Why Are Australia Marginalised?

I have informed myself with the content of the article and after significant reflection I have considered various perspectives on the issues surrounding the health and well-being of the Aboriginal population. I have had little exposure to Aboriginal media items; however, my current enrollment in the course has empowered my curiosity pertaining to the elements of aboriginal culture and the justification of these people. The article is pro-aboriginal and illuminates discerning evidence that the Aboriginal population has suffered from historical trauma that has influenced the lack of notability in today’s society. The article is recent and Reading and Farber (2015) illuminate the government’s inability to recognize the oppression of Aboriginal

Health As a result of the difficult historical and current events, Aboriginal women’s overall health situation has suffered. Aboriginal women have a lower life expectancy and have a poor understanding of their own health in comparison to non-Aboriginal women despite the improvements made in the last few decades (Halseth, 2013). Aboriginal women have an increasing large number of health issues in areas such as diabetes, HIV/AIDS, cancer and also the mental health issues that have these women in conditions where they experience domestic violence and drug and alcohol abuse (Halseth, 2013). The physical health of these women has increasingly become a large issue because the climbing rates of type two diabetes resulting from inactivity,

The impact of ethnic inequality has been detrimental to indigenous Australians, with the consequences of internal colonialism still affecting them today (text). Loss of language and Dreamtime stories have meant that they have had to rebuild their identity and break free from British oppression by banding together to create stronger communities. Indigenous Australians who live in rural areas of Australia have fewer opportunities when it comes to education, employment, healthcare and housing (text pg. 350). These issues can be once again linked back to the systems that are in place within the country, the way the government approaches these issues in regards to indigenous welfare is problematic. In 2015, the Abbott government supported the decision

Robbins (2015), study evidence examines data to observe, how social inclusion has shaped social policy. Robbins argues that social inclusion policies do not take into consideration the cultural patterns of the aboriginal people, causing a division and social exclusion between aboriginal culture and non- aboriginal culture. Walter (2016), study also agrees and presents socio- economic data gathered on the wellbeing of urban and regional Aboriginal and Torres strait islander also failed to recognize the difference in requirements from main stream non- aboriginals to the requirements of aboriginal people in Australia. Walter (2006) also argues that the inequality associated with aboriginals can be observed in the black vs white relations in the past and present, along with current racial bias policy in Australia. In order for aboriginals as a race to achieve equality and not feel marginalized, Fraser (cited by Habibis.et.al.

The current difference in the life expectancy between Indigenous communities and non-Indigenous communities is approximately 7 years in Canada and the USA, 7.5 years within New Zealand and close to 20 years within Australia (SPFII, 2009, p. 112). The infant mortality rate of Aboriginal as well as Torres Strait Islanders is three times higher than that of non-Indigenous populations in Australians. . Thirteen percent of Indigenous children born inside Australia have a low birth weight two times more than the frequency of baby births with low weight in Indigenous communities in the USA and Canada (Barnes, Adams and Powell-Griner, 2005, p. 78). Lastly, Australia records over 60% higher incidence of low birth weight within Indigenous children born inside New

The life expectancy of aboriginal males is about 9 years lower than non Aboriginal Canadian men, and about 5 years lower for Aboriginal females (UOttawa, 2009). Needed access to health care is difficult to attain as an First Nation citizen due to racism, poverty, and social exclusion from facilities. Aboriginal patients mostly have only negative comments to make towards the health care system, and sometimes its difficult to answer to them whether it is because of their race that they receive such bad treatment or is it because of their history. Physicians, however, believe that they treat different patients the same way regardless of their race or ethnicity (Sannie Y. Tang,

The difference between Indigenous and non-Indigenous women’s life expectancy is an average of 6 years which may be a result of the prevalence of smoking, heavy drinking, and high mortality rates (partly due to suicides) in these communities (Kermode-Scott). Overall, it is clear to see through the life expectancy disparities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous women

This sudden change still has an enormous effect on today’s Indigenous population. How is it fair that the oldest population of people die a decade younger than non-Indigenous Australians? The perpetuation of racism which is manifested in our society has left many Indigenous Australians in a disadvantaged position. Including through, limited access to education with adult literacy rates of just 30 percent and literacy rates of children under 15 more than 48 percent lower than non-Indigenous Australians, consequently means lower educational achievement rates and higher unemployment rates of 17.2 percent compared to 5.5 percent for non-Indigenous Australians (Australian Bureau of Statistics , 2013 ). These facts must be recognised to ensure real equality and a fair-go for Indigenous people.

Canada is known for its amazing healthcare and it is considered one of the best in the world. In Canada, healthcare is ‘universal’ to its citizens under the Heath Care Act. However, not everyone has equal access to healthcare, Aboriginals being some of them. Aboriginals have trouble getting the access they need because of socio-economic status, geography, lack of infrastructure and staff, language or cultural barriers an more. Aboriginals on reserve face many barriers when it comes to access to healthcare, they include cost, language, distance, climate, education and more.

The Aboriginal peoples experience the worst health outcomes of any population group in Canada (Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, 2013). It highlights the urgency and importance of understanding and addressing systematic racism as a determinant of Aboriginal people

The privilege afforded to those who live in the top one precent of economic wealth in the world often gives way to societal negligence as the monetary advances of life in the higher class shrouds the truth of the socially and economically disadvantaged minority. Due to Australia’s status as an MEDC allows the deemed poverty line in the country to be far greater than the $1.25 a day average seen elsewhere. This is a result of an urban setting, as the disadvantaged are unable to live subsistent lifestyles, thus requiring provisions to allow for the minimum economic independence to buy their food and other necessities. This therefore leaves this faction of the population to become dispossessed of other needs such as shelter and career opportunities.

Analyse the impact on Aboriginal peoples human rights from government strategies implemented in both the 20th century and today Throughout Australia’s precious history, there has always been illogical discrimination against Aboriginals which continue to affect them both physically and emotionally. The modern, Australian Government, has attempted to address the perpetual inequality and curb the continual discrimination against Indigenous people by implementing various programs and policies. During the 20 th century, the Australian government formed policies and programs to direct the lifestyle of Indigenous people as non-indigenous people discriminated them as ‘unintelligent beings and uncivilised’. But recently in the early 21 st century,

Initially, European invasion meant that Aboriginal people were held accountable to a law they neither understood, nor believed in. Their own laws have throughout history been rejected, ridiculed and ignored. The Stolen Generations are another issue of mistrust. Aboriginal children were removed from their families under government orders, and for many Indigenous people, the presence of government officials is still associated with family separation. Past events, including dispossession of land, separation of families, poverty, racism, unemployment, overrepresentation in the justice system, education standards and loss of identity, country and connection to land, have led to Aboriginal people being disadvantaged when compared to the wider Australian population (NSW Department of Community Services, 2009).

The assumption that was drawn from this theory is that there is a discriminatory perception towards hiring individuals with disabilities in most organizations. Additionally, discrimination against disabled employees is something that has been in existence for the past decades (Leonard, & Trusty, 2015). This discrimination occurs when a covered employer or other entity treats an applicant or employee less favorably because he/she has a history of a disability. Despite laws discouraging discrimination, employees or job applicants with various disabilities are still isolated and discrimination is practiced

And a disabled person’s ambition is like all other human beings, the looks of pity and compassion negatively affect that ambition. People should embrace the disabled person and give them a helping hand, and they should have laws, which defend their rights, which should be respected. However, most societies do not have laws that ensure an equal life for the disabled population. It is a shame that the rights of the disabled people has turned many times to mere slogans.