How Artificial Intelligence Will Affect Our Lives And The Ways Humans Interact With Computers
About 60 years ago, a conference on the campus of Dartmouth College laid the foundation for the research field of artificial intelligence. In 1956 John McCarty coined the term “artificial intelligence” and defined it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs" [1]. Over the years, artificial intelligence has not only been the subject of exceptional anticipation but has also suffered tremendous setbacks. Today, AI has obtained a substantial role in science and economy. Although AI appears in our everyday lives we do not always recognize computers as being intelligent. Therefore, we might
…show more content…
This statement is reflected by the development of the ways, humans interact with computers over the past 50 years. First, computer users typed commands into a command line via a computer keyboard. Later, users interacted with a computer by using a computer mouse in combination with a keyboard. Nowadays, with the advancement of mobile computing devices such as smartphones or tablet computers, gesture and touch-based interaction becomes increasingly commonplace. In the future, advanced kinds of interaction such as natural language processing (NLP) could replace all the aforementioned ways of human computer interaction. NLP refers to methods in the research field of artificial intelligence. The main objective of a natural language processing program is to understand input in form of natural, human language like English [4]. Technologies of artificial intelligence are applied to derive meaning from natural language. Examples for those technologies are machine learning, data mining or artificial neuronal networks. Not only can AI enhance the ways humans interact with computers but it can also assistance disabled people to work with computers. This shows that in order to enable new forms of communication between human and computers, artificial intelligence is …show more content…
Advanced forms of human computer interaction, enhanced safety in traffic, assistance in medical image analysis and realistic computer games are only few of the areas in which AI is vital. With further advancement of the technologies and the algorithms used in the research field of artificial intelligence, it can be expected that the role of AI increases significantly in the future. Although AI seems to be promising, humanity must pay special attention on that topic. Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk or Bill Gates recently expressed their concerns about AI, and that humanity should be careful with intelligent computer systems. Hawking stated in an interview with BBC: “The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.”
However, Carr did not inform the readers his credentials and professional expertise throughout the essay. His profession is established at the end of the essay on a small footnote, which also provided his other essays and books. In the beginning of his essay, he establishes himself as a trustworthy source by discussing catastrophic events and providing small amounts of history. He also used quotes from historical figures such as the British mathematician and philosopher Alfred North Whitehead to make readers assume that he researched for his topic, which he did (90). Carr also provided opposing viewpoints by giving the reader’s quotes from theorists who are pro-automation and facts that prove humans can be “unreliable and inefficient” when they are responsible for operating simple tasks (93).
Stephen Hawking believes, “The development of full artificial intelligence [AI] could spell the end of the human race.” Technology is like a drug, people become addicted and can't go without it. A study has shown that at least 84% of worldwide phone users say they couldn’t go a single day without their mobile device in their hand. And that 26% of car accidents are caused by phone usage. In brief, technology can destroy human.
Nicholas Carr is “an American journalist and technology writer” who attended Dartmouth College and Harvard University. Over the past decade, Carr has examined and studied the different impacts that computers have on our life and the “social consequences” of this new technology (Carr 123). In “A Thing Like Me” by Nicholas Carr, the author claims that technology is overpowering and dominating our lives. Carr expands on this idea further by defining it as people using “tools that allow them to extend their abilities” (Carr 124). To help with his argument, Carr uses a historical narrative about the creation of computer software, named ELIZA.
“How do you tell what are real things from what aren’t real things?” (Aldiss 446) Since antiquity the human mind has been intrigued by artificial intelligence hence, rapid growth of computer science has raised many issues concerning the isolation of the human mind. The novella “Super-toys Last All Summer Long” is written by Brian Aldiss in 1969. Aldiss’ tale depicts the paradoxical loneliness of living in an overpopulated world.
Douglas employs notable examples to support his claims and rightfully proves why AI is not as risky as seen by the public. David Parnas’ “The Real Risks of Artificial Intelligence” focuses on the unseen negative aspects of Artificial Intelligence. He argues that AI programs can be untrustworthy and even in some cases, destructive due to the programming approach that programmers take. While Parnas is negative about the concept of Artificial Intelligence, Eldridge see Artificial Intelligence in a brighter light. Both authors present their arguments differently in terms of tone, level of diction, examples and organization.
Hector Garcia Professor Sullivan English 102 2 November 2015 Artificial Intelligence: Annotated Bibliography Wallace, Brian. " The Economic Impact of Artificial Intelligence [INFOGRAPHIC]. " Social Media Today. Social Media Today, 21 May 2013.
In Alan Turing’s paper Computing Machinery and Intelligence, he proposes a thought experiment that would eventually be tested, and even later be beaten. He describes an experiment where a man and a woman are in two different rooms and an outside observer has to guess at the sexes of the participants. He then suggests that one of the participants be replaced with a computer. Once humanity is unable to tell the difference and will guess that the computer is human at the same rate that it will guess that it is a machine will answer Turing’s thesis of, “Can machines think?’ (434).
Artificial Intelligence and its effect on the workforce Artificial intelligence(AI) is a recent reality of technological advancement affecting human society. To analyze its effect on the workforce we will look back in history for technological disruptions and how they affected the workforce and compare and contrast to the way AI is currently impacting and will continue impacting the human workforce and other aspects of human society such as economics, politics and the general environment. History Throughout history technological advancement has affected human society in its ways of living, working and its environment.
Defining intelligence is a very difficult proposition and one which Alan Turing attempted to avoid answering as regards machine intelligence in the Imitation Game which has become known as the Turing Test (Turing, 1950). He posed the question “Can machines think?” which is he developed to ask if machines are able to converse in a way that can persuade humans they too are human. A machine is declared to have passed the test if human judges are unable to tell the difference between a human and a computer through a typed conversation. He suggested that a machine that persuades 70 per cent of human judges after five minutes of conversation should be deemed to have passed the test.
Further defined, artificial intelligence are computer systems that are able to proceed tasks and obtain abilities that originally require human knowledge or intelligence. These abilities and tasks include speech recognition, translation of languages, quick and efficient decision making skills, environmental or global locations, and much more beyond the average level of intelligence. Even though many individuals believe artificial intelligence can enhance society, the negative effects of these high-tech computers and machines is that people could become insignificant, completely lose their positions in the workplace, and overall, this leads to the inclusive problem of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence may be ‘cool’ in the eyes of many
Artificial Intelligence is the field within computer science to explain some aspects of the human thinking. It includes aspects of intelligence to interact with the environment through sensory means and the ability to make decisions in unforeseen circumstances without human intervention. The beginnings of modern AI can be traced to classical philosophers' attempts to describe human thinking as a symbolic system. MIT cognitive scientist Marvin Minsky and others who attended the conference
and this affects the way you behave. The new NLP technology is about action; it is about the way we think and feel. It explores excellence in every occupation and lifestyle.
Rise of Artificial Intelligence and Ethics: Literature Review The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, authored by Nick Bostrom and Eliezer Yudkowsky, as a draft for the Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, introduces five (5) topics of discussion in the realm of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and ethics, including, short term AI ethical issues, AI safety challenges, moral status of AI, how to conduct ethical assessment of AI, and super-intelligent Artificial Intelligence issues or, what happens when AI becomes much more intelligent than humans, but without ethical constraints? This topic of ethics and morality within AI is of particular interest for me as I will be working with machine learning, mathematical modeling, and computer simulations for my upcoming summer internship at the Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) in Norco, California. After I complete my Master Degree in 2020 at Northeastern University, I will become a full time research engineer working at this navy laboratory. At the suggestion of my NSWC mentor, I have opted to concentrate my master’s degree in Computer Vision, Machine Learning, and Algorithm Development, technologies which are all strongly associated with AI. Nick Bostrom, one of the authors on this article, is Professor in the Faculty of Philosophy at Oxford University and the Director at the Future of Humanity Institute within the Oxford Martin School.
I do not believe the field has been developed to its potential in any regard, and feel that considerable progress can be made to improve the interactive experience that users have with an artificial intelligence application. This genuine intrigue combined with my curiosity for the subject matter and the limitless potential of the field are the reason why I wish to pursue a greater depth of knowledge in artificial