A Demonstration of Chemotaxis Between Flies and Various Substances (Sugar vs Bacteria) Abstract: The purpose of this lab based on the Drosophila melanogaster (the common fruit fly) reactions. Since the fly has been studied and observed for many years, and known for its unique chemotactic attractions to different stimuli, it was an ideal organism for the study being conducted. In the experiment the purpose was to be able to figure out whether the flies would be more attracted to sugar or bacteria. The bacteria, which is found in flies’ natural food source rotting fruit, was represented by the yeast, and the sugar was represented by the maple syrup. The purpose was to be able to identify which substances the flies were attracted to the most …show more content…
Through concise analysis of research papers and other experiments conducted elsewhere, the final conclusion of this lab was supported. All in all, the inquiry experiment allowed the accomplishment of the goal of identifying one of the main reasons why fruit flies eat rotten fruit. Introduction: Drosophila (a model research organism) melanogaster (black abdomen) is the common fruitfly. The lab required the usage of fruit flies as they are a commonly used organism in many experiments. The portion before the inquiry lab utilized the usage of different foods to determine exactly which food the flies would experience more of an attraction towards. From the chi square calculations and analysis of the inquiry lab, the flies were found to be highly attracted to sugary foods such as jam, as opposed to sugarless substances like taco sauce, which would later determine exactly what the inquiry …show more content…
The table seemed slightly imbalanced, and since the flies demonstrate a negative geotaxis, meaning that they resist gravity, the flies may have been influenced to choose one side over another simply by gravitational means. Another error that may have occurred could be the source of light. Though the lab group aimed to maintain an equal amount of light for all sides of the bottles, a vaguely estimated spot was determined and the choice chamber placed there. Since fruit flies also demonstrate a positive phototaxis, this also affects them. The last error that may have occurred due to tape. Though caution was emphasized, and extreme carefulness had been placed in the taping process, some tape may have gotten inside the bottle, and fruit flies may have been stuck to it, which had skewed data. The lab manual from College Board, which states, “The common fruit fly….feeds on the fungi of rotting fruit,” (College Board 2004) reinforces the hypothesis clearly, and depicts chi square values with values such as 18.75. Experiments performed in UC Davis show that “fruit flies are regularly trapped….by yeast, and “the chemicals released by microbes….[attracted] more flies.” (Garvey 2014) Some ways to improve the lab are to make sure that the error sources are fixed. Next time, it should be imperative that the table being used is perfectly balanced and that the tape is not placed on the inside
maculatus, prefers a certain color bean to oviposition on, we used a group of bean beetles with their natal beans being the green mung beans, which was provided in the laboratory. Next, we decided on two new colored beans to test our hypothesis. We chose the red Adzuki beans because they were a darker color and the white Black-eyed peas because they were a lighter color. Even though the colors contrasted from each other, the two types of beans were relatively the same size, which excluded size from being a preference for oviposition. To start and set up this experiment, we took 55 of each type of bean, 110 in all per petri dish and randomly mixed them in the petri dish, to eliminate any random error of the bean placement.
Fixed action behavior is define as triggered instincts, which carbon dioxide and heat produced by the host triggers the bed bug to suck on the blood. Another study have shown that triatomines, Aedes, Culex pipiens, and Simulium venustum responded highly to AMP rather than ATP. Thus, assuming that bed bugs and adenine nucleotides come into contact at the biting site, but apyrase in the bug’s saliva does not recognize this reaction.
By the end of the experiment, it became clear that the pill bugs preferred the environment consisting of dirt over the other
The overall purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of different types of environments on pill bug attractancy. Pill bugs were exposed to 2 different environments (sugar and water). The attractancy was observed and recorded in a raw data table. A research hypothesis was formulated that the sugar would work as the best attractant for pill bugs. Sugar had the greatest impact of the two environments used because it attracted 8/9 ants.
A lot of lesson in this experiment, one is that people like different flavor of gum for different reasons, and two not all Gums are the same. Our possible source of error is that we could
In “The Six-Legged Meat of the Future”, authors Marcel Dicke and Arnold Van Huis, believe the insects are going to become the new meat in place of pork, beef, or chicken. Dicke and Van Huis have researched the experiments and foods in the Netherlands to advocate their belief. These “insects are high in protein, B vitamins and minerals like iron and zinc, and they’re low in fat”(Dicke and Van Huis, para. 2). Also, most people believe that insects can have poisons, however, “less than 0.5% of all known insect species are harmful” (Dicke and Van Huis, para. 6).
Description of Experiment: Hypothesis Actual Hypothesis: If the majority of the pillbugs are on one side of the choice chamber, regardless of the conditions (wet or dry) of that area, then the rest of the bugs will move to that area. Null Hypothesis: The majority of the pillbugs being on one side of the choice chamber does NOT affect where the rest reside to. Alternative Hypothesis: If the majority of the pillbugs are on one side of the choice chamber, then the minority will control/convince the majority to come over to that side.
Jackson boomed in the kitchen. “Good for you, dork!” exclaimed Jacob. “The Venus fly trap can eat anything.”
In this lab, human error could have possibly been that the salt wasn’t fully dissolved or even the Kool-Aid wasn’t fully dissolved. To fix this next time, both mixtures can be stirred a little longer. A third human error could have been when putting 20 drops into the test tubes, some drops were bigger than others causing there to be more than mL of mixture in the test tube. At the end of the lab, a red and yellow M&M were used to do a home material test. I dissolved the color off the shell with warm water and placed a dot of each color onto a strip of chromatograph and placed them in two individual
A larger sample size could have enabled averages to be resulted, and the experiment could have had several trials until concordant results are attained to increase the reliability. To enhance the accuracy of the results, a machine such as a cheese wire to cut straight along the edge could have been employed that would more accurately cut the cubes and hence reducing human error. This would be efficient as there is a large chance of human error when cutting the cubes by hand as the agar is slippery. Cubes with different sizes could be observed to improve the validity of the experiment. The weight of the bottom of the cubes pushing against the beaker likely caused an error to occur.
My hypothesis was correct. After a few days there were maggots. After the flies laid the eggs on the meat in the open jar, the eggs hatched into maggots. Flies could not lay eggs on the meat in the covered jar, there were no maggots there. Therefore, Redi concluded that decaying meat was not the answer to why maggots were being
The preference of food by ants has been studied such as Barbani (2003), studied the food preference and activity of Odorous house ants, and O’Brien (2005) studied the Red imported fire ants and their preference in liquid feeding. It has been seen that ants can as act predators, scavengers, herbivores, detrivores and granivores (Holldobler and Wilson, 1990; Holway et al., 2002) and they choose food which varies in abundance, accessibility, palatability and nutritional value (Goud). The digestive system also plays a role in the type of food to be selected because the intake of food. The digestive enzymes of ants are able to breakdown solid foods and hence most ants prefer liquid sugary food because it easy to digest than the other times of food (Barbani, 2003; Ricks and Vison, 2004). In this will determine ant’s foraging preference when exposed to different sugar concentrated solutions.
For example, in the response experiment, a yeast solution was prepared without sugar mistakenly and thus had to be prepared again. This suggests that other errors in preparation and measurement could have been encountered. For the future, careful measurements using clean uncontaminated flasks would eliminate possibilities of such error. A source of error for the metabolism experiment involves the yeast’s yellow hue. It is possible that the color of the yeast caused the solution to look more
DESIGN PSOW Ajit Rajendran 13H To Determine the Time Taken for a muffin paper cup to reach the ground, while Changing the Height of each experiment Introduction: In this experiment the aim is to determine the time taken for an empty muffin paper cup to reach the ground, by changing the height the empty cup is dropped from. Both variable mentioned are going to measured (height and time taken), when conducting the experiment. In order to have a fair experiment, certain factors will be kept the same throughout the experiment: the same paper cup will be used, the dimensions of the paper cup will be constant (where external factors do not affect the shape), the method in which the paper cup will be dropped.
Then, tests are performed to determine if the products of aerobic and anaerobic respiration are present in the flasks. The citric acid cycle consists of a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of ATP (Biology). The tests detect the presence of carbon dioxide and ethanol. Carbon dioxide should be present irrespective of the type of respiration taking place, but ethanol is present only if fermentation has occurred. Another factor that can indicate whether fermentation occurred or cellular respiration occurred is the amount of glucose utilized during incubation.