Unknown White Compound

Double Replacement Lab Report Date Completed: October 8, 2015 Objective To analyze and determine if a chemical reaction occurred between two compounds using the concepts we learned in class. Also, if the chemical reaction occurred, to determine if it formed a precipitate or gas. Safety General Safety Precautions: Do not touch the chemicals Use of gloves and coats are recommended, use of goggles should be required Keep the work area clean Dispose of the chemicals properly, DO NOT dispose them in the sink Clean up your work station Wash your hand before and after the lab Make sure all chemicals are labeled correctly NEVER return chemicals to reagent bottles Use the wafting technique to smell the chemical Clean up spills immediately

Identification of an Unknown Compound using Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis Lauren Tremaglio Chemistry 1011 Lab, Section 16 Instructor: Steven Belina October 3, 2014 Our signatures indicate that this document represents the work completed by our group this semester. Experimental Design and Discussion of Results The objective of this experiment was to identify an unknown compound through quantitative and qualitative analysis. In order to find the identity of the unknown compound, an initial qualitative test for solubility was performed.

The procedure for this experiment is found in Stephen Thompson’s PSU Chemtrek on p. 10-15 through 10-22 under the “Chemistry of Natural Waters” lab. For the testing, four tap water samples were obtained from Virginia and State College, Pennsylvania—McDonald’s, the Atherton Hotel, and McKee Hall. Each member of the group proceeded through the testing methods in order to determine the hardness for a particular water sample. In accordance with the procedure, the AA technique was used first. Because the water sample from McKee Hall had no suspended particles, no filtration was required prior to testing; however, the sample was diluted with a 1:1 ratio.

Lab 2 – Water Quality and Contamination Experiment 1: Effects of Groundwater Contamination Table 1: Water Observations (Smell, Color, Etc.) Beaker Observations 1 There was no smell 2 When I pour the oil in the water I noticed the oil started to bubble to the top. So I got to stir the oil that’s when there were smaller bubbles. As I smell the water there was no smell to the water.

These color changes indicate a chemical change, which show that a reaction had occurred. In the first step when o-vanillin and p-toludine, imine was formed. The color change from green to orange suggests that imine appears as orange colored. In the second step, the addition of sodium borohydride reduced the imine into another derivative, which was yellowish lime color. The solution turned clear when acids and anhydrides was added, which indicated the precipitate were dissolved.

INTRODUCTION Purified water is essential for living a healthy life as such everyone should have access to it. Drinking water conditions have great impacts on people especially in the rural and remote areas where access to safe drinking water is very important. Drinking untreated water may cause to fatal diseases. Statistics shows that these diseases resulted in ninety percent of all deaths of children under five years old in developing countries, due to low immunization of children to infection. Most of the people in the rural areas are not able enough to use water filters or buy mineral water bottles.

Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to identify given Unknown White Compound by conducting various test and learning how to use lab techniques. Tests that are used during this experiment were a flame test, ion test, pH test, and conductivity test. The results drawn from these tests confirmed the identity of the Unknown White Compound to be sodium acetate (NaC2H3O2) because there were no presence of ions and sodium has a strong persistent orange color. The compound then will be synthesized with the compounds Na2CO3 and HC2H3O2 to find percent yield.

Then 2.0-g solid KI was added and allowed to completely dissolve. Then 50.00-mL of KIO3 was added to the flask. This brown solution was titrated with thiosulfate until the solution was a pale yellow. At this point, 2.0-mL of the starch indicator was added, creating a dark blue solution, and titrating was continued until the solution was colorless. This process was repeated for an additional two trials.

The purpose of this experiment was to learn about metal hydride reduction reactions. Therefore, the sodium borohydride reduction of the ketone, 9-fluorenone was performed to yield the secondary alcohol, 9-fluorenol. Reduction of an organic molecule usually corresponds to decreasing its oxygen content or increasing its hydrogen content. In order to achieve such a chemical change, sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is used as a reducing agent. There are other metal hydrides used in the reduction of carbonyl groups such as lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4).

Using Daphnia to Detect Water Safety Due Date: Monday, the 31th of October, 2017 INTRODUCTION Question: Can Daphnia be used to detect water pollution? How does the water type (source) affect the number of Daphnia and the accuracy and efficiency of testing water safety?

The results obtained were compared to the acceptable limits of exposure established and being monitored by WHO, EPA, DENR and DOH. Definition of Terms Atomic absorption spectrophotometer – a spectro-analytical procedure for the quantitative determination of chemical elements using the absorption of optical radiation (light) by free atoms in the gaseous state Absorption – the way in which the energy of a photon is taken up by matter, typically the electrons of an atom. Acid Digestion – digestion of soluble metals in an acidic medium Effluent – waste material discharge into the environment that causes

CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE APPLICATION OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS SPECTROMETRY IN PESTICIDE ANALYSIS FROM BODY FLUIDS. Introduction Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) is the most suitable technique for the diagnosis of disorders of organic acid metabolism, known as organic acidurias. In other words organic acidurias are also commonly known as insecticide, pesticides, herbicides and fungicides. The first applications analysis of GCMS began in the early 1990s. The process of application of GCMS is used in various laboratories, quantitative and qualitative procedures for complex mixture analysis of body fluids and determination of a variety of chemically diverse metabolites in urine.

Each analyte molecule exhibits a unique fragmentation pattern which offers positive confirmation of the peak identity. Despite its widespread use in the area of breath analysis, disadvantages in GC-MS include the need for preconcentration and that it cannot be performed in real time. Other MS-techniques have also been successfully applied, such as selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) and proton-transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). PTR-MS is particularly suited to online and multiple measurements and is advantageous for complex gas mixtures such as breath samples as it does not require any preconcentration. However, the identification of compounds is somewhat limited by the fact that characterization is based only on the m/z ratio.

Water Contamination With the development of the human society, environmental problem has become increasingly serious. Environmental conservation, as a solution, has also aroused people’s wide concern. As one of the major parts of the environment, as well as the most important resource for human, water is a worth discussing topic. The following paragraphs will mainly introduce you about the water contamination, which is a loss of water’s use value, caused by harmful chemical substance.

The health and well being of the human race is closely tied up with the quality of water used (Sharma et al, 2005 and Venkateswaran, 2011). Water quality has direct impact on public health (Kumar,2003 and Arunabh Misra et al,2010). People on globe are under tremendous threat due to undesired changes in the water quality parameters such as physical, chemical and biological characteristics of air, water and soil. These undesirable changes due to pollution caused by the addition of organic and inorganic materials from non point sources such as sewage, food waste, farm effluent, through drainage ditches, including artificial fertilizer residues, insecticides, herbicides, pesticides and farmyard waste, in addition from point sources such as electroplating, pesticide, fertilizer and beverage industries. Addition to these, disposal of dead bodies, discharge of industrial and sewage wastes and agricultural runoff, which are major cause of ecological damage and pose serious health hazards (Meitei et al., 2004a).