Stoichiometry Lab Report

Students first prepped for the lab by cleaning out the crucible. Three boiling chips were added in the crucible once it was wiped out with a paper towel. The crucible was then placed on a clay triangle two finger widths above the Fischer burner. After 10 minutes of the crucible being directly under the flame, the it was clean and students allowed time for it to cool down. Next, the students from then on used tongs to transport the crucible from weighing it and back to the clay triangle.

Materials: • Baking Soda • Balance • Beaker • Evaporation Dish • Hot Plate • Tongs • Spatula • Weigh Dish Procedure: Begin by measuring the mass of the empty beaker. Then, place 2.00 grams of baking soda into the empty beaker. Using the tongs put the beaker filled with 2.00 grams of baking soda onto the hot plate. The beaker needs to be heated for about ten minutes. Remove any clumps throughout the ten minutes with the spatula.

In the lab, the theoretical yield of CO2 was calculated by using the mass of the Alka-Seltzer (in Part A) and the mass of the anti-acid (Part B) were multiplied by the mole ratios that were involved in the reaction equation for each reaction and they were also divided by the molar mass of each substance. From the balanced chemical equations that were included in the calculation portion, the limiting reactant in part A was determined to be citric acid. The limiting reactant in part B was determined to be HCl because in the reaction, the HCl would ran out before the calcium carbonate. The stoichiometry would not have been different when converting between the different states of matter because the state is a measure of kinetic energy, and not

Problem: Can the specific heat of an unknown metal be found using calorimetry? Background: Calorimetry is the science of measuring heat based on observing the change of temperature when a body takes in or gives off energy as heat or light. The device used to determine heat associated with a chemical reaction is called a calorimeter. When calorimetry is used it’s information is then put into an equation to find the specific heat of an object.

The process of chemical digestion in the breaking down of food with enzymes so that they can become molecules such as nutrients, salts and water , so that way they are easily absorbed and utilized. The process of absorption involves moving such molecules through the GI epithelium and into the blood or lipids. Ingested food is initially broken down mechanically by your mouth into pieces that are easier to swallow, and then broken down again into even smaller pieces so that in can continue its journey through the stomach and into the small intestine. These food particles are primarily made or major nutrients and minor nutrients. The major nutrients such as carbohydrates, protein and lipids must be broken down further enzymatically in order

When the copper is heated, the flame of the bunsen burner changed from blue to green. The colour of the copper metal changed from a shiny reddish-brown colour to a dull gray-brown colour. When the magnesium is heated, it changed from a dull gray metal to a pale white colour. b) 2Mg (s)+ O2 (g) ----> 2MgO (s) Magnesium + Oxygen ----> Magnesium Oxide 2Cu (s) + O2 (g)----> 2CuO (s) Copper + Oxygen ----> Copper Oxide c)Copper

Stoichiometry is a method used in chemistry that involves using relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction, to determine a desired quantitative data. The purpose of the lab was to devise a method to determine the percent composition of NaHCO3 in an unknown mixture of compounds NaHCO3 and Na2CO. Heating the mixture of these two compounds will cause a decomposition reaction. Solid NaHCO3 chemically decomposes into gaseous carbon dioxide and water, via the following reaction: 2NaHCO3(s) Na2CO3(s) + H2O(g) + CO2(g). The decomposition reaction was performed in a crucible and heated with a Bunsen burner.

Introduction How do you find the concentration of an unknown acid? The law of conservation of mass will be observed in this lab because in a balanced or neutralized equation the number of moles of the acid is equal to the number of moles of the base. An equation that will be observed is that when an acid and a base are combined in a reaction they will produce salt and water. In order to properly conduct this lab procedure many different properties of acids and bases need to be understood. Acids have a pH lower than seven, turn litmus paper red, and when mixed with phenolphthalein remain colorless.

In this experiment, a balanced chemical equation will be provided for decomposition reactions. A redox reaction is a reaction where one reactant is reduced due to a gain of electrons, and the other is oxidized due to a loss of electrons. The reactant that loses an electron is called the reducing agent, whereas the reactant that gains an electron is called the oxidizing agent. In this experiment, the balanced chemical equation, and the two half equations for the redox reactions will be provided, and the oxidizing and reducing agents will be

Stoichiometry of a Double Displacement Reaction The objective of this lab is to find the percent yield of a product of a double displacement reaction. Procedure: Refer to handout entitled “Stoichiometry of a Double Displacement Reaction” Materials: Refer to handout entitled “Stoichiometry of a Double Displacement Reaction” Data & Observations: Data Table Calculated Molar Mass of CuSO4•5H2O 249.677 g Calculated Molar Mass of CuO 79.545 g Starting mass of CuSO4•5H2O 2.050 g Mass of 100-ml beaker and filter paper 52.600 g Mass of 100-ml beaker, filter paper, and CuO precipitate 53.450 g Calculations:

Verna Wang Hannah Palmer CHEM 101-069 Lab 11-19-16 Stoichiometry and Limiting Reagents Lab Report Purpose: We are using the reaction of sodium hydroxide and calcium chloride to illustrate stoichiometry by demonstrating proportions needed to cause a reaction to take place. Background: Just like a recipe would call for a specific amount of one ingredient to a specific amount of another, stoichiometry is the same exact method for calculating moles in a chemical reaction. Sometimes, we may not have enough of or too much of one ingredient , which would be defined as limiting and excess reagent, respectively.

Properties of Substances Express Lab 1)The purpose of this lab was to compare the physical properties of different types of solids and how the properties of solids are determined by their intermolecular forces and their intramolecular bonds. Then we were to classify each type of solid as either ionic, metallic, non-polar molecular, polar molecular, or network. Paraffin wax classified as a non-polar molecular, Silicon dioxide was classifies as a network, Sodium chloride was classified as ionic, Sucrose was classified as polar molecular and Tin was classified as metallic. (2)The intermolecular forces that are present in Paraffin wax are dispersion forces, because it is non-polar and carries a negative charge. Followed by Sucrose that has

The wax melted first, followed by the salt, and lastly the sugar. The salt not only burned before the sugar, but developed a brown color throughout most of the substance at a faster pace. In the water solubility test, the salt dissolved in the water, as soon as it was properly mixed and the sugar dissolved in the water as well, but was stirred for a longer period of time until it was completely dissolved. The wax did not dissolve in the water, however bits of the substance broke off from the main piece. With this information, the final results included: wax as a nonpolar covalent compound, since the substance melted first and was not soluble in water; salt as a polar covalent compound, since the substance was soluble in water and the second to melt; and sugar as an ionic compound because the substance melted last and was soluble in

1. Introduction Plants are the main source of food and medicine of humans since the times of ancient throughout the world. Many synthetic antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT) are known to have side effects causing liver damage. The expensive treatments, adverse effects of several allopathic drugs and development of resistance to existing drugs have forced us to look back into nature as a resource for therapeutics to a wide variety of human ailments. Therefore there is a need for isolation and characterization of natural antioxidant having fewer side effects which can be used in foods or medicinal materials to replace damage causing synthetic antioxidants [20].

Properties of Ionic and Covalent Substances Lab Report Introduction The purpose of this lab was to determine which of the following substances: wax, sugar, and salt, are an ionic compound and which are a covalent compound. In order to accurately digest the experiments results, definitions of each relating factor were researched, leading to the following information: ionic compounds are positive and negatively charged ions that experience attraction to each other and pull together in a cluster of ionic bonds; they are the strongest compound, are separated in high temperatures, and can be separated by polar water molecules. A covalent compound is formed when two or more nonmetal atoms share valence electrons; covalent compounds are also categorized into two sections: polar covalent and nonpolar covalent. Furthermore, polar covalent compounds dissolve in water, while nonpolar covalent compounds do not.