Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to titrate an unknown solid acid (KH2PO4) with a standardized sodium hydroxide solution. After recording and plotting the data, the acid’s equivalence point will be recorded once the color changes. Using the equivalence point, the halfway point will be calculated, which is used to determine the acid’s equilibrium constant. The acid’s calculated equilibrium constant will be compared with the acid’s established pKa value. Eventually using the NaOH and the acid’s consumed moles, the equivalent mass will be determined. Procedure: Part 2: Obtain 45mL of NaOH, and then weigh 0.3-0.4g of the unknown acid (KH2PO4). Dissolve the acid into 20.00mL water. Record the buret readings, and slowly titrate the NaOH into …show more content…
There is one mole of OH- in the solution since NaOH goes to Na+ and OH-. Trial 1: 25.65mL NaOH x 0.100mol/1000mL = 2.57 x 10-3 mol NaOH = 2.57 x 10-3 mol HA = 2.57 x 10-3 mol H+. The equivalent mass is 0.356g Acid / 2.57 x 10-3 mol H+ = 139g/mol H+ Trial 2: 49.57mL NaOH x 0.100 mol / 1000 mL = 4.96 x 10-3 mol NaOH = 4.96 x 10-3 mol HA = 4.96 x 10-3 mol H+. The equivalent mass is 0.644g Acid / 4.96 x 10-3 mol H+ = 130.g/mol H+ Average = (139g Acid / 1 mol H+) + (130.g Acid / 1 mol H+) / 2 = 135g/mol H+. The average equivalent mass for the acid is 135g/mol H+. 3. The answer obtained in Question #2 is the equivalent mass of the acid rather than the molar mass because the acid could be polyprotic, which would mean the equivalent mass is different from the molar mass since it is depending on moles of H+ per molecule, and there could be multiple moles of H+ ions in one mole of a molecule. 4. The KHP and the acid samples must be dried, because there would still be extra water which would skew the molarity. The calculated molarity of the NaOH would be lower because there would be extra volume in the solution, but still the same amount of moles of NaOH, so the molarity would be less, and thus, will require more titrant in order to
To find the mass percent of acetic acid in vinegar, the molar mass of acetic acid is 60.05 g/mole, and 1.00 g/mol of density, then 0.96 mol×(60.05 g/1 mol) = 57.65 g 57.65 g/1000= 0.0576 ×100 = 5.76% The average mass % of acetic acid in vinegar = 5.53% The average % of acetic acid was 5.53%, which is close to the acidity of the vinegar that was taken in the lab which was 5%, for the different percent we had it could be because of errors in calculations or errors in collecting data. 3.
* Answers to questions above... 1) 4.078 + 4.056 + 4.095 + 4.014 = 16.24/4 = 4.061 ±0.008 grams 2.253 + 2.256 + 2.261 + 2.249 = 9.019/4 = 2.255 ±0.012 grams 2) Mass of water = 4.061 – 2.255 = 1.806 ±0.020 grams Then convert to moles =1.806 ±0.020 / 18 g = 0.100 ±0.020 mol H2O
Using the equation m = ΔTf/Kf , the molality of the unknown solution was found. Then, moles of unknown were calculated, which was used to calculate the average molar mass of unknown. Theory: After the experiment was completed, the data
.1-amEr (c) Gram molecular mass of HNO3 = Mass of 1-molecule of HNO3x NA = 63 amu x NA = 63 gm X NA = 63 gram NA Solved Example-4:Find out the mass of carbon -12 that would contain 1.0 x1019carbon-12 atoms. Solution : Mass of 6.022 x1023 carbon-12 atoms = 12 g Mass of 1.0 x1019 carbon-12 atoms = 12x1x10 19 g 6.022 x1023 = 1.99 x10-4g Solved Example-5: How many molecules are present in 100 g sample of NH3?
Lastly, add the molar masses of each element in the compound. 3. Explain
CONCLUSION As can be seen from the graph above, the mass percentage difference decreases as molarity increases. In other words, the molarity and the mass percentage difference are inversely proportional. According to figure 2, the mass of the trial 1 potato which will be submerged in the sugar solution with a molarity of 0.0, is 0.49 grams. The same potato piece after being soaked for 24 hours in the sugar solution of molarity 0.0, is 0.69 grams.
3. Upon adding 20 drops of NaOH, a white precipitate was formed signifying acidic impurity. In the second NaOH mixture, about 20 drops were administered and no precipitate formed indicating that the ample is more pure than before. Data: Weight of flask = 75.10 grams Weight of the flask with solids =
Weighed 1 gram of NaC2H3O2 and mixed it with ionized water. Boiled 12 mL of 1.0M Acetic Acid added into a beaker containing the sodium carbonate on a hot plate until all the liquid is evaporated
The unknown solution contained 20+ -0.05 mL of the unknown in a 40 mL beaker. A 10 mL graduated cylinder was used to accurately measure. The pH value of the unknown was recorded, and then the probe was removed again and cleaned. Last, the pH probe was placed into potassium nitrate. The potassium nitrate was contained in a 40 mL beaker, .520
Each group was assigned a different percent of sucrose solution out of the four variables; 0% , 5%, 10%, and 15%. After we filled the beaker we then got two potato cores. Once we had the cores we cut the skin off the ends. Following this we then cut the two potato cores into four 2.00 cm potato cores. After they were cut into 2.00 cm each we found the mass.
In step 4 NaOH, a strong base, was added drop by drop to NaCl, a salt of a strong acid-strong base. The addition of NaOH to NaCl resulted in the pH dramatically going up which is the opposite of what happened in step 1. The initial pH of NaCl was 4.71 and when just one drop of NaOH was added the pH went up to 5.14. After all three drops of NaOH were added to NaCl the pH was tested to be 8.21, the highest pH so far. So the NaCl most certainty did not buffer the pH changes.
The stopcock was opened while the KHP solution was gently stirred. The solution turned faint pink, the stopcock was closed, and the final volume was recorded. The titration was
The equation of the reaction between sodium hydroxide and ethanoic acid is as follows: CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O We can measure the end point of titration process and we can also measure the amount of reactants. The concentration of ethanoic acid in the vinegar can be determined through stoichiometric calculations, Using the values obtained from the titration, and also the chemical equation as a reference. Phenolphthalein indicator is used in this acid-base titration Equipment and materials:
Procedure A. Preparation of NaOH solution The molarity of a solution is the ratio of the number of solutes dissolved in a liter of solution. To figure out the needed mass (in grams) of NaOH pellets to be dissolved in a 0.25 L of water, remember that a mole is equivalent to the quotient of mass over the molar mass of the substance. This was used to rearrange the base formula and to derive the mathematical equation of mass in terms of molarity. mass (g) =
That caused a new initial reading of NaOH on the burette (see Table1 & 2). The drops were caused because the burette was not tightened enough at the bottom to avoid it from being hard to release the basic solution for titrating the acid. The volume of the acid used for each titration was 25ml. The volume of the solution was then calculated by subtracting the initial volume from the final volume. We then calculated the average volume at each temperature.