This critique will be reviewing the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV). The WISC-IV was authored by David Weschler and was published by PsychCorp, which is a brand of Harcourt Assessment Inc in 2003 (Plake, 2005). The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Fourth Generation can take anywhere from 65-80 minutes to administer and should be done individually (Plake, 2005). In The Sixteenth Mental Measurements Yearbook Plake (2005) states, an individual administering the WISC-IV should allow for an additional 10-15 minutes if using supplemental tests. The price of the WISC-IV can range anywhere from 725 to 1,075. For 725 dollars you will obtain the basic kit where you receive the administrations manual, technical …show more content…
Furthermore, and individual administering the WISC-IV will need administrative experience pertaining to testing children with a unique and diverse backgrounds (Plake, 2005). The WISC-IV will provide a full scale IQ for the child. This number represents the child’s overall cognitive ability (Plake, 2005). Any individual taking the WISC-IV will be tested on four indexes. The four additional scores that can be obtained are the Verbal Comprehension Index, Perceptual Reasoning Index, Working Memory Index, and Processing Speed Index. There are 15 subtests that are distributed between these four domains. Of those subtests ten of them are core subtests and the other five tests are supplementary tests (Plake, 2005). The Verbal Comprehension index will measure verbal attention, concentration, and processing speed. Assessment for the Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI) includes Similarities, Vocabulary, and Comprehension. VCI subtests include Information and Word Reasoning (Whisten, 2013). Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI) assesses the child’s fluid reasoning abilities, perceptual organization, and motor skills. Assesment for PRI will include Block Design, Matrix Reasoning, and
The first domain for this test battery is Memory. It has 4 subtests within it. They are Episodic memory, working memory, semantic memory and delayed storytelling. A total score of 100 for this domain. Episodic memory:
2. IQ testing seems a bit more complicated that I once would have thought. How do we measure IQ in such a way that will reliably measure an individual’s intelligence against what they will do in life?
It was also found that with response time, it was linearly improved over age until the age of 9 or 10, at which point they performed at the speed and accuracy of adults. This methodology also supported that utilizing tablets allowed implantation of experiments quickly and easily, and allowing the researchers to publish the experiments online which allowed participants to have access to the studies online. Furthermore, tablet usage allows for more participation in younger children. The findings in this study supported the notion that tablets appear to be a promising tool with which to gather experimental data and begin to close the methodological gap often encountered in testing of young children in developmental psychology.
It was noted that she spent a lot of time thinking about her answers and frequently gave incorrect answers in this area. On the Vocabulary sub-test, she frequently said that she did not understand or know the correct answer. Tianna's nonverbal reasoning abilities as measured by the Perceptual Reasoning Index (82) are in the Low Average range and at/above those of 12% of her peers. This test is designed to measure nonverbal concept formations. Tianna's working memory as measured by the Working Memory Index (90) are in the Low Average range of functioning and at/above those of 9% of her peers.
This form of assessment is beneficial to individuals whose knowledge-based language differs from that of the creator of the assessment tool (Roseberry-McKibbin-2, 2012). It allows the assessor to take environmental variables into consideration when determining if an individual is displaying language differences or language impairments (Roseberry-McKibbin-2, 2012). Taking these environmental differences into consideration is one of the strengths of this assessment model. It does not force those that are being assessed in a category of being impaired because they do not fit into the standard profile that has been identified by the creator of the
There are two Wechsler test: The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Adults (WISA). Dr. David Wechsler viewed intelligence in the terms of intellectual performance. The reason for reasoning the intelligence matters how much intelligence one has and if they are able to able to the environment; what also matters is how well they uses their intelligence. Individual’s performance is measured by how well they can focus. The Wechsler Intelligence Scales tests five areas of cognitive ability: Verbal Comprehension, Nonverbal and Fluid Reasoning, Working Memory and Processing Speed.
Hello, Melissa~~ Great post~~ Actually, I’m not working now as a RN, so my posting is too uncertain. So after read your post, I could understand the way answer to those questions. I searched many kinds of the assessment tools such as Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), The Mini-Cog, Cognitive impairment in the elderly (IQCDE) and the cognitive skills such as observation (NOSCA). Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) can be used to monitor the five screening or cognitive sphere; However, MMSE performance is adversely affected by education, age, language, and language. The MMSE score has criticized the administration taking too long.
The limitation was that there were to many multiple-choice questions on the measure, less multiple-choice questions forces the test taker do think about the question rather than give an random answer out of the choice provided to them. This also brings up the question of how to address children with these issues and if there are any underlying issue that causes the child to randomly select an answer at random is this a sign of being impulsive. If there was not as many multiple-choice questions on the assessment, it would be interesting to see how that would impact the children attention span and if cognitive fatigue would be impacted. The Wechsler measure take an extensive time to administer, but this is not an area of immediate intervention. Mainly because the time that it takes to administer the assessment is not always in the clinician control.
Gardner 's Multiple Intelligences theory is a very useful model for developing a systematic approach to nurturing and teaching children and honouring their individual needs and strengths within a classroom setting. The theory of Multiple Intelligences includes the notion that each person is smart in all seven (or nine) types of intelligences. According to Gardner, each individual possesses each type of intelligence in varying degrees, stronger in some ways and less developed in others. 34 By broadening one’s view of intelligence, as well as valuing and nurturing abilities other than mathematics and reading, doors can be opened by using the strength of children as a means of complementing their less developed area.
Cognitive ability subsumes a number of cognitive capacities such as reasoning, problem solving, memory, etc. While such specific abilities (i.e., reasoning, problem solving, memory, etc.) are not each exact the same thing, what each of them has in common is that much of their variance is driven by their association with higher order factor of general cognitive ability (Carrol, 1993). General cognitive ability is defined as general mental capability that among other things, involves the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly, and learn from experience. Most ability tests measure maximum performance, in other words what an applicant can do. For example, an Engineer and a Psychologist may have the same IQ, but this does not necessarily mean that the Psychologist would be a good Engineer and
This test is the classical intelligence test. This is the type of test that people normally associate with IQ tests. Unlike the first test, this test has 10 questions, with 10 different types of questions. Also, this is a verbal, special, logic, and numerical test. The final test is found on iqttest.com and it is titled the Intelligence Test.
In the PATI test, you can expect to see three sections: deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning, and quantitative reasoning. These sections may sound pretty fancy, but are tasks that you might even do already, such as simple math problems. Deductive reasoning will focus on logic and syllogism. Inductive reasoning will focus on finding trends or common characteristics in a set of information provided to you. Quantitative reasoning is basic arithmetic that you can expect to see as an
Young children and adolescents who do not have fully developed cognitive abilities are seen as incompetent. To be competent is to have the ability to understand and appreciate the consequences of treatment and non-treatment, and in Canada, patients are presumed competent until shown otherwise. Competence models for adults presume that "patients are autonomous, have a stable sense of self, established values, and mature cognitive skills" (Harrison, 1997, p. 30), all of which are underdeveloped in children. There should be a continual review of a child's competence because children's cognitive abilities are still developing. When investigating the competency of a child, qualitative social research is the better approach than developmental psychological research because it is informed by critiques of the child development theory to investigate how children's competencies are recognized, denied, encouraged or inhibited (Alderson, 2013).
The G factor is a good indication of school performance Disadvantages/weakness of Charles Spearman’s theory: 1. The backlash and criticism regarding how the G factor only measures General Intelligence 2. The G factor doesn’t take into account other various activities such as motor abilities, perception and musical abilities. HOWARD GARDNER: MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE Multiple Intelligence: Howard Gardner (1943-current) originally identified and stated that there are 7 (later 9) specific types of intelligence. Gardner argued that students across a broad scale would retain information better if the information was displayed in a number of ways, due to the fact that an individual’s cognitive ability varies in the different types of multiple
The Cognitive Performance Test was developed in 1986 by an occupational therapist named Theressa Burns (Douglas, Letts, & Liu, 2007). Funding support was provided by the National Institute on Aging and the Veterans Administration (Burns, Mortimer, & Merchak, 1994). The CPT was created to fulfill the need to accurately assess the cognitive disability in individuals with dementia in order to help caregivers build a safe environment (Bar-Yosef, Weinblatt, & Katz, 1999). The Cognitive Performance Test was designed based on the Cognitive Disability Model in occupational therapy in which functional disability is divided into six ordinal levels that rate cognition (Bar-Yosef, Weinblatt, & Katz, 1999). The first CPT manual was published in 1986