life expectancy of Indigenous women when compared to their non-Indigenous counterparts is an indicator of differentials in health and access to health care. In fact, according to the World Bank, the life expectancy of Inuit women was on par with Bangladesh, Belize, the Arab Republic of Egypt, Kosovo, Mongolia, and Fiji (The World Bank). The difference between Indigenous and non-Indigenous women’s life expectancy is an average of 6 years which may be a result of the prevalence of smoking, heavy drinking, and high mortality rates (partly due to suicides) in these communities (Kermode-Scott). Overall, it is clear to see through the life expectancy disparities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous women
This alienation from the community is leading Aboriginal women to experience violence because they are not being protected by the community. This is alarming because today at least three quarters of Aboriginal women are experiencing family violence and the mortality rate for Aboriginal women due to violence is three times higher for Aboriginal women than none Aboriginal women (ibid 23). The Indian Act is a direct result of why Indian women are experiencing increased violence and being attacked because the Indian Act is refusing women Indian status and therefore they are forced off reserves where they are unprotected by the community and frequently target for acts of violence. Aboriginal women also face higher suicide rates and sexual abuse rates which are three times higher then the national average (ibid: 23). As Aboriginal women are being exiled from the community they are being increasingly targeted for sexual violence and abuse, this increased violence is due to the Indian Act because it is not allowing women who marry non-Aboriginal men to gain Indian status and therefore they are subjected to more violent acts because they are left defenseless.
As they confront the crisis that threatens their survival, they must also reckon with the deep-seated racism and distrust that has long characterized the relationship between Indigenous communities and the Canadian government. This is evident in the community's reluctance to accept outside help and their suspicion of the motives of non-Indigenous people who come to their aid. Through their shared exploration of the impact of systemic racism and discrimination on Indigenous communities, both works underscore the need for ongoing efforts to address past and present injustices. They also highlight the resilience and strength of Indigenous peoples in the face of adversity, and the importance of community, connection to the land, and cultural identity in healing and rebuilding. Ultimately, both "Moon of the Crusted Snow" and "One Native Life" offer powerful and insightful perspectives on the experiences of Indigenous peoples in Canada and the ongoing work towards justice and
Health outcomes refers to the effect healthcare activities have on an individual, group or population. It 's evident that even with the presence of anti-discrimination and equal opportunities legislation, Indigenous Australians have inferior health outcomes than non-Indigenous Australians. The dissimilarities in health status between Native and non-Native Australians are closely linked with the allocation of health determinants such as income levels and housing conditions, education levels and access to healthcare services. Income levels and housing conditions can easily be identified as an important determinant of health. Many health outcomes, including life expectancy and infant mortality can be associated with inequalities of income distribution
It weighs heavily on the hearts and minds of Indigenous women, casting a shadow over their daily lives and shaping their interactions with the world. It seeps into their relationships, affecting their ability to trust, to love, and to heal. It stifles their dreams and aspirations, robbing them of the opportunities and resources they need to thrive, let alone just survive. But amidst this darkness, there is resilience, strength, and an unwavering spirit. Indigenous women are reclaiming their voices, their cultures, and their power.
Gender performance is perpetuated by the conditioning and experiences of children from birth which also perpetuates the gender safety gap. Women and men are not as biologically different as once thought. They are simply held to different expectations in society, as explained by Nicholson’s Interpreting Gender. The Break is able to explore the lived experience of being an indigenous woman and how their relationships have evolved over time. As well as remaining strong when faced with the intersections of sexism and
Heath and Low Socioeconomic Status Class When examining the health status of Canadians, one may not recognize the flaws of inequality. When looked into further is it evident that not all Canadians are on equal playing fields when it comes to access of health. The concept of social determinant of health, taps into the idea that there are social barriers and obstacle in our society that present challenges for certain social groups and their access to health care. One group of Canadians who experience the effects of inequality in our health care system, are those individuals living in lower socioeconomic status.
In preservation of their cultural beliefs first nations essentially have created their own nation, with separate educational institutions, chefs and communities. Although this is a great why in keeping your culture alive many of the first nations reserves are underdeveloped, over crowded and key educational components of substance abuse and contraception are overlooked resulting in a negative partial of first nations people (Wagamese, 2013:1-2). Native Canadians have essentially created an identity for themselves, in isolated camps
Indigenous peoples of Canada have been considered inferior to all other citizens, and have been abused and neglected through European history, and can be seen as a form of genocide. In Canadian residential schools, children were removed from the home, sexually assaulted, beaten, deprived of basic human necessities, and over 3 500 women and girls were sterilized, and this went on well into the 1980 's (Nicoll 2015). The dehumanization of Indigenous peoples over the generations has left a significant impact on society today; the generational trauma has left many Indigenous peoples heavily dependent of drugs and alcohol, and the vulnerability of Indigenous women has led to extremely high rates of violent crime towards these women. A report that
The government of Canada has made and applied many collective rights (that is, rights made and applied to specific nationalities of Canada) to protect and enhance Aboriginals quality of life by supporting native youth. Yet today, government and society have had little impact on both Aboriginal education and health (both physical and mental). Canada's government keeps on increasing funding- but what the government does not understand, however, is that money can not and is not the solution for all Aboriginal problems. So, what is? Firstly, we have to see what the main problems are for youth, what is holding them back to be the same as everyone else in Canada?
According to Anzovino and Boutilier (2014), “the legislative definition of Aboriginal peoples includes all persons of “Indian” blood who were known to belong to a specific band, living on specific land, with their descendants [and] all persons intermarried with any such “Indians” who resided among them” as well as all children and persons adopted in infancy (p. 90). These persons are immensely proud of their good character, race, beliefs, values and morals. However, they are receiving abuse and a lack of promised assistance from the government. How can Canada act so neglectful and inattentive to those that live north of the suburban area? Are we not all equal and deserve the same rights, especially basic living conditions in order to survive?
Canada is known for its amazing healthcare and it is considered one of the best in the world. In Canada, healthcare is ‘universal’ to its citizens under the Heath Care Act. However, not everyone has equal access to healthcare, Aboriginals being some of them. Aboriginals have trouble getting the access they need because of socio-economic status, geography, lack of infrastructure and staff, language or cultural barriers an more. Aboriginals on reserve face many barriers when it comes to access to healthcare, they include cost, language, distance, climate, education and more.
Aboriginal women and domestic violence has a strong correlation. When comparing the extent and severity of violence against Aboriginal women and non-Aboriginal women there is evidence proving that the Aboriginal women have a great chance of facing domestic violence during the duration of their lifespan in comparison to the non-Aboriginal
The basis of these problems is a loss of identity and a sense of knowing that their values are oppressed, and their rights are ignored. Likewise, non-indigenous Canadians have become increasingly aware of the unfairness of the richness of indigenous and aboriginal cultures that are taking place.
The problem appears to become evident right from birth with aboriginal woman twice as likely as non-indigenous woman to have a stillborn baby and twice as likely to give birth to an underweight baby (ed. Healey 2000, p.4). During the period between 1991 and 1996, life expectancy for indigenous people was around 20 years than that of their non-indigenous counterparts. The lives of indigenous people are affected by many other health factors, one of most concern is alcohol related problems that impact on their well-being, family structure, and even aboriginal traditional life because they tend to drink more haphazardly. Some of the health risks to which indigenous people are exposed can be attributed the differences between the health of indigenous and non-indigenous people.
The documentary series, 8th fire, by Dando and Ingles (2012) supports this claim. The Indigenous peoples ' have long felt betrayed by the government that they had signed a treaty with, so why would an Indigenous person seek health services from this establishment? The mistrust between the Indigenous peoples and the Government of Canada is the result of colonization, specifically the Indian Act, and it undoubtedly impacts Indigenous peoples and their faith in, and ability to get proper care from, the healthcare system. The Indian Act, first introduced in 1876, was primarily a way for Canada to exercise complete control over the Indigenous population, limiting their rights and dissolving their identity.